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24.节日介绍 文体概述
节日，有的源于传统习俗，有的源于宗教，有的源于对某人或某件事情的纪念，另有国际组织提倡的运动指定的日子。节日在人们生活中意义重大。因此，在英语作文说明文里,节日介绍是一个重要的话题。注意事项：
1.时态。一般描述用现在时，下一年的日期用将来时，如涉及历史典故则用过去时。2.说明顺序。一般从基本情况(名称、来源)到延伸内容(庆祝方式等)。
3.避免开头指代不明。避免用it作主语引导第一句，而应该具体写出描述的节日。常用语块
1.春节
the Spring Festival 2.端午节
the Dragon Boat Festival 3.中秋节
the Mid-autumn Festival 4.(某节日)是在(某月某日)
falls on… 5.三天的假期
a three-day vacation 6.追溯到
date back to / date from 7.遵守风俗
observe the customs 8.放烟花
set off fireworks 9.表演节目
put on performances 10.走亲访友
visit relatives and friends 11.给小孩压岁钱
give children lucky money 12.对……表示尊敬
show respect for… 13.举行龙舟赛
hold dragon boat races 14.吃粽子
eat rice dumplings 15.观看升旗仪
watch the flag-raising ceremony 套用句式
1.燃放烟花庆祝新年的到来是一种古老的传统。
It is an ancient tradition to celebrate the coming of the New Year by setting off fireworks.2.那是一个充满欢声笑语的日子。
It is a day full of pleasure and laughter.3.人们庆祝端午节是为了纪念我国古代伟大的诗人——屈原。
People celebrate the Dragon Boat Festival in honor of Qu Yuan, the great poet of ancient China
4.中国有许多传统节日，但我最喜欢中秋节，因为它意味着丰收。
There are many traditional festivals in China, but I like the Mid-autumn Festival most, because it means harvest.5.在除夕夜，人们会和家人吃一顿丰盛的晚餐，说说笑笑。
On the New Year’s Eve, people have a big dinner with their family, talking and laughing.习作修改(做短文改错，背经典范文)
Tomb Sweeping Day usually fall on April 4 to 6 every year.It is one of the Chinese traditional festival, in which people offer sacrifices their ancestors.According to the Chinese customs, people will bring along with some food, wine, paper money or some flowers to the cemetery of their ancestors.After slightly sweep the tombs, people offer food, and then burnt
the incense and paper money, and bow before the memorial tablet.It is in this special day that people mourn over their ancestors and remember their greatly contributions to a development of our society.1.fall →falls主语是第三人称单数。
2.festival →festivals one of后要接名词的复数。
3.在sacrifices后加to offer sth.to sb.意为“向某人提供某物”。4.去掉bring along后的with bring along意为“带来”，显然with是多余的。5.or →and表“联合”关系，用并列连词and。6.sweep →sweeping介词后接动名词。
7.burnt →burn与前面的offer构成并列谓语，时态要保持一致。8.in →on表示“在具体的某一天”用介词on。9.greatly →great修饰名词要用形容词形式。10.a →the此处表特指，故要用定冠词。课堂练习
假定你是李华，你校英文报“英语园地”栏目拟刊登介绍中国节日风俗的短文。请写一篇短文介绍端午节向该栏目投稿。要点如下： 1.端午节的起源和意义。2.端午节的庆祝活动。3.你的看法。
注意：1.词数100左右。
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
The Dragon Boat Festival, one of the Chinese traditional festivals, dates back to over 2,000 years.It is celebrated on the fifth day of the fifth month according to the Chinese calendar, and it will fall on June 9 next year.The festival is best-known for its dragon-boat races, especially in the southern places where there are many rivers and lakes.Besides, people always cook and eat rice dumplings made of glutinous rice and wrapped by bamboo leaves to celebrate it.People celebrate the Dragon Boat Festival in honor of Qu Yuan, a great poet of ancient China.In my opinion, it is of great neceity to attach importance to our traditional festivals, for they’re part of our culture.课外作业
假定你是李华，你的外国朋友Tom写信告诉你他们全家想来中国过春节，现在你回信欢迎他们并向他介绍春节。要点如下： 1.春节的时间和意义。2.春节的庆祝活动。3.你的愿望。
注意：1.词数100左右。
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。3.开头语和结束语已为你写好。Dear Tom,I am very happy that you are planning to have your vacation in China during the Spring Festival.The Spring Festival is the most important festival in China, which lasts 15 days from the first day of lunar calendar to the 15th.People are busy doing cleaning, putting on the spring couplets and buying flowers.On the New Year’s Eve, people have a big dinner with
their family, talking and laughing.Dumplings are the most popular food, for people believe they can bring good fortune.People, wearing new clothes, visit relatives and friends with the words “Happy New Year” on the first day and enjoy the traditional entertainment called lion and dragon dance, which dates back to 2,000 years.I am sure you will like it.I am looking forward to your coming.Yours, Li Hua 26.现象分析 文体概述
现象分析的文章属于说明文，一般先指出某地存在某种现象，然后说明这种现象产生的原因，最后提出建议或呼吁杜绝这种现象。通常用一般现在时态。常用语块
