考研英语作文【完美排版】_考研英语作文框架模板

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细说英语作文

——不求最好,但求抢分

英语大作文一共分为三种。积极类,比如文化融合,合作,点一盏心灯等等,都可以用积极类的模板。另一种是消极类的,比如11的环境污染,温室花朵,过量捕鱼这是一类。还有一类就是中性类,自信啊,网络利与弊啊,这类的。

但是这三种模板的三段谋篇布局是一样一样的。描述图片+解释图片+我们该怎么办。有时候他会让你举一个人物的例子,这就更简单了,都是提前准备好的。别着急,后面都会说到,先说说这第一段。

第一段的话,80%的作文书,第一句准是as vividly+你看到图中的东西,都用烂了的,咱们不用,/ 62

咱们的宗旨就是与众不同。第一句怎么写,咱们先不说,先说第二句。第二句一般会写,这个东西对我们的生活产生深远的影响。

例子,1、正如图片中生动形象的描画了一个文化火锅,里边有莎士比亚、佛bulabula~~(后半句用非限定性定语从句,这个待会讲)。

2、文化对人们的生活产生了深远的影响。所以金翅给出的第一段第2句(一、2用此表示,下同)的表达方法。

Multi-culture does exert such a profound effect on our life that it revolutionizes the way of people’s living and thinking.多元文化的确对我们的生活产生了深刻的影响,这种影响使我们生活和思考的方式发生了变革。大家想一想,是不是把多元文化替换成,网络、环境问题、合作、自信都很通顺呢,而且用does强调动词 exert,让人眼前一亮。这样咱们的一、2就完事了。现在说

一、1,先上模板。/ 62

As is subtly revealed in the portrayal,there is a hot-pot,which involves Shakespeare and Buddha.这句话的亮点在于非限定性定语从句,把两句话合二为一。有同学说了,这不还是as系列的么?这就需要变通啊,句子是死的人是活的呀。咱们的策略是把第一句和第二句调换一下位置,别让老师一看就是as,吐都吐死了。综上所述第一段前两句是:

一、1:Multi-culture does exert such a profound effect on our life that it revolutionizes the way of people’s living and thinking.一、2 As is subtly revealed in the portrayal,there is a hot-pot,which involves Shakespeare and Buddha.多元文化对我们的生活产生了深刻的影响,这种影响使我们生活和思考的方式发生了变革。正如这幅图片所描绘的,这里有一个火锅,它包括莎士比亚和佛。是不是感觉“正/ 62

如”用的有承上启下的作用呢?是不是很传神呢?11年的环境作文中,金翅用的此法,从最后结果来看,分数还是灰常让我满意的。

第一段第三句就很简单了,一般一张pp下边会有一句话或者一个注释,咱来个中译英就行了,前边要加上修饰的模板。

一、3:And below the cartoon,there is a topic which says:the cultural hotpot is both delicious and nutritious.要是没有配文字怎么办呢?咱也有办法。用一个感叹句搞定,What a meaningful hotpot!有人说就一个感叹句四个词,后边会不会凑不齐字数呢?前边不是说过了么,文思如尿崩,思如泉涌,不必担心字数。额,最好还是担心一下,字数别写不下了。当时11考场上写到最后一段,结果还剩三行,无奈最后一段草草收尾的。第一段的三句话,咱们就都介绍完了。/ 62

第二段一般是要介绍这个PP的深远意义或者产生的原因,写三条。第二段一共五句话,第一句说这个主题很有意义,2~4句阐述意义或者解释原因,第五句一个总结搞定。模板来啦,看官注意啦~~

二、1:The thought-provoking drawing mirrors a common phenomenon in contemporary society that there is the positive influence of cultural blending.(用了一个同位语从句,要是消极类的就用negative)

二、2~

二、4分别写三条理由意义,可以用First and foremost,What is more,Last but not least来连接,也可以不用,这个看个人习惯。我不太习惯用连接词,原因有二。一是显得很生硬,二是这三条理由的句式本来就很复杂,再加上First and foremost显得句式灰常的混乱。这个还是看个人习惯。/ 62

又有同学会说了,这个理由和意义,我们没话说。这也是我这个帖子最精华的所在,就是传说中华丽丽的万能积极理由,万能消极理由。是金翅从备考四级,六级,考研的过程中,精选又精选的万能句子,所谓万能理由,就是能自圆其说就行,在四六级和考研中屡试不爽。闲话少叙,直接上句子。

万能积极理由(10条):

1、*** can broaden our horizon ,enlarge our scope of knowledge and enrich our spiritual civilization.(***拓宽我们的视野,扩大我们的知识面,丰富我们的精神文明。积极类的王牌理由,适合很多题材,网络,文化,读书,而且用到了罕有的修辞——排比。气势磅礴,大开大合,老师眼前一亮)

2、*** provides us with convenience.(最万能的理由,凡是有优点的,都能给我们提供方便,你就想吧,/ 62

是不是?)

