翻译基础模拟试题8_精选专八翻译模拟试题

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《英语翻译基础》模拟题八

I.I Directions: Translate the following words, abbreviations or terminology into their target language respectively.There are altogether 30 items in this part of the test, 15 in English and 15 in Chinese, with one point for each.(30’)`1 IOCIP 3.FLU 4 FTPWMO 6 ISF 7 JP 8 NVT 9 MSA 10 AAA

11.Close Air Support 12 Ministry of Textile Industry 13 State Bureau of Commodity Prices 14 National Institute of Standards and Technology 15 National Senetiment 16.中国共产党 17中华人民共和国 18 领土完整长征三号运载火箭月球探测器中央气象局恭喜发财老字号人民大会堂春运打破僵局解放生产力遵纪守法自负盈亏温饱问题

II.Directions: Translate the following two source texts into their target language respectively.If the source text is in English, its target language is Chinese.If the source text is in Chinese, its target language is English.(120’)

Source Text 1 Welcome to Yale.We invite you to visit us at any time—in person or through this site—and explore the life of our campus Some people think of Yale primarily as an undergraduate school, Yale College.Yale is indeed well known for the strength of its college, where its 5,200 students learn to lead and serve not only through a strong academic curriculum but also by participation in a host of extracurricular activities, from athletics to community service.Yale students are famous for forming and shaping their own clubs and organizations.More than 240 student organizations now exist, some over a century old and others formed just this year Yale is also a major research university.Led by a distinguished faculty, it carries on its education and research on the graduate level in our graduate and profeional schools: the graduate school of arts and sciences, divinity, engineering & applied science, forestry & environmental studies, law, management, medicine, nursing, public health, and four schools of the arts: architecture, art, drama, and music.The University is home to one of the world’s great libraries and three outstanding public museums and galleries—Peabody Museum of Natural History, the University Art Gallery, and the Center for British Art—that help to enrich the cultural climate of the university and city

Founded in 1701, Yale is a university with honored traditions.In the diversity of its students, its global outlook, and its outstanding research, it is also a university of compelling change.We welcome your interest in the University and in our community.Please browse Yale's Web pages for information on all aspects of the University and the activities of its students, faculty, and staff.If you are in the New Haven area, our Visitor Center offers daily tours of the campus and its architecture and facilities Richard C.Levin, President

Source Text 2 我8岁那年的一个下午，随妈妈去食品店购物。妈妈指着街上一位骑自行车的男子说：“这个人是疯子，他居然能看懂中文。”我至今记得那中年男子一头爱因斯坦式的爆炸发型，更可怕的是他头发的颜色火红火红的。那一刻我的确相信自己撞见了一个传说中的魔鬼。1966年我正读高中，学校的外语课是拉丁文和法文。我酷爱拉丁文、法文的诗歌，有天在学校图书馆里，我像往常一样在诗歌书架旁徜徉。当我抽出来一本美国诗人庞德的诗歌集时，紧贴其的一本薄薄小册子掉了下来，这是庞德翻译的中国古典诗词集。我吓了一跳，没想到中国居然会有诗词。随手翻翻我立即就被吸引住了，从未见过如此清新风格的诗词。

一星期后，我找到20世纪初英国汉学家阿瑟韦利（ArtherWaley）写的《鸦片战争》，对我来说这又是一个惊奇。因为英国历史教科书中只字未提过这场战争，普通英国人对此一无所知。在大英帝国的历史长河里，这段时间短暂、东亚局部发生的“小战役”微不足道，在鸦片战争那一年，英帝国的广袤海外属地东南亚、中亚、非洲、澳州等地区，有许多比对华“贸易之争”更值得着墨的重大事件。我读完《鸦片战争》后仍然意犹未尽，马上又找来韦利翻译的中国古诗词。我意外和难以想像，中国人居然能创作出如此高雅、感人的诗歌。

