语法之一般过去时_英语语法之一般过去时

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一般过去时一、一般过去时态定义

表示过去某一时间所发生的动作或存在的状态。谓语动词要用一般过去式。经常与yesterday, last week, last month, last year, two months ago, the day before yesterday，in 1990, in those days等表示过去的时间状语连用。

如： I was born in 1990.When did you go to the park?

I went to the park last week.二、一般过去时态句子结构

在上面的句子中第一句属于be动词的一般过去时态；第二句和第三句属于实义动词的一般过去时态。

1． Be 动词的一般过去时态

在没有实义动词的句子中使用be动词，am is 的过去式为was;are的过去式为were.构成：

肯定句：主语+was(were)+表语如：I was late yesterday.否定句：主语+was(were)+not+表语如：We weren't late yesterday.She wasn't a teacher three years ago.疑问句：一般疑问句：Was(Were)+主语+表语如：Were you ill yesterday?

Were they once your clamates？

肯定回答： Yes, I was.否定句： No, I wasn't.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+ Was(Were)+主语+表语

Who were your best friends in your primary school?

2.实义动词的一般过去时态

肯定句要使用动词的过去式，否定句和疑问句要使用助动词do和 does 的过去式 did.肯定句为：主语+动词过去式+宾语如：I went home at nine o'clock yesterday.否定句：主语+didn't +动词原形+宾语如：I didn't go home yesterday.He didn't tell me about you.疑问句：一般疑问句：Did +主语+动词原形+宾语如：Did you go home yesterday?

Did you study in the school?

肯定回答： Yes, I did.否定回答：No, I didn't.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+did +主语+动词原型+宾语

When did you finish your homework last night?

What did you do the day before yesterday?

3.助动词和情态动词过去式如下：

shall―should（将要）用于第一人称单数

will―would（将要）用于所有人称

can― could（能，会）may―might（可以）must―must（必须）

have to―had to（不得不）

助动词和情态动词的过去时态要使用他们的过去式，后面的动词还使用原形。

如： I had to do my homework yesterday.(昨天我不得不做作业。)

三、一般过去时态动词变化形式

一般过去时态由动词的过去式表示。大多数动词的过去式是在动词原形后加上ed构成。这类动词称为规则动词。

1）一般情况下在词尾直接加ed。如：play―played work―worked

2）以e结尾的动词只加d.如：like---liked love―loved

3）以辅音字母+Y结尾的动词，变Y为I，再加ed.如：study―studied carry―carried

4）以重读闭音节结尾的动词，如果末尾只有一个辅音字母，要双写最后这个辅音字母，再加ed.如：stop―stopped

--ed的读音规则如下：

① 在清辅音后面读[t].work―worked [wE:kt] help―helped [helpt]

② 在浊辅音或元音后读[d].learn―learned [lE:nd]

③ 在[t] 和[d] 后读[id].support―supported [sE'pC:tid]支持

5）不以ed 结尾的过去式，称为不规则动词。我们常用的有:

am(是)--was, is（是）--was, are（是）--were, begin（开始）--began,bring（拿来）--brought, can（能）--could, catch（捉住）--caught, come（来）--came, cut（砍，割）--cut, dig（挖，掘）--dug, do（做，干）--did, draw（画画,拉）--drew, drink（喝）--drank, drive（驾驶）--drove, eat（吃）--ate, fall（跌倒，落下）--fell, feel（感觉）--felt, fly（飞）--flew, get（获得）--got, give（给）---gave, go（去）--went, grow（生长）--grew, have(has)（有）--had, hurt（伤害）--hurt, keep（保持）--kept, know（知道，认识）--knew, learn（学习）--learnt, leave（离开）--left, let（让）--let, lie（躺，平放）--lay, make（使得，做）--made, may（可以）--might, must（必须）--must, read（读）--read, ride（骑）--rode, ring（鸣铃）--rang, run（跑）--ran, say（说）--said, see（看见）--saw, sell（卖）--sold, send（送）--sent, set（放）--set, sing（唱歌）--sang, sit（坐）--sat, sleep（睡觉）--slept, smell（闻）--smelt, speak（说话）--spoke, spend（花费）--spent, stand（站立）--stood, swim（游泳）--swam, take（拿到）--took, teach（教）--taught, tell（告诉）--told, think（认为）--thought, throw（投掷）--threw, understand（懂得）--understood, wake（唤醒）--woke, wear（穿）--wore, will（将要）--would, win（获胜）--won, write（写）--wrote四、一般过去时态句型转换绕口令