3、*** meet such kind of need in physical and psychological aspects.(满足我们的身心健康,短小精悍)

4、Of all the ingredients of succe,*** seems to be the first within our control.(在成功的所有元素中,***看似是我们最能把我的。是个意志品质类的话题,自信,合作都可以拿来直接用,而且相当的华丽)

5、*** win the appreciation of the public.(***赢得了公众的共识,有重要的用处,后边说。)

6、*** is a kind of lubricant for interpersonal relationships.(***是一种人际关系的催化剂。网络、多元文化,爱心,适合很多题材。)

7、stimulate one’s interest and tap one’s potential.(刺激我们的兴趣,激发我们的潜能)/ 628、Nothing,except***,can play a more indispensable role in the cultivation of one’s personality.(华丽的句式多变,凑字数的佳句啊)

9、*** is an eential element of succe.(没词时救场用的)

10、*** is the immortal theme of harmonious development.(没词时救场用的)

万能消极理由(4条):

1、the goal of achieving a harmonious society may fall through under the negative influence of ***.(超万能,所有的消极的东西,不论是环境污染,网络问题,温室花朵,过分捕鱼,交通拥挤,都会引起社会的不和谐,或许仅仅是在某一小方面。考研作文么,沾边就对,不要太计较细节,老师也没时间细想,放心的用吧。)/ 622、*** bring great lo to both the individual and the whole society.(***对个人和社会带来损失)

3、*** kill a great ma of time.(浪费大量的时间)

4、It is a epitome of the disharmonious relation between the society and human being in a specific aspect of ***(这是一个人类和社会在***方面不和谐的缩影,五星级的华丽句子,***可以是环境,可以是网络,可以是交通)

有同学又说了,我总看到作文中让举例子。憋了半天写出来一个LiMing怎么怎么样。李明太累了,让他歇一会吧。例子就要用名人的例子,一般让举例子的作文题材,都是意志品质类的文章,像合作,自信什么的。既然是万能例子就要找具有各种优秀品质的人,什么人呢,成功人士。咱们就说两个,比尔盖茨和刘翔。一般有的优秀品质他们都/ 62

有。怎么把例子变成句子呢?比尔盖茨很自信?要这样写的话,写比尔盖茨和写李明就没有本质的区别了。所以咱们要突出他的特性。

Bill Gates,for instance,who is the Chief Executive Officer of Microsoft,won the champion of Forbes’World’s Richest People in 2009.It is ***that makes his company succeful.比尔盖茨是09年“服不服”排行榜的第一名

LiuXiang,for instance,who is a famous athlete,won the champion of the 110-meter-hurdle race of the Athens Olympic Games.It is ***that makes him succeful.刘翔雅典奥运会110米栏的冠军。

这两个例子足够把所有的意志品质类的包含进去,可以放心使用。/ 62

前文交待,第二段一共5句话。

二、1已经说过写法了,2~4句从上文的理由中挑3条就行了。但是我们还觉得不够华丽,所以我们把第4句改的更华丽,并且把第5句引出来。23句继续用万能理由没问题。

我们第四句用的一个小技巧就是科学统计法,直接上句子,再讲解。

According to the recent statistic conducted by CASS——Chinese Academy of Social Science,the past decade has witneed a sharp increase in the percentage of people who supports multiculture from 21% to 78%.(根据中国社科院最近的统计数据,过去的十年里有一个飞速的增长——支持多元文化的人从21%增长到了78%)