数月后报纸上登出一则消息，爱丁堡大学将新开设中文课。当晚我躺在床上辗转不眠地思量，干吗不上大学去系统地学习中文，这样我就有机会读中文原诗而不需借助译本了。

次日清早我致电大学行政办公室，与主任约好了会面时间。3天后我坐了两小时火车如期赴约，主任却将有位怪异的小伙子想学汉语这档子事忘在了脑后，我扑了个空。回家后我继续联络该主任，再次表达期望学习中文的决心。直到开课前夕，中文系千辛万苦地总算从全英国招来了5名学生。当我告诉高中的拉丁文和法文教师将上大学汉语系就读时，拉丁文老学究连连赞赏我超乎寻常的勇敢，那位法文女老师却一个劲地摇头耸肩，试图规劝我“不要浪费你的大学时光，还是去学点任何有用的东西吧。” 大学课堂上第一次从录音机里听中国话，那感觉令我灰心极了，听上去所有的声音全是一个调调，这么近似的发音如何来分辨，我们何年何月才能听懂呢?怪不得西方人称中文为天书。第一个学期下来，我的口语四声仍旧一塌糊涂，磁带里的汉语对话始终只听得一阵哇拉哇拉。旁人看我们中文系的学生认为是一小撮“考古学者”。记得第一次去大学图书馆借阅中文语法课本时，那位家庭妇女模样的中年馆员，眼睛从拖到鼻子的眼镜架下端睨着我，愣了一会儿问道：“中文语法，那个语言不是早废除了吗? 大学期间在爱丁堡，我只见过两个四十年代从大陆来的移民，街上有几家香港人开的中餐馆，但他们都只讲广东话。有两、三次，伦敦的中国使馆官员光临我们的中文课，官员的演讲通篇是吹捧中国*的大好形势。我着迷的中国文化他们只字不提。我向他们请教孔子、孟子及中国古典文学，得到的回答是中国正在破四旧。为此我特别难过失望。

中国文化如同围棋，游戏规则简单明了，几下子就可以解释清楚，但真正玩起来后才逐渐领略到其中深远的奥妙。中文也如此，表面看来中文没有动词变化，也没有阴性、阳性词汇及单复数。讲述任何时间发生的事，只需冠上相应的时间副词即可，如刚才、昨天、明天等等。这令初学汉语的西方人兴奋，认为很幸运地躲过了如法文般难啃的动词时态变化。但当他们的汉语真正入门后，就会发现正因为游戏的规则太少，而令外行更加无所适从。英语里有Chinese Puzzle(中国迷宫)一词，就是用来比喻晦涩难解的问题。若西方人听不明白某人的谈话时会说：“你简直是在讲中文。”

大学毕业后由于我痴迷老庄、陶渊明的修身哲学，我决意模仿中国古代圣贤的生活方式，隐居到苏格兰深山乡野里，自己辟了一块荒地躬耕自食。“羁鸟恋旧林，池鱼思故渊。开荒南野际，守拙归园田。方宅十余亩，草屋八九间。榆柳荫后檐，桃李罗堂前。暧暧远人村，依依墟里烟。狗吠深巷中，鸡鸣桑树颠。户庭无尘杂，虚室有余闲。久在樊笼里，复得返自然。”我知道两千年前我所景仰的陶兄曾如此这般地融入大自然。我一边务农、一边研读中国古代哲学、元曲及明清小说，并为报刊撰稿赚取生活费。编辑们对我的英文风格深感惊讶和新鲜，报社来信赞美我“难以想象，如天使般的行文”。我深知那是因为“启承转合”的中文写作玄机启发了我的思维，璀璨的中国文化给予了我享用不尽的灵感。直至今日，我仍坚持用中国文学的技巧逻辑来下笔英文散文。

参考答案：

I 词语解释

`1 IOC 国际奥组委（International Olympic Committee）2 IP 知识产权(Intellectual Property)3.FLU 流行性感冒 Influenza 4 FTP 文件传输协议 File Transfer Protocol WMO 世界气象组织

World Meteorological Organization 6 ISF 国际科学基金会 International Science Foundation 7 JP 日本专利

Japanese Patent NVT 网络虚拟终端 Network Vietual Terminal 9 MSA 测量系统分析

Measurement System Analysis 10 AAA 高射炮 Anti-Aircraft Artillery 11.Close Air Support 终止空中支票 12 Ministry of Textile Industry 纺织工业部 13 State Bureau of Commodity Prices 国家物价局National Institute of Standards and Technology 国家标准局 15 National Senetiment 民族情感

