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Pope Francis Represents Firsts for Catholics
From VOA Learning English, this is IN THE NEWS in Special English.这里是美国之音慢速英语新闻报道。
Former Argentine Cardinal Jorge Bergoglio has become the first Latin American to be elected leader of the worldwide Roman Catholic Church.阿根廷前枢机主教豪尔赫·贝尔高利奥（Jorge Bergoglio）成为了首位当选全球天主教会领导人的拉丁美洲人。
At least 77 of the Catholic Church's 115 cardinals chose the new Pope during a vote in the Vatican in Rome.The new leader, called Pope Francis, later joked to the public that the cardinals went almost to the end of the earth to find a new Pope.天主教会的115位枢机主教中至少有77位在罗马梵蒂冈的这次投票中将票投给了这位新教皇。这位被称为教皇弗朗西斯的新任领导人随后向公众开玩笑说，枢机主教们为了寻找新教皇几乎踏遍了天涯海角。
He follows Pope Emeritus Benedict in office.The former pope resigned the position because, at age 85, he said he lacked the strength to continue his work.他将继任教皇本笃十六世的职位。教皇本笃十六世辞去了这一职位，因为他说以他85岁的高龄无力继续担任教皇。
On Thursday, Pope Francis led his first Ma as Pope for the cardinals who elected him.He urged them to remain faithful to the Gospel, the teachings of those who follow Jesus Christ, and avoid modern desires.周四，教皇弗朗西斯为选举他的枢机主教们主持了作为教皇的首次弥撒。他督促他们继续忠于福音，忠于那些信奉耶稣基督者的教导，并避免现代的欲望。
Pope Francis was born Jorge Mario Bergolio in Buenos Aires, Argentina on December 17, 1936 to immigrant Italian parents.In 1960 he earned a philosophy degree from the Catholic University in Buenos Aires.Later he received a master's degree in chemistry at the University of Buenos Aires.He officially became a priest in 1969.For many years he taught in Catholic schools and schools for priests-in-training.Pope Francis became the new Archbishop of Buenos Aires in 1998.He was made a cardinal by Pope John Paul Second in February of 2001.教皇弗朗西斯于1936年12月17日出生在阿根廷布宜诺斯艾利斯的一个意大利移民家庭，其全名为豪尔赫·马里奥·贝尔高利奥（Jorge Mario Bergolio）。1960年，他在布宜诺斯艾利斯的天主教大学获得哲学学位，随后在布宜诺斯艾利斯大学获得化学硕士学位。1969年他正式成为一名神父。多年来他一直在天主教学校和神父培训学校教学。1998年教皇弗朗西斯成为布宜诺斯艾利斯的新任大主教。2001年2月，他被教皇约翰·保罗二世（Pope John Paul Second）任命为枢机主教。
Pope Francis is known for his conservative beliefs.Argentina became the first Latin American country to make same-sex marriage legal in 2010.At that time, he called on priests acro the nation to urge Catholics to protest.He said the legislation would be harmful to the family.But, even though he opposes homosexuality, he has called for respect toward people who love others of the same sex.教皇弗朗西斯因其保守信念而著称。2010年，阿根廷成为首个同性婚姻合法的拉美国家。当时，他要求全阿根廷的神父督促天主教徒对此抗议。他说，这项立法会伤害家庭。但是，即使他反对同性恋，他还是呼吁尊重同性恋人士。As a priest and cardinal, Pope Francis also became known for his simple lifestyle, personal humility and commitment to social justice.作为神父和枢机主教，教皇弗朗西斯还因其生活俭朴、为人谦逊以及承诺社会公正而著称。Pope Francis is the first Jesuit to be elected to lead the church.Jesuits are known for their commitment to the poor.教皇弗朗西斯是当选领导教会的首位耶稣会会士。耶稣会会士以其承诺清贫而著称。Catholic Church expert Father Thomas Reese says Pope Francis rose through church leadership in Argentina while continuing a simple life.天主教会专家托马斯·里斯神父说，教皇弗朗西斯在阿根廷教会领导层升职期间任然过着简朴生活。
“He takes his vow of poverty very seriously.He refused to live in the Bishop's palace, he moved to a very simple apartment, cooked his own meals and he didn't want the chauffeur-driven limousine that the bishop normally had.” “他将清贫的誓约看得很重。他拒绝住进主教宫殿，而是搬到一个非常简单的公寓，自己做饭，也拒绝了主教通常都有的配备司机的豪华轿车。
This week, after holding his first Ma, the new Pope requested guards to take him to the hotel where he was staying so he could pay his bill and collect his suitcases.本周，在他主持了首次弥撒后，这位新教皇让警卫带他到他所住的酒店去支付账单和收拾行李。
The former Cardinal Bergolio is the first to choose Francis as his papal name.In doing so, Pope Francis has linked himself with the 13th century Italian priest who led his life in poverty, the man who became known as Saint Francis of Aisi.前枢机主教贝尔高利奥是首位选择弗朗西斯作为教皇名字的人。这样做，教皇弗朗西斯将自己和13世纪甘于清贫的意大利神父联系了起来，那名神父就是有名的圣·方济各。Next week, the new Pope will be officially installed.下周，新教皇将正式就职。