这句话很讲究,首先引入CASS,字母大写吸引/ 62

老师的眼球,茫茫多的小写字母中,四个连续的大写,肯定能吸引住老师,恰好这句话又是华丽丽的给力,那么这句话就差不多达到目的了。那个——后边的解释,说实话是凑字数的,要是你的字数太多了,可以把CASS换成CCTV或者China Daily,然后就不用解释了。其次用sharp,很与众不同。再结合witne高级用法,足够让老师震撼。但我们觉得让老师就这样给分不满足,然后用两个数字把老师彻底征服了。根据心理学的统计,0~9十个数字中,7是人们最喜欢的数字(武当七侠,江南七怪,全真七子等等吧,这是题外话),所以咱们自己编的两个数字里尽量要有7。第一个数3*7=21,而且三七二十一是句俗语,应该是个常见的数字,第一个数用暗7。第二个数用明7,而且8是个人间人见人爱的数字,78这个数就出来了。积极类的数字可以随便编,消极类的数字要谨慎点编,别太离/ 62

谱了。此时老师已经顺利落入咱们预先设计的圈套中,如果不给15+,他会感觉这次判卷生涯不完美的。闲话少说,咱们继续。

第四句出来了,怎么接第五句呢?前文说这个数字增长得很快。如果是好的东西增长的很快,比如支持文化融合的人越来越多了,那么后边接万能积极理由5:

That is to say,multiculture win the appreciation of the public.如果是坏的东西越来越多了,比如污染面积从**%增长到**%

That is to say,This problem is getting worse and worse.有同学觉得这句话没说完,变得越来越严重了,然后呢?这就正好引出咱们的第三段,建议措施段。/ 62

第三段很简单了,基本上全是模板上去就行了,但是要华丽丽的模板,拒绝千篇1律的垃圾模板。对于积极类的,我们要怎么让他做得更好;消极类的,我们怎么改变这一现状。

It is high time that we+动词的过去式,是一个虚拟语气的结构,千万要注意。

积极类:强调好的东西对我们的重要。

It is high time that we highlighted the significance of ***(如multiculture)and cultivated the citizens’awarene that ***(如multiculture)is eential to us.消极类:因为前文说的坏的东西增长的很快,所以接下来我们就要控制这种增长的趋势。然后就政府和个人两个方面来说明做法。

It is high time that we took effective measures to/ 62

curb this trend.As far as the government is concerned,it should set down corresponding legislation and regulations.As for us,we should arouse the awarene of public towards ***(如Internet).中性类的最后一段,在消极类的基础上加一句话。说明这个东西本身没有好坏之分,我们需要掌握一个度,比如还是网络问题。句子如下:

I cherish a belief that *** themselves are not good or bad and we can benefit a lot from *** as long as we take a good control over them.不要觉得good bad这样的小学词汇就不屑于用,咱们都华丽了三段了,也要缓解一下老师激动兴奋的情绪,肥肉吃多了还嫌腻呢~~哈哈~~ 这样最后一段就差不多完事了,但是最好再来一个完美的总结。三种类型都通用的总结,如下: Only by enforcing these measures into practice, can/ 62

our society be more harmonious ,our economy be more prosperous,and we,as individuals,embrace more promising prospect.(只有我们把这些措施付诸实施,社会才能更加和谐,经济才能更加繁荣,我们作为个人才能拥抱一个更加有希望的未来。气势磅礴的排比句,给你的作文画上一个圆满的句号)

到此为止,咱们的大作文就说的差不多了,应该是能把所有的情况都涵盖进去了。这篇模板不算万能理由一共132个词,距离最低160字数只差28个字,随便挑两个万能理由写上去就ok了。所以说不要怕写英语作文。其实作文还要慢慢练的,最重要的是总结自己的模板,结合真题或者模拟题来不断地来默写模板,要对模板做到了然于胸,知道每句话要说什么内容。

说些题外话,考研英语一定要重视,不要以为过了六级就可以高枕无忧了,每年过了六级没考过/ 62

英语线的同学比比皆是。重视单词的背诵,这个是基础。同学有关于考研的问题可以在下边跟帖问,我知道的尽量解答,祝2012的同学们,马到成功。

词句提升闪光点的七种武器——化腐朽为神奇

这些技巧不难,只是改动一个词或者一个词组就能提升你的语言的地道性。建议每篇文章用3~5个,可以在文章中增加闪光点。

1、强调名词【very+名词】

有同学说名词的强调直接用 it is…that不就搞定了么?这里介绍的是一个更地道的用法,就是用very+名词的形式。比如:03年温室花朵的范文

The set of drawings above vividly depicts the destiny of a flower in different circumstances.As is shown in the first cartoon, the very flower is placed in a comfortable greenhouse which shelters it from the/ 62

threatening lightening and storm.Very一词用的很地道,如此这样的一个花朵,被保护起来。如果这句用强调句it is …that来写,估计你自己把句式结构都弄乱了。有时候要长短句结合,通篇文章全都是复合句老师也会看腻的,要长短句结合,才是最好的有节奏感的文章。