16.中国共产党 the Communist Party of China 17中华人民共和国 People’s Republic of China 18 领土完整

Territorial Integrity 长征三号运载火箭 Long-march-3C Carrier Rocket 20 月球探测器

Lunar Probe 中央气象局 Central Bureau of Meteorology 22 商务印书馆

Commercial Pre 恭喜发财

May you be prosperous!/ Wish you all the best 24 老字号

an old and famous shop / enterprise 24 人民大会堂 People’s Great Wall 春运

transportation during the Spring Festival / the peak transportation period during China’s lunar new year holiday 26 打破僵局 to break the deadlock 27 解放生产力 to emancipate the productive forces 28 遵纪守法 to observe discipline and abide by the law 29 自负盈亏 to be responsible for one’s own profit and lo 30 温饱问题

the problem of inadequate food and clothing

II 段落翻译

英译汉

提到耶鲁大学，人们首先会想到它是一所本科生大学。耶鲁确实以其雄厚的学院力量闻名于世，我们的5200名学生不仅通过学习领先的学术课程，更是通过参加大量丰富多彩的课外活动——从体育运动一直到社会服务等-------锻炼了出色的领导能力和社会服务能力。

耶鲁学生能够自主创办各种俱乐部和社会组织，这享誉世界。学校现存240个学生组织，有的已逾百年历史，也有的始创于今年。

耶鲁也是一所重要的研究型大学。我们有一流的师资队伍，开展研究生院与专业学院的研究生教研工作。除本科学部外，学校设有文理科研究生院，以及各专业学院，其中包括神学院、工程与应用科学院、森林与环境研究学院、法学院、管理学院、医学院、医学院、公共健康学院，以及4个文艺学院：建筑设计学院、艺术学院、戏剧学院和音乐学院。

耶鲁拥有世界顶尖的图书馆和三所不同凡响的公共博物馆和美术馆——皮柏自然历史博物馆，耶鲁大学美术馆和耶鲁大学英国艺术中心，这些使得耶鲁和纽黑文市的文化底蕴更为丰厚。

耶鲁建于1701年，300多年的历史光辉灿烂。耶鲁的学生包罗万象，展望面向全球，科研成就斐然，变化举世瞩目。耶鲁大学和耶鲁社区欢迎您！请浏览我们的网站，以掌握大学概况，学生活动和教职工队伍等各方面的详细信息。如果您在新哈芬区，我校的旅游中心会为您提供校园及其建筑设施的日常旅游服务。

耶鲁校长 理查德· C·莱温

汉译英

One afternoon, when I was eight, I was going with my mother to the grocer’s, catching sight of a man riding a bicycle on the street, mother told me that he was a madman since he knew Chinese language.Today I still remember what that man looked like: he had blown-up hair like Einstein’s, and even more frightening was that his hair was of a fiery-red colour.At that moment I believed I was undoubtedly seeing a devil.In 1966, I was at high school which offered Latin and French as foreign languages.I was keen on poems in Latin and French.One day when I was browsing through the poetry shelves at the school library as usual, I hastily brushed off a thin booklet to the floor as I tried to take out a poetry anthology by Ezra Pound.I picked it up and found it was a collection of Pound’s translation of Chinese claical poetry.I was astonished to discover that the Chinese could write in verse.But a quick glance of the lines caught my fancy: never before had I read such fresh and beautiful styles of poetry.One week later, I went and borrowed The Opium War by Arthur Waley, an English sinologist in the early 20th century.This book, which told the truth of this war, revealed another astonishing fact, that no word about the war had ever been mentioned in the textbooks of history taught in British schools, and the average Englishmen simply knew nothing about it.The opium war, which took place in China, a remote land in Eastern Asia, and last only a few years, did not deserve a page in the history books of the UK when there were happenings elsewhere that were much more important and more worth mentioning than a mere “trade war” between China and the British Empire, whose overseas colonies covered South-East Asia, Middle Asia, Africa, and Australia.However, The Opium War did not satisfy my interest in China, so I borrowed Wayley’s translation of Chinese poetry for a careful reading.It was really out of my expectation that China should have produced such beautiful and moving poetry.A couple of months later, a notice in the newspaper offering a Chinese language course in Edinburgh University aroused my interest.Lying awake in bed that night, I considered taking the course and learning Chinese language in a systematic way, so that I could appreciate Chinese poetry in its true original instead of reading translations.Early the next morning I called by phone the Administration Office of the university and made an appointment to see the Chairman of Department of Chinese Language.Three days later a 2-hour ride on the train took me to Edinburgh University, but I was disappointed to be informed that the Chairman was not there: He had forgotten all about the appointment with a young man who took the fancy of learning Chinese language.Back home after this disappointment, I contacted the Chairman again, trying my best to convince him of my resolution to learn Chinese.The Chinese Department managed to enroll from the whole country only 5 students including me just before the course started.When I told my former teachers in high school that I was going to learn Chinese, the Latin teacher, a pedantic old gentleman, kept extolling me for my courage while the French teacher, a madam, kept shaking her head and shrugging her shoulders, trying to diuade me, “Do not waste your college days, better choose something else and more useful.”

