翻译词组 中国文化_英语中国文化翻译
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中国文化关键词一、四大发明(the Four Great Inventions of Ancient China)
1、火药
gunpowder2、印刷术 printing3、造纸术 paper-making4、指南针 compa
二、中国古代哲学家(Ancient Chinese Philosophers)
1、孔子
Confucius2、孟子
Mencius3、老子
Lao Tzu4、庄子
Chuang Tzu5、墨子
Mo Tzu6、孙子
Sun Tzu三、四书(the Four Books)
1、《大学》the Great Learning2、《中庸》the Doctrine of the Mean3、《论语》the Analects of Confucius
4、《孟子》the Mencius
四、书法五大书体(the Five Major Styles of Chinese Calligraphy)
1、篆书
seal script;seal character2、隶书
official script;clerical script3、行书
running script;semi-cursive script4、草书
cursive script5、楷书
regular script;standard script五、六艺(the Six Claical Arts)
1、礼
rites2、乐
music3、射
archery4、御
riding5、书
writing6、数
arithmetic
六、汉字(Chinese Characters)
1、汉字笔画
stroke2、偏旁部首
radical3、书写体系
writing system4、汉藏语系
Sino-Tibetan5、汉学家
Sinologist;Sinologue6、中国热
Sinomania7、同宗同源
of the same origin8、华夏祖先
the Chinese Ancestors9、单音节
single syllable10、声调
tone11、阴平、阳平、上声、去声
level tone, rising tone, falling-rising tone, falling tone12、象形文字 pictographic characters;pictogram13、文房四宝(笔墨纸观)the Four Treasures of the Study(brush, ink stick, paper, and ink stone)
七、武术(the Martial Arts)
1、中国武术
kung fu2、武术门派
schools of martial arts3、习武健身
practice martial arts for fitne4、古代格斗术 ancient form of combat5、中国武术协会 Chinese Martial Arts Aociation6、武林高手
top martial artist7、气功
Qigong;deep breathing exercises8、柔道
judo9、跆拳道
tae kwon do10、空手道
karate11、拳击
boxing12、摔跤
wrestling13、击剑
fencing14、武侠小说
tales of roving knights;kung fu novels15、古装片 costume drama16、武打片 Chinese swordplay movie17、太极Tai Chi
八、中国文学作品(Chinese Literary Works)
1、《三国演义》Three Kingdoms2、《西游记》
Journey to the West3、《红楼梦》
Dream of the Red Mansions4、《山海经》
the Claic of Mountains and Rivers5、《资治通鉴》History as a Mirror;Comprehensive History Retold as a Mirror for Rulers6、《西厢记》
the Romance of West Chamber7、《水浒传》
Heroes of the Marshes;Tales of the Water Margin8、《聊斋志异》Strange Tales of a Lonely Studio;Strange Tales from Make-Do Studio9、《围城》 Fortre Besieged
10、《阿Q正传》the True Story of Ah Q11、《春秋》
the Spring and Autumn Annals12、《史记》
Historical Records13、《诗经》
the Book of Songs14、《易经》
the Book of Changes15、《礼记》
the Book of Rites16、《孝经》
Book of Filial Piety17、《三字经》 Three-Character Scripture;Three-Word Chant18、八股文
Eight-Part eay;stereotyped writing19、五言绝句
five-character quatrain 20、七言律诗
seven-character octave21、《孙子兵法》 The Art of War
九、中国建筑(Chinese Architecture)
1、四合院
quadrangle;the traditional Chinese single-story houses with rows of rooms around the four sides of a courtyard2、蒙古包(Mongolian)yurt3、碑文
inscriptions on a tablet4、碑林
the forest of steles5、道观
Taoist temple6、殿
hall7、烽火台 beacon tower8、鼓楼
drum tower9、华表