2、强调动词【do/does/did+动词原形】

The picture does state that they will travel extensively from north to south together with their combined legs.有同学问了,你说的这两个强调有什么用。强调句显得你的用词更加地道,让你文章的节奏感更强。庖丁解牛中的一、1也是一个强调动词的用法。

3、强调形容词 副词+形容词

4、定语从句的介词前置提升

5、当用到相同意思的词的时候,先写高级的用法,/ 62

后写一般的用法。

3~5这三条和在一块说,因为要用到同一个例句。副词+形容词?这个我们都知道啊,还用你金翅告诉我们。这里的副词不是一般的副词,而是和形容词同义的副词。可能说的太抽象,举一个例子,也是超级华丽的一句话,加到你的模板中。

Although life of citizens has been greatly changed,there is no denying the fact that the problem of internet,with which Chinese people are faced,becomes severely serious.随着人们的生活发生了巨大的变化,这个事实是不可否认的:网络问题,中国人民所面对的这个问题,变得非常的严重。

3:这里用severely来强调 serious,因为两者是同义词,一个是副词形式、一个是形容词,强调的效果更强。比becomes very serious效果强的不是一倍两倍。另建议作文中尽量少出现very,因为very/ 62

是一个很主观的词,你要阐述你的观点,摆事实讲道理,要客观、要有理有据。Very这个词太主观,基本没有说服力。怎么提升文章的说服力,后文有交代,先别着急。

4:with which Chinese people are faced,用得非常地道,把with提前到引导词which前,让句子的结构平衡。如果说which Chinese people are faced with,这样也可以,但是哪个更有技术含量大家一眼也能看出来。

5:这句话中两次出现“人们”这个词,如果你用两个people那你真是傻到家了,让老师感觉你的词穷了,露怯了。所以平时多积累些同义词,到时候尽情的卖弄吧。不要通篇都是I think,哪怕是有一个I believe也好很多。不要在老师面前显得你的词汇很薄弱。这句话中,用了citizen和people,把高级的放前面,一般的放后边,惯用法。/ 626、谚语的使用

有些意志品质类的文章,如果加入一句相关的谚语会让你的文章大放光彩。但是不能直接写句子。加一个模板句型:An ancient oriental philosopher said,“谚语”.一位古老东方的先哲曾经说过,….有同学说西方的谚语为什么用东方的先哲呢?比如:Where there is a will,there is a way.是西方的谚语,中国也有有志者,事竟成的语句。文化都是相通的,可以放心来用。以下是英语作文中常用的一些谚语。

7、你不得不知道的there be there be是一个非常有用的句型,不要以为简单句就是低级的。使用 “ there be ” 句型,可以将一个简单句,马上变成一个加入定语从句或者分词的复杂句。通篇的简单句、陈述句,没有句式变换的文章是得不到高分的。如何把一个简单句变成复合/ 62

句呢?举个例子:

Internet provides us with convenience.网络给我们提供便利。只是一句普通的陈述句,可能不会吸引老师的眼球。如果把它变成there be的结构并且引导一个定语从句那就太给力了。there is the very Internet which provides us with convenience.要善于利用陈述句>>>there be+定语从句的结构变化,多练几遍,考试时用一次。

五大润色作文密法——洞察细节,克敌先机

1、多使用被动句

因为你要阐述你对图画的观点,你不能总用some people say,others say,这样的句子很没有说服力,你自己写的时候都要怀疑一下。在一些出国类的考试的写作中,这些都是要坚决禁止的。因为这样一来你的文章说服力就差了,一旦文章没有说服力,你这篇文章也就徒有其表了。怎么增强你的/ 62

文章说服力呢,就是用被动语态,当做一个客观事实来陈述。汉语中用被动句较少,多使用没有人称的的主语或者“大家”“人们”,在英语中多使用被动句。在庖丁解牛中,那个科学统计法就用到了被动句,这里再举个例子。