1.引起某人的注意
draw/arouse one’s attention / be brought to one’s attention 2.采取措施(做……)
take measures(to do…)
3.日益严重的问题
an increasingly serious problem 4.普遍现象
a common phenomenon 5.改善这种情况
improve the situation 6.全社会
the whole society 7.安全意识
safety awarene 8.有效的办法/途径
an effective approach 9.越来越多的……an increasing number of… 10.共同关注
a common concern 11.热点话题
a hot topic
12.人们普遍认为
It is commonly believed/recognized that… 13.社会发展的必然结果
the inevitable result of social development 14.随着经济的快速发展
with the rapid development of economy 15.面临新的机遇和挑战
be faced with new opportunities and challenges 套用句式
1.随着工业的发展，城市的空气质量变得越来越差。
With the rapid development of industry, the air quality in cities is becoming worse and worse.2.近期校车安全问题成为了一个日益严重的问题。
Recently the safety of school buses has become an increasingly serious problem.3.如今高中生在网上开通博客成为了一种普遍现象。
It is a common phenomenon that high school students open their blogs on the Internet.4.结果，这种现象引起了社会的关注。
As a result, the phenomenon has aroused social attention.5.有三方面的主要因素应该引起我们的关注。
There are three main factors that should call our concern.习作修改(做短文改错，背经典范文)
Recently the safety of school buses has become a seriously problem, that has attracted more and more public attention.So in our cla we have held an heated discuion on the causes and solution.After the discu, we find that the problem caused by three kinds of reasons which include overloading, speeding as well as weak safety awarene.As by the solutions, first of all, we all think that it neceary to examine the safety of the school buses.Beside, we should stop risky buses from being operated.Only if all people attach importance to safety education to raise safety awarene can traffic accidents decreased.1.seriously →serious修饰名词要用形容词形式。2.that →which非限制性定语从句不能用that引导。3.an →a冠词后面的heated并非以元音音素开头。
4.solution →solutions solution是可数名词，要和causes保持一致。5.discu →discuion定冠词the后面接名词。
6.在problem后加is分析句子成分可知，此处caused作谓语，故要考虑时态和语态。时态准确，但语态应该用被动才符合逻辑。
7.by →for固定搭配as for意为“至于/关于”。
8.去掉think后的that此处并非引导宾语从句，而是it作形式宾语，后面的不定式短语才是真正的宾语。
9.Beside →Besides beside意为“在……旁边”，不符合文意。besides意为“此外”，符合文意。
10.decreased →decrease情态动词后接动词原形。课堂练习
随着经济的发展，人们的生活水平日益提高，一些中学生的消费问题成了一个热门话题。他们花钱大手大脚，令学校难以管理。请写一篇短文对这种现象进行分析。要点如下： 1.存在的现象。
2.引起此现象的原因。3.你的呼吁。
注意：1.词数100左右。
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Today, it’s a common phenomenon that some middle school students are extremely lavish in spending money, which has aroused wide concern.Generally, there’re several factors contributing to the phenomenon.First, with the improvement of people’s living standard, middle school students, the treasure of their parents, can get lots of pocket money from their parents.Second, some students spend le on their regular meals and neceities to save their pocket money, with which they buy snacks, cellphones, fashionable clothes, etc.Third, young as they are, they learn to blindly worship those with much pocket money, which causes them to compare with each other on something unrealistic.To help the students, I call on schools and parents to take measures to cultivate the students’ correct value of consuming.课外作业
每年高考后，高考状元被“热炒”。他们被各种采访和社会活动所包围，甚至可以得到大笔奖金。请写一篇短文对这种现象进行分析。要点如下： 1.存在的现象。
2.引起此现象的原因。3.你的建议。
注意：1.词数100左右。
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Every year after the College Entrance Exam, the top scorers will attract wide attention from acro the country.They accept various interviews, participate in different social activities and even gain lots of prize money.Generally, there’re several reasons why top scorers are worshiped and popular.First, many people are affected by the Chinese traditional thoughts, thinking that top scorers will often have a bright future.Second, average students think that top scorers are good learners, from whom they can absolutely learn a lot.Third, parents want their children to imitate the top scorers.In my opinion, it’s all right to give proper attention to those top scorers.But we shouldn’t pay too much attention to them.After all, exams and marks are not everything.7.道歉信 文体概述