ornamental column十、十二生肖(Zodiac)
1、鼠
Rat2、牛
Ox
3、虎
Tiger
4、兔
Hare5、龙
Dragon6、蛇
Snake7、马
Horse8、羊
Sheep9、猴
Monkey
10、鸡 Rooster
11、狗 Dog12、猪 Pig
十一、传统节日(Traditional Festivals)
1、春节 the Spring Festival 拜年 pay a New Year visit 烟花爆竹 fireworks and firecracker 除夕 Eve of Chinese New Year 春联 Spring Couplets 辞旧迎新 ring out the old year and ring in the new 饺子 boiled dumpling 锅贴 pan-fried dumpling;pot-sticker 庙会 temple fair 年画 traditional Chinese New Year Pictures 年夜饭 the Eve Feast;family reunion dinner on Lunar New Year’s Eve;Banquet of Chinese New Year Eve 守岁 stay up late on the New Year’s Eve 团圆饭 family reunion dinner 压岁钱 New Year gift-money;money given to children as a New Year gift2、元宵节 Lantern Festival 元宵 sweet sticky rice dumplings 花灯 festival lantern 灯谜 lantern riddle 舞龙 dragon dance 狮子舞 lion dance 踩高跷 stilt walking3、清明节 Tomb-sweeping Day 扫墓 tomb-sweeping;sweep tomb sites of loved ones 祭祖 offer sacrifices to the ancestors 踏青 go for an outing in spring4、端午节 Dragon Boat Festival 赛龙舟 dragon boat race 粽子 traditional Chinese rice-pudding 亡灵 departed soul 忠臣 loyal minister5、中秋节 Moon Festival;Mid-Autumn Day 月饼 moon cake 赏月 appreciate the glorious full moon6、重阳节 Double Ninth Day;the Aged Day7、国庆节 National Day8、七夕节 the Double-seventh Day
十二、京剧(Beijing Opera)
1、变脸 face-off2、生 male(the positive male role)
3、旦 female(the positive female role)
4、净 a supporting male role with a striking character5、丑 a clown or a negative role6、花脸 painted role7、独角戏 monodrama;one-man show8、京剧票友 amateur performer of Beijing Opera;Peking Opera fan9、脸谱 mask
十三、《论语》the Analects of Confucius1、己所不欲,勿施于人。
Do not do to others what you would not want them do to you.2、言必行、行必果。
Keep what you say and carry out what you do.3、有朋自远方来,不亦乐乎?
Isn’t it a delight to have friends coming from afar?
4、知者乐水,仁者乐山。
The wise find pleasure in waters;the virtuous find pleasure in mountains.5、君子敏于行而讷于言。
The gentleman are speedy as a worker and cautious as a speaker.6、知之为知之,不知为不知,是知也。
True knowledge is when one knows the limitations of his knowledge.7、巧言令色,鲜矣仁。
Someone who is a clever speaker and maintains a “too-smiley” face is seldom considered a humane person.8、温故而知新,可以为师矣。
You could be a teacher if you get something new from what you have learned before.9、学而优则仕。A good scholar can become an official.十四、其他
1、剪纸
paper cutting2、书法
Chinese calligraphy3、风水
Geomantic Omen4、黄土高原 Loe Plateau5、红白喜事 weddings and funerals6、针灸 acupuncture7、唐三彩 Tri-color Pottery of the Tang Dynasty8、农历,阴历 lunar calendar
阳历 solar calendar9、中国特色社会主义 socialism with Chinese characteristics10、物质精神文明建设the construction of material civilization and spiritual civilization11、文物 cultural relics12、中国结 Chinese knot13、唐装 Tang suit;traditional Chinese garments 旗袍 cheongsam [ˈtʃɔ:ŋˈsæm]