一般过去时态并不难，过去发生的事情记心间。

主要句型“主动宾”，“主系表”结构也常见。

“主动宾”否定很简单，didn't 放在主、动间。

“主系表”否定也不难，was/ were后not 紧相连。

“主动宾”变成疑问式，did 放在主语前。

“主系表”疑问也好办，was/ were 提到主语前。

疑问、否定随你变，动词过去式要还原。

一般过去时专项练习

一、用所给词的适当形式填空。

1.He ___(be)born in Shanghai.2.Tom ___(go)to see the movies yesterday.3.She ___(stay)at home and ____(do)her homework last night.2

4.Last year, he ___(work)in Xi’an.5.What ___ you ___(do)yesterday? We ___(take)some photos.6.What day ___(be)it yesterday? It___(be)Monday.7.Mr.Green___(come)to Beijing two years ago.8.How ___ you ___(spend)your holiday? I ___(visit)some places of interest.9.Mr.Wang ___(be)free yesterday.He ___(fly)a kite with her son.10.I ___(not do)my homework just now.I ____(clean)my bedroom.二、单项选择。

()

1、My father __________football every week.A.played B.plays C.playing()

2、I played basketball in the playground __________ weekend.A.last B.next C.this()

3、My grandparents __________ in the evenings.A.watches B.watch TV C.watched TV()

4、Did Rose __________ last Sunday? A.went swimming B.read a book C.taking pictures()

5、Tom __________ very happy last night..A.looks B.is C.was()

6、Three days __________ , I will be back to Shunde.A.before B.later C.soon()

7、__________ the second day , I rowed a boat in the river.A.In B.On C.At()8.__________ was your last trip? Last weekend.A.When B.Where C.How()

9、What __________ you __________ for the last day of the holiday? A.do, do B.did, do C.do, did()

10、It was a long holiday.They_____ Shanghai on Mar.2nd and ______ to Harbin on the 3rd.A.leave, got B.left , get C.left, got()

11、She __________ homework last night.A.doesn’t , do B.don’t ,did C.didn’t ,do()

12、He has nothing to do.He is __________.A.tired B.angry C.bored()13.What did you do __________ your holiday ?

A.in B.on C.at()14.He __________ in the river last week.A.swam B.swims C.swum()15.--Can you __________?--Yes, I __________ last night.A.dance, danced B.dances, dance C.danced ,danced

三、根据汉语意思完成英语句子

1．你去邮局用了多长时间？

_______ _________did it_______ you to get to the post office.2．他们在伦敦拍了许多照片。

They_______ lots of _______in London.3．他爸爸三年前买了那辆汽车。

His father ________ that car _______ _______ _______.4．上周五我们坐公共汽车回家的。

Last Friday we ______ a bus to ______ _________.5．我们全家人昨天下午一起去公园散步了。

Our family _______ _______ _______ _______ in the park yesterday afternoon.6．玛丽小时候经常骑车上学。

Mary usually ______ _______ school ________ bike when she _______ young.7．去你的新房用了多长时间？

_______ _________did it_______to get to your new house.8．我们在公园里拍了许多照片。

We_______ lots of _______in the park.9．他们在一家小餐馆里吃晚饭。

They________ ________ in a small restaurant.10．明天我打算坐公共汽车回家。

Tomorrow I am going to take a bus to______ _________.四、句型转换