化学工程与工艺专业英语试题_化学工程与工艺英语

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Final Examination of English for Chemistry Major

Cla ＿＿Number＿＿Name＿＿Score＿＿

I.Choose the Best item to fill in the blanks.A.1860B.1800C.1790D.1856

made the Haber proce for ammonia industrialized.A.Carl BuschB.Fritz HaberC.Willim Henry Perkin D.Calvin

3.not included in the types of Industrial Research and Development.A.product development B.proce development C.manufacturing improvementD.application development

A.nine million B.one million C.ten million D.a hundred million

5.The main constituents of plants are A.oxygenB.waterC.carbonD.carbonhydrates

6.Organic chemicals mainly come from oil,natural gas,and A.metalB airC waterD coal

A 80%B 99%C 70%D 79%

A sulphuric acidB chlor-alkali C polytheneD carbondioxide

sector provides the key intermediates to building block.A chlor-alkali productsB dyestuffsC pharmaceuticals D petrochemicals

10.Of all soda-ash, 50% is sold to the A buildingB paper-makingC transportation D gla –making

is the chemical that is produced in the largest tonnage.A carbonB oxygenC sulphuric acidD ammonia

makes up three quarters of the air we breathe.A hydrogenB oxygen C dinitrogenD nitrogen

13.Almost all explosives are ultimately derive from A ureaB nitric acidC sulphuric acidD ammonia

14.The most significant constituents of petroleum are A nitrogenB sulfurC hydrocarbonsD oxygen

showed that thermodynamically the reaction of nitrogen with hydrogen is feasible.A Friz HaberB NernstC BoschD Mittasch

II.Answer the following questions according to the texts.1.What is the definition of the chemistry industry?Page 2

2.What are the types of Research and Development that is most concern to the chemical industry?Page16

3.What are the basic components of a typical chemical proce?

Page22

4.Can you describe some of the typical activities of the chemical engneer?Page25

5.What are the advantages of fermentation methods?