奥巴马访中东 促巴以恢复和谈
President Barack Obama will use his trip to Israel, the occupied West Bank, and Jordan to addre Israelis and Palestinians about reviving peace efforts.Iran's nuclear program and Syria's civil war are also on the agenda.奥巴马总统在访问以色列、被占领的约旦河西岸和约旦期间将敦促以色列和巴勒斯坦人恢复和平努力。他还会谈到伊朗核项目以及叙利亚内战的问题。
Obama last visited Israel in 2008 as a senator and presidential candidate.Now, he returns as a two-term president, but has been unsucceful in overcoming obstacles to Middle East peace.奥巴马总统上次访问以色列是在2008，当时他是参议员和总统候选人。现在他已是连任的美国总统，但一直没能成功地克服中东和平障碍。
He will carry no new peace initiative, but will deliver a meage.奥巴马这次不会提出新的和平计划，但会向巴以双方表明立场。
“That peace between the Israelis and Palestinians remains a priority of the president,” said White House Deputy Pre Secretary Josh Earnest.“That's something that he isready to strongly support if that dialogue is ready to take off.” 白宫发言人厄内斯特说：“以色列和巴勒斯坦之间的和平仍然是总统最关心的问题。如果他们准备开始对话，奥巴马总统和美国随时大力支持。”
The United States supports two states, Israel and Palestine, living peacefully alongside each other.But Obama's relationship with Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu has been strained, especially over Israeli settlements in the occupied territories.美国支持以色列和巴勒斯坦作为两个国家和平共存，但是奥巴马总统和以色列总理内塔尼亚胡的关系紧张，特别是在以色列在被占领区修建定居点的问题上。
Obama will reaure both sides that he supports their rights, and their security, says Neil Kritz of the U.S.Institute for Peace.The stakes are high.美国和平研究所的尼尔.克利茨说，奥巴马会再次向巴以双方保证美国支持他们的权利和安全，这件事赌注很高。
“For this president, one of the key challenges will be at what point does a two-state solution become more difficult to achieve.He does not want to have as his legacy, being in his term the two-state solution was lost as an option,” he said.克利茨说：“对总统来说，一个重要的挑战是，两国共存的解决办法在什么时候会变得更难以实现。奥巴马不希望两国共存这个解决办法在他任职期间变得毫无可能。他不想让这成为他的政治遗产。”
Obama was re-elected in November with 69 percent of the Jewish vote, despite Mitt Romneyquestioning his commitment to Israel.奥巴马去年11月再次当选总统。虽然其竞争对手罗姆尼质疑他是否坚决支持以色列，但是69%的犹太裔美国人投了奥巴马的票。
“This president, as was shown in election after election, has been a true friend of the Jewish people, and American Jewish voters have shown him that,” said Aaron Keyak, executive director of the National Jewish Democratic Council, which was invited to a recent discuion with the president.阿伦.克亚克是全国犹太裔民主党人理事会的执行主任，该组织最近应邀与奥巴马讨论中东问题。阿伦.克亚克说：“一次次选举表明，奥巴马总统是犹太人民的真正朋友。犹太裔美国人也向他显示，我们认为他是真正的朋友。”
Eric Fusfield of B’nai Brith International calls Obama's Mideast visit an opportunity to see what is really happening on the ground.圣约信徒国际理事会的埃里克.福斯菲尔德认为，奥巴马的中东之行会让他有机会看到那里究竟发生着什么。
“There is really no substitute for face-to-face contact, people at the graroots level, seeing and feeling what's happening in Israel today,” he said.他说：“什么也代替不了面对面的接触，和基层民众接触，看到和感受到以色列的现状。” Several Arab-American groups also came to the White House, including the American-Arab Anti-Discrimination Committee.Its president, Warren David, says Arab Americans told Obama they're disappointed in the lack of progre toward a Palestinian state.阿拉伯裔美国人反歧视委员会等几个阿拉伯裔美国人团体最近也应邀前往白宫，阿拉伯裔美国人反歧视委员会的主席沃伦.大卫说，阿拉伯裔美国人告诉奥巴马，他们对巴勒斯坦人建国缺乏进展感到失望。
“I said point blank, I am hoping that you are going to leave a legacy, and that this is something that you will accomplish as president.And I would have to tell you that in the beginning I was very, very peimistic, but I left being a little more optimistic because of what the president said, what his advisers said,” he said.他说：“我直截了当地说，我希望你作为总统能促成这件事，留下这个遗产。一开始我非常悲观，在听到总统及其顾问谈话后，我有些乐观了。”
David says Arab Americans told Obama they hope there will finally be peace between Israel and the Palestinians.大卫说，阿拉伯裔美国人告诉奥巴马总统，他们希望以色列人和巴勒斯坦人之间最终会实现和平。
奥巴马结束对以色列和约旦河西岸的访问
U.S.President Barack Obama is winding down a visit to Israel and the West Bank that has included talks with Israeli and Palestinian leaders and calls for the two sides to resume peace efforts.美国总统奥巴马即将结束对以色列和约旦河西岸的访问，他在访问期间与以色列和巴勒斯坦领导人举行了会谈，并敦促以巴双方恢复和平努力。