Computers have been widely used in various fields.这样一个被动句是对事实的陈述,是一个议论文的标准格式。如果你把它改成一个主动句 We find some use of computers in various fields.感觉就很站不住脚。举这个例子是说明,被动句是我们的作文中应该出现的,通篇都是主动句,偶尔出现1~2个被动句会让你的文章增色不少。在你复习作文的时候,每天改写几个被动句,练习一下,不要到考场上现想。台上一分钟,台下十年功。

2、时态要统一

由于议论文是要阐述你的观点,很少涉及动作/ 62

发生的时间,所以写作中时态的运用很有限。最常使用的是一般现在时,其次是一般将来时和现在完成时,再次是一般过去时和现在进行时,其它时态用的相对不多。我写作的时候习惯是一般现在时,但要注意事态的统一,不要一会一般现在时,一会一般过去时,那样你的作文就彻底没高分了。

3、高级词汇的使用

在上一个帖子中写过一些这方面的东西但是不多,词汇的多变是考试评分标准中的一项,平时多积累一些同义词是大有好处的,这里给大家一个文档,对阅读中常见的同义词进行总结,让大家笑傲考场。

4、避免使用口语体得缩略形式

这个是书面英语和口语的一个大区别,大家千万要注意。比如It’s,can’t,what’s more(第二段连接用),CEO(举比尔盖茨的那个例子的时候用的)/ 62

这些缩略语都是不正式的书面英语,大家在写作中一定要避免,要写成 It is,can not,what is more,Chief Executive Officer,既然往18分冲击就要严格要求自己。

5、书写工整

英语作文评分细则的第一项就是书写工整。如果你的书法不好,那尽量写的整齐,写的像汉语拼音最好,起码清楚,不要龙飞凤舞的。研究生英语课老师点评我们作文的时候就说,有的同学的英语字母y和g那个勾拐得太大了,显得你的单词很乱。和大家共勉,我的书法也不是很好,最近也在练字。福利来啦——补充万能理由

这个是我在复习GRE的过程中,搜集到好的万能的句子,只把适合考研的一些句子抄了出来,对于一些词汇量较大的句子进行了改写,希望能对大家的万能理由的积累有一些帮助。补充前一篇没有/ 62的万能理由。依然是本篇最精华的地方。

积极理由

1、*** offers extensive opportunities for every country in the world.2、The majority of students believe that *** will provide them with more opportunities to develop their interpersonal skills ,which may put them in a favorable position in the future job markets.大部分学生相信***会使他们有更多机会发展人际交往能力,而这对他们未来找工作是非常有好处的.【这句话也是五星级的,***可以是part-time job、网络,文化交流等等,思路要开阔】

3、Judging from the social comprehensive factors, we can safely conclude that the Internet will change the lives of an untold number of people forever.根据社/ 62

会等综合因素,我们可以有把握地得出这样的结论:网络将永远改变无数人的生活。【科学统计法的有一个例子,把Internet换成文化,自信,合作也很OK了,而且用了safely conclude语气非常得体,推荐】

4、By taking a major-related ***, students can not only improve their academic studies, but also gain much experience, which they will never be able to get from the textbooks.学生不仅可以提高学习成绩,还可以获得在课本上学不到的经验。【兼职,网络,读书等等之类的话题】

5、For the majority of people, *** has become the focus of their lives and the source of their happine and contentment 对于很多人来说,***占据了他们的生活和充实了他们的生活。【适用很多积极类的话题,句式复杂多变,推荐】/ 62

消极理由

1、这里的万能理由,重点说一下not only but also这个五星搭配的用法。个人感觉很强大的一个句子,私下里多造几个句子。

主语+ not only results in+*** but also does harm to***since*** **不仅导致**而且对**有危害,因为*** 这个用法给出几个例子

Spending too much time on the games not only results in failure in their study but also does harm to their health since they keep still in front of the computer and watch the computer without blinking the eyes.Heavy burdens of homework not only results in the lo of interest in the study for students but also does/ 62

harm to the physical and mental health since the children are overworked and have no time for rest or relaxation.2、Never before in history has the iue of overpopulation been more evident than now.历史上,人口过剩的问题从来没有比现在更加突出。【适合一切消极类的话题,人口过剩、环境污染、攻的】