道歉信是指因过失或疏忽等做错了事，给别人带来了麻烦或损失，发觉后给对方赔礼道歉并请求对方原谅的信件。通常包括以下三部分内容： 1.开门见山，表明写信目的，表示歉意。2.说明出现差错的原因，提出弥补措施。
3.再次致歉，请求原谅，希望得到理解(语言要诚挚，解释的理由要真实)。常用语块
1.因某事向某人道歉
apologize to sb.for sth./ make an apology to sb.for sth.2.向……说对不起
say sorry to 3.接受我的道歉
accept my apology 4.为某事原谅某人
forgive sb.for sth
5.并非故意做某事
have no intention to do sth 6.弥补；赔偿
make up for 7.赔偿；偿还
pay for / compensate for 8.给你带来不便
cause you inconvenience 9.给你带来许多麻烦
cause you much trouble 10.更加小心
be more careful 11.犯这样愚蠢的错误
make such a stupid mistake 12.应当受到责备
be to blame 13.承担责任
be responsible for/shoulder /undertake the responsibility 14.难以接受的后果
an unacceptable result/consequence 15.下不为例
never let it happen again 套用句式
1.我写这封信是因……向你致歉。
I am writing to apologize for … /I am writing to say sorry for…
2.请接受我真诚的道歉。
Please accept my sincere apology.3.对于我说的话/做的事，我确实感到很抱歉。但请相信，我并非故意要……
I am indeed very sorry for what I said/did, but please believe I had no intention to… 4.我真心希望你能理解我的处境/设身处地地为我考虑，并接受我的道歉。
.I sincerely hope you can understand my situation/think in my position and accept my apology
5.对于造成的不便我再次表示歉意。
Once again, I am sorry for any inconvenience caused.习作修改(做短文改错，背经典范文)Dear Sir/Madam,I am awfully sorry to tell you that I have lost the book I borrow from your library last week.The name of the book is Adventurers in Deserts.I read them every evening and intend to finish it the next week, but unfortunately yesterday until I came back to my room, it was nowhere to be found.I promise to pay for the lost of the book.I know money cannot cover the lo and I am blame.I will go to your place in Thursday afternoon to talk over the compensation(赔偿)for the mied book.I apologize again for any inconveniences or trouble caused by my carele.I promise that such a thing will never happen again.Yours sincerely,1.borrow →borrowed由后面的last week可知，要用一般过去时。2.them →it指代前文提到的从图书馆借的“那本书”，故用it。另外，后面的it也有提示。3.去掉next week前的the相对于现在的“下一……”，next前不用the。
4.until →when根据上下逻辑关系，可知用表示“当……时”的when才符合逻辑。5.lost →lo介词后要用名词作宾语。
6.在blame前加to固定结构be to blame意为“该受责备”。7.in →on在“星期几的下午/上午”，要用介词on。
8.Mied →miing在名词前作定语，表示“丢失的”常用形容词miing(=lost)。
9.inconveniences →inconvenience inconvenience作“不方便”解是不可数名词，没有复数形式。
10.carele →carelene形容词性物主代词后接名词形式。课堂练习
假定你是李华，寒假中作为交流生短期去英国培训，回国时因为匆忙，把房东Bob的音乐光盘夹在行李中带了回来。现在请你给Bob写一封道歉信，要点如下： 1.对自己带走音乐光盘表示歉意。2.提出解决的办法。3.再次请求原谅。
注意：1.词数100左右。2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。3.开头语和结束语已为你写好。Dear Bob,I am writing to make an apology to you for I forgot to return a music CD which I borrowed from you last week.Yesterday I came back from England and found it in my luggage.I am so sorry that you cannot listen to it at present.The CD which I borrowed from you is made in England, so I believe you can find another one in your local store.How about your buying another CD by yourself and I will pay for it? If you cannot find a similar one, I would send it back to you through a post office.And if there are any other solutions you like, please let me know.I am terribly sorry again for my carelene.Please forgive me for any inconvenience caused.I am looking forward to your reply.Yours sincerely,Li Hua 课外作业
假定你是李华，你的美国老师Mr.Evans要求你们明天下午去听一个英国历史的讲座。你因故不能参加。请你写一封信向Mr.Evans道歉并说明情况。要点如下： 1.表示歉意。
2.理由：父亲去北京出差，母亲生病住院需要人照顾。3.询问：是否有录音，以便补听讲座。
注意：1.词数100左右。2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。3.开头语和结束语已为你写好。
Dear Mr.Evans,I am indeed sorry to tell you that I won’t be able to attend the lecture on English history tomorrow afternoon.My mother suddenly fell ill and was taken to hospital last night and my father is on a busine trip to Beijing now.I am afraid that I will have to take care of her these days.However, I am actually very interested in English society and history.I wonder if it is poible for the talk to be recorded, and if so, could I borrow the tape? It would mean a great deal to me to listen to the tape and learn what is covered in the talk.Please allow me to say sorry again.I sincerely hope that you will be able to understand my situation and accept my apology.Yours sincerely, Li Hua
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