中山装 Chinese tunic suit14、景泰蓝 cloisonné
15、文化产业 culture industry16、文化底蕴 cultural deposits17、文化事业 cultural undertaking18、文化交流 cro-cultural communication;intercultural communication19、文化冲突 culture shock 20、民族文化 national culture21、民间文化 folk culture22、乡村文化 rural culture23、表演艺术 performing arts24、现代流行艺术 popular art25、高雅艺术 refined art
26、木偶戏 puppet show 皮影戏 shadow play 折子戏 opera highlights
27、说书 story-telling28、口技 ventriloquism31、战国 Warring States32、秦腔 Qin opera, crying of Qin people33、闰年 leap year
34、铁饭碗 iron bowl35、集体舞 group dance36、印/玺 seal/stamp37、亭/阁
pavilion/ attic38、追星族 star struck39、下岗 lay off;laid off 40、香港澳门同胞 compatriots from Hong Kong and Macao
十五、中国古代思想流派
1、儒家思想Confucianism2、儒家文化 Confucian culture
3、道教 Taoism4、墨家Mohism5、法家 Legalism
6、佛教 Buddhism
十六、旅游景点(tourist attractions)
1、胡同hutong
2、长城 the Great Wall of China3、秦始皇陵 the Mausoleum of Emperor Qinshihuang4、兵马俑 Terracotta Warriors and Horses
5、大雁塔 Big Wild Goose Pagoda([pəˈgəʊdə] n.塔,宝塔)
6、丝绸之路the Silk Road
7、敦煌莫高窟Mogao Grottoes;Mogao Caves
8、华清池 Huaqing Hot Springs
9、五台山 Wutai Mountain
九华山 Jiuhua Mountain
蛾眉山Mount Emei
泰山 Mount Tai
黄山 Mount Huang;the Yellow Mountain
10、故宫 the Imperial Palace
故宫博物院 the Palace Museum11、天坛 the Temple of Heaven;Altar of Heaven in Beijing12、午门 Meridian Gate([mə'rɪdɪən] n.子午圈;子午线;顶点;(权力,成就等的)全盛时期)
13、大运河 Grand Canal
护城河the Moat(n.壕沟,护城河
v.挖壕围绕)
14、回音壁Echo Wall
15、居庸关 Juyongguan Pa
16、九龙壁 the Nine Dragon Wall
17、黄帝陵 the Mausoleum of Emperor Huangdi18、十三陵 the Ming Tombs
19、苏州园林 Suzhou gardens 20、西湖 West Lake
21、九寨沟 Jiuzhaigou Valley
22、日月潭 Sun Moon Lake
23、布达拉宫Potala Palace
24、孔庙 Confucius Temple
25、喇嘛Lama26、乐山大佛 Leshan Giant Buddha
27、十八罗汉 the Eighteen Disciples of the Buddha28、长江中下游地区 the Mid-low Reaches of Yangtze River
十七、影视节目
1、杂技 acrobatics
2、相声 witty dialogue comedy;cro-talk;comic dialogue3、电视小品 TV sketch/TV skit
十八、中国传统作品
1、刺绣 embroidery
苏绣 Suzhou embroidery
2、泥人 clay figure
3、中国画 traditional Chinese painting
水墨画 Chinese brush painting
4、青铜器 bronze ware
瓷器 porcelain;china
十九、中国结婚传统
1、红双喜 double happine2、门当户对 perfect match;exact match3、结婚证 marriage certificate4、独生子女证 the certificate of one-child
二十、中国式教育
附属学校 affiliated school 高等自学考试 self-taught examination of higher education 人才流动 brain drain;brain flow 函授部 the Correspondence Department 素质教育 eential-qualities-oriented education 政治辅导员 political counselor;school counselor 二
十一、中国特色
一国两制 one country, two systems 四人帮 Gang of Four 大跃进 Great Leap Forward 文化大革命 Cultural Revolution 大中型国有企业 large and medium-sized state-owned enterprises 中外合资企业 joint ventures 二
十二、中国食物
小吃摊 snack bar;snack stand 火锅 hot pot 北京烤鸭 Beijing roast duck 春卷 spring roll(s)莲藕 lotus root