3、There is a growing worldwide awarene of the need for strengthened environmental protection.世界上越来越多的人认识到加强环境保护的必要性。【把加强环境保护可以换成消极类的主题】

4、Greed and a total lack of social consciousne have been cited as major reasons for the ever-increasing pollution.人们认为贪婪和社会意识的彻底缺乏是造成污染持续增加的主要原因。【把pollution换成交通等问题是不是很合适呢?有同学说交通怎么/ 62

能跟贪婪搭边呢?人要是没有开私家车的欲望,那也不会有这么车,也不会有那么多的交通问题。所谓万能理由能自圆其说就行,不必纠结于细节。另:ever-adj.是一个构词法,译为不断/一直...的,ever-increasing 译为不断增长的,是一个高级用法,希望版友们能学会这个用法】

5、Rapid economic growth may lead to an overextension of resources and lead to an eventual catastrophic meltdown.经济迅速增长可能导致过度使用资源,并引起最终巨大的灾难。【消极类的,比如经济过度增长、能源过度消耗,交通问题增多,都很适用】

解释说明意义

1、With the development of our society, the campus no longer is an “Ivory Tower”.随着社会的进步,大学/ 62

校园不再是一个象牙塔。【校园类的话题】

2、No invention has received more praise and abuse than Internet.没有一项发明象互联网同时受到如此多的赞扬和批评.【中性类话题适用】

3、An increasing number of people are beginning to realize that education is not complete with graduation.越来越多的人开始意识到教育不能随着毕业而结束.【换成读书,志愿者,弘扬文化之类的积极类话题】

4、A proper part-time job does not occupy student's too much time.In fact ,it is unhealthy for them to spend all of time on their study.As an old saying goes :All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.一份适当的业余工作并不会占用学生太多的时间,事实上,把全部的时间都用到学习上并不健康,正如那句老话:只工作,不玩耍,聪明的孩子会变傻.【把

/ 62

part-time job换成网络,运动什么的都很适合】

5、The direct correlation between self-esteem and succe also applies to one's ability to achieve.自尊和成功的直接联系也适用于一个人取得成就的能力。【适合意志品质类的文章,self-esteem可以换成自信、合作各种好的意志品质】

附件1:

英文翻译&写作第一反应词替换表

很多同学经常把第一反应词翻来覆去的用,这样的后果就是:第一,写文章时用词的质量一直上不去;第二,一直缺乏对背过的单词的应用以及通过应用的语境理解和辨析。下面,我给大家列举了我们在写作常用的那些第一反应词的替换表,旨在告诉大家,要让自己的语言表达能力书面化,多样化。

很多同学在翻译&写作的时候,往往想到某个意

/ 62

思,立刻脑子中想到都是例如I think, important, show, because, more and more等等这些词汇,这些词汇在英语教学中,我们称他们为第一反应词,所谓第一反应词,很好理解,就是每个人第一时间反应出来的这些表达。那么,如果要写出一篇高质量的文章,除了内容,词的使用能够表现出你的英语能力,我们很多同学的阅读词汇量远远大于写作词汇量,原因很简单,大家背了很多漂亮的单词,但是却从不给他们“出镜”的机会,而是把这些第一反应词翻来覆去的用,这样的后果就是:第一,写文章时用词的质量一直上不去;第二,一直缺乏对背过的单词的应用以及通过应用的语境理解和辨析。下面,我给大家列举了我们在写作常用的那些第一反应词的替换表,旨在告诉大家,要让自己的语言表达能力书面化,多样化。

through->in term of/via

/ 62

operate->manipulate offspring->descendant inevitable-dispensable detail->specific explain->interpret obvious->conspicuous hurt->vulnerable use->employ/utilize value->merit provide->lend->offer true->accurate

leading to->contribute to/ conduce to/result in more and more->increasing/growing hardly->merely->barely well-known->outstanding large->miraculous/marvelous

/ 62

although->albeit/notwithstanding in fact->actually/virtually

want->intend to/tend to/be inclined to because->in that may be->probably

to sum->to summarize/in conclusion explain->interpret/illustrate change->alert chance->alternative

custom->convention/tradition

think->contemplate/muse/meditate/retrospect arouse->ignite/stimulate/spur/motivate limit->stre/hinder/hamper key->crucial/vital/consequential old->ancient