Mr.Obama on Friday called for tolerance against others in a visit to Israel's Holocaust memorial.奥巴马星期五在参观以色列的大屠杀纪念馆时发表讲话，呼吁人们相互容忍。
Mr.Obama and Mr.Netanyahu are expected to have one more meeting before Mr.Obama departs for Jordan.The two men are likely to discu Mr.Obama's Thursday speech in Jerusalem, where he said peace with the Palestinians is the “only path to true security.” 奥巴马在前往约旦之前将和以色列总理内塔尼亚胡再次会晤。他们俩人可能讨论奥巴马星期四在耶路撒冷发表的讲演。奥巴马在讲演中说，同巴勒斯坦实现和平是“实现真正安全的唯一途径”。
Mr.Obama said Israeli leaders must recognize that “continued settlement activity” on land the Palestinians claim for a state is “counterproductive.” Mr.Obama also said he believes Israel has a genuine peace partner in Palestinian President Abbas.奥巴马说，以色列领导人必须理解，继续在巴勒斯坦人宣称建国的土地上兴建定居点会起到“反作用”。奥巴马还表示，他相信巴勒斯坦权力机构主席阿巴斯是以色列的真正和平伙伴。
美国最低工资标准与妇女
President Obama's recent calls to raise the federally mandated minimum wage in the United Stateshas galvanized activists on labor iues, including those who note the wage boost would especially benefit women.美国总统奥巴马最近提出提高美国的最低工资标准，从目前的每小时7.25美元增加到9美元。劳工活动人士说，提高最低工资标准对妇女更有益。
Activists in the United States are preing the government to boost the minimum wage.美国劳工活动人士一直在要求政府提高最低工资标准。
President Obama supported this call in a recent televised addre.奥巴马总统最近对这个要求表示支持：
“A family with two kids that earns the minimum wage still lives below the poverty line.That's wrong,” said President Obama.“父母挣最低工资的双子女家庭生活还在贫困线之下，这是不对的。”
While women make up about half of the U.S.workforce, they hold more than half of the nation's minimum-wage jobs, says Joan Entmacher of the National Women's Law Center.全国妇女法律中心的恩特马切尔说，女性占美国工作人口的大约一半，美国最低工资工作的多一半由女性承担：
“They're the people who serve you food in restaurants or prepare it behind the scenes,” said Entmacher.“They're the people who clean your offices at night after you go home or clean your hotel rooms.Those are the really low paid jobs, and they are overwhelmingly filled by women.” “妇女在饭馆里为客人服务，她们晚上在人们下班以后打扫办公室，她们打扫旅馆房间。这些都是低工资工作，这些工作大部分都是妇女在做。”
That is why women have the most to gain if the minimum wage is boosted, she says.恩特马切尔认为，提高最低工资标准对妇女最有好处：
“It's really important to women because two out of three minimum-wage workers are women,” she said.“But when women have more income, their families are better off, their children are better off, and the whole economy is better off because they have more money to spend, and that creates jobs for other people.” “当妇女有更多收入时，她们的家人会生活得更好，她们的孩子会得到更好的照顾，整个经济都会更好，因为妇女有更多可支配收入，会为其他人创造就业机会。”
It can be especially hard to make ends meet in a tight economy.Debra Z.Roth found low-wage work during the receion, after surgery and a layoff from her well-paid job.在经济不景气的时候，要照顾家庭的妇女会感到压力更大。罗斯原本收入不错，被裁员之后，她找了一份低工资工作。
“I have a lot of confidence about the things that I've done, but the way in which the lo of money and the inability to feel secure affected me and affects other people is like the ground was taken out from under me,” said Roth.她说：“我原本对自己的工作能力很有自信。但收入减少以及随之而来的不安全感影响了我，就好象是双脚突然踏不到实地了。”
Now, Roth holds a job in her field-communications chief at the Washington-based Wider Opportunities for Women.She identifies with its aim to help women become financially secure, recalling her own struggle with low-wage living.现在，罗斯在华盛顿的“妇女发展机遇”机构负责外联工作，这个机构的目标是帮助妇女获得经济上的安全感。罗斯忘不了她挣最低工资时的情景：
“I ended up coming home at the end of the day and counting tips and so forth and realizing, 'I can't do this.I'm wasting my time.I should be doing more to get a job that I can actually live on,” she said.“I cannot afford my rent.'” “我每天下班回家，先算算自己挣了多少小费，然后对自己说，我不能这样下去，我这是在浪费时间。我必须得找一个能养活自己、能有钱交房租的工作。” Workers have not seen the federal minimum wage increase since 2009.美国联邦最低工资标准自2009年起一直没有提高。
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