I was thrown into utter disappointment on hearing Chinese actually being spoken from a recorder at the first leon in university: to me, all the voices sounded to me one same tone: little wonder Westerners dubbing it the tongue of Heaven.By the end of the first semester, I was terribly poor in uttering the four tones of spoken Chinese, and to my ear the Chinese dialogues played on the tape jarred into pandemonium.Students of other majors viewed us Chinese-language students an “archaeological” team.I still remember what the housewife-like librarian said, staring at me over her spectacles in great surprise when I, the first visitor in the library, told her that I would like to borrow a book on Chinese grammar, “A book on Chinese grammar? That language has been banned, hasn’t it?”

During my college days in Edinburgh in 1930s, I saw only a couple of Chinese immigrants from Mainland China.There were a few small Chinese restaurants run by immigrants from Hong Kong, but they only spoke Cantonese.There were two or three occasions when Chinese officials from the Chinese Embay to the UK visited our Chinese claes, and each time they gave us lectures on the “good situation of the so-called Great Cultural Revolution”, which was in full swing in China, but not a word was mentioned about Chinese traditional culture which I had been so keen on.When I asked them about Confucius and Mencius and the Chinese claics, they answered that the whole Chinese nation was engaged in banning the Four Old Traditions.Hearing that, I was terribly disappointed with myself, and terribly sorry for China.Chinese culture is like game playing, its rules being simple to follow and demanding no complicated explanation.When you come to play the game, however, you begin to feel its profoundne.The same is with Chinese language.Without formal conjugation of verbs or inflections in gender and number, Chinese language, when describing any event taking place at any time, simply prefix adverbs such as “just now”, “yesterday” and “tomorrow”.These features of the Chinese language easily mislead a beginner to the luck belief that he would be rescued from memorizing such irregular changes as in French.When he has made some progre in the first step, however, he would find it not as easy as expected to master the language, just for the reason the language has few rules to follow.“Chinese Puzzle” in English language is a synonym to a problem that is too difficult for a solution, and a westerner would say “You are speaking Chinese” when he is unable to understand what somebody else has said.After graduation from university, I retreated to a remote rural place, earning a living from a small piece of farmland I cultivated from wilderne.I chose to live such a simple life because I admired the philosophies of life that are Zhuang-zi and Tao Yuanming, and modeled after these two famous Chinese philosophers.I in particular understood that Tao Yuanming had made himself part of Nature that he so loved.I did farming work, and in my spare time I studied the ancient Chinese philosophies, operas of the Yuan Dynasty, and novels and stories of the Ming and Qing dynasties.I also wrote articles and contributed them to papers and journals.The editors thought highly of the style of my writing, commending it as being full of “angelic glamour”.I know at the bottom of my heart that what endowed my articles with a new way of composition was the four-step Chinese method of composing an article, namely, introduction, development, transition and conclusion, and my inexhaustible inspiration was the Chinese culture.Even today I keep up writing prose articles in English in accordance with techniques and ways of reasoning that are of Chinese literature.