/ 62

emphasis->accentuate devote to->dedicate to character->trait/individuality/idiosyncrasy/personality expect->anticipate join->participate delegate->representative

bias->prejudice/discriminate/tendency thrive->palmy/ floushing/prosperity clash->conflict/collision/ rencounter publicize->propagandize agree partly->agree with reserve proper->apposite want to->desire big city->metropolis lawmaking->legislation

/ 62

first->primarily

but->nonethele/neverthele child->juvenile absorb->aimilate hand in->render

undermine->sap/enervate/debilitate get into chaos->with chaos ensuing key->pivot/crux sway->vacillate

fanatic patriotism->jingoism/chauvinism persuasive->thorough/sound/specific/convincing consider->take into account

vague->gratuitous/unwarranted/oversimplified 其他:

1.individuals,characters, men and women, folks替换(people ,persons)

/ 62

2: positive, favorable, rosy(美好的),promising(有希望的),perfect, pleasurable , excellent, outstanding, superior替换good

3:dreadful, unfavorable, poor, adverse, ill(有害的)替换bad

4.(an army of, an ocean of, a sea of, a multitude of ,a host of, many, if not most)替换many.Eg.Many individuals, if not most, harbor the idea that„.同理 用most, if not all ,替换most.5: a slice of, quiet a few , several替换some 6:harbor the idea that, take the attitude that, hold the view that, it is widely shared that, it is universally acknowledged that)替think 7:affair ,busine ,matter 替换thing 8: shared 代 common shared interests 9.reap huge fruits 替换get many benefits

/ 62

10:for my part ,from my own perspective 替换 in my opinion

11:Increasing(ly),growing 替换more and more 12.little if anything, 或little or nothing替换hardly 13..beneficial, rewarding替换helpful, 14.shopper,client,consumer,purchaser, customer

15.exceedingly,extremely, intensely 替换very 16.hardly neceary, hardly inevitable...替换 unneceary, avoidable

17.sth appeals to sb, sth exerts a tremendous fascination on sb 替换sb take interest in / sb.be interested in

18.capture one's attention替换attract one's attention.19.facet,demension,sphere代aspect

/ 62

替换20.be indicative of ,be suggestive of ,be fearful of代 indicate, suggest ,fear

22.There are several reasons behind sth 替换..reasons for sth 23.desire 替换want.24.pour attention into 替换pay attention to 25.bear in mind that 替换remember 26.enjoy, poe 替换have 27.interaction替换communication

28.frown on sth替换 be against , disagree with sth 29.to name only a few, as an example替换 for example, for instance

30.next to / virtually impoible,替换nearly / almost impoible

/ 62

21.give rise to, lead to, result in, trigger 替换cause.1.important =crucial(extremely important),significant(amount or effect large enough to be important)

2.common=universal, ubiquitous(if something is ubiquitous, it seems to be everywhere)

3.abundant=ample(enough and usually extra), plentiful(enough for people's needs and wants)1 4.stick=adhere, cling(hold on something tightly)1 5.neglect=ignore.(difference:

neglect

means someone has not paid enough attention to something;ignore means no attention.)

6.near=adjacent(twothings next to each other), adjoin(the same as adjacent)'

7.pursue=woo(man woos woman, old-fashioned), seek(if you seek sth, you try to obtain it.FORMAL)8.accurate=precise(precise is exact and accurate in

/ 62

all details), exact(correct in every detail)

9.vague=obscure(unknown or known by only a few people)

10.top=peak, summit

11.competitor=rival, opponent(especially in sports and politics)1

12.blame=condemn(if you condemn something, you say it is very bad and unacceptable)

13.opinon=perspective, standpoint(means looking at an event or situation in a particular way)14.fame=prestige(describe those who are admired), reputation

15.build=erect(you can erect something as buildings, FORMAL), establish

16.insult=humiliate(do something or say something which makes people feel ashamed or stupid)

/ 62

17.complain=grumble(complain something in a bad-tempered way)

18.primary=radical(very important and great in degree), fundamental

19.relieve=alleviate(alleviate means you make pain or sufferings le intense or severe)

20.force=coerces into(coerce means you make someone do something s/he does not want to),compel

21.enlarge=magnify(magnify something larger than it really is)

22.complex=intricate(if something is intricate, it often has many small parts and details)

23.Lonely=solitary(if someone is solitary, there is no one near him/her)

24.small=minuscule(very small)

/ 62

means make 25.praise=extol(stronger than praise), who

is compliment(polite and political)26.hard-working=aiduous(someone aiduous works hard or does things very thoroughly 27.difficult=arduous(if something is arduous, it is difficult and tiring, and involves a lot of efforts)28.poor(soil)=barren, infertile(used to describe the soil is so poor that plants cannot be planted on it)29.fragile=brittle, vulnerable(someone who is vulnerable is easily hurt emotionally or physically)+ 30.show=demonstrate(to demonstrate a fact means tp make it clear to people.)

31.big=maive(large in size, quantity, or extent), coloal(use this word, you emphasize something’s large), tremendous(INFORMAL)

32.avoid=shun(if someone shuns something, s/he

/ 62

deliberately avoid that something or keep away from it.)

33.fair=impartial(someone who is impartial is able to give a fair opinion or decision on something.)34.attack=aault(physically attack someone), aail(attack violently

35.dislike=abhor(abhor means you hate something to a extreme extent for moral reasons), loathe(dislike very much)!

36.ruin=devastate(it means damage something very badly, or utterly destroy it.)

39.always=invariably(the same as always, but better than always)4

40.forever=perpetual(a perpetual state never changes), immutable(something immutable will never change or be changed)

/ 62

41.surprise=startle(it means surprise you slightly), astound(surprise you to a large degree),astonish(the same as astound)

42.enthusiasm=zeal(a great enthusiasm), fervency(sincere and enthusiasm)#

43.quiet=tranquil(calm and peaceful), serene(calm and quiet)!

44.expensive=exorbitant(it means too expensive that it should be)

45.luxurious=lavish(impreive and very expensive), sumptuous(grand and very expensive 46.boring=tedious(if

you

describe

something tedious, you mean it is boring and frustrating)47.respect=esteem(if you esteem someone, you respect and admire him/her.FORMAL)

48.worry=fret(if you fret about something, you

/ 62

worry about it)

49.cold=chilly(unpleasantly cold)

50.hot=boiling(very hot)51.dangerous=perilous(very and health)

52.nowadays=currently

53.only=unique(the only one of its kind), distinctive;54.stop=cease(if something ceases, it stops happening or existing)

55.part=component(the components of something are the parts that it is made of)(h

56.result=consequence(the results or effects of something)

57.obvious=apparent, manifest

/ 62

cold), icy(extremely

dangerous, hazardous(dangerous, especially to people's safety 58.basedon=derived fromcan see or notice them very easily)60.quite=fairly

61.pathetic=lamentable(very uncomfortable and disappointing)

62.field=domain(a particular field of thought, activities or interest)

63.appear=emerge(come into existence)64.whole=entire(the whole of something)8 65.wet=moist(slightly wet), damp(slightly wet), humid(very damp and hot)!

66.wrong=erroneous(incorrect or partly correct)67.difficult=formidable

68.change=convert(change into another form)69.typical=quinteential(this word means represent a typical example of something)

/ 62

70.careful=cautious(very careful in order to avoid danger), prudent(careful and sensible)

71.ability=capacity, capability(the same as ability)72.strange=eccentric(if some one is eccentric, s/he behaves in a strange way, or his/her opinion is different from most people)

73.rich=affluent(if you are affluent, you have a lot of money)

74.use= utilize(the same as use)

75.dubious=skeptical(if you are skeptical about something, you have doubts on it.)

76.satisfy=gratify(if you are gratified by something, it gives you pleasure and satisfaction)77.short=fleeting,ephemeral(if

something

is ephemeral, it lasts a short time)78.scholarship=fellowship

/ 62

79.angry=enraged(extremely angry)80.smelly=malodorous(used unpleasant smell)

81.ugly=hideous(if something is hideous, it is very ugly or unattractive)#

82.attractive=appealing(pleasing and attractive), absorbing(something absorbing can attract you a great deal)

83.diverse=miscellaneous(a miscellaneous groups consists of many different kinds of things)84.disorder=disarray, chaos

85.crazily=frantically(used to describe someone who behaves in a wild and uncontrolled way)

86.rapid=meteoric(ATTENTION: meteoric is only used to describe someone achieves succe quickly)87.ordinary=mundane(very ordinary and not at

/ 62

to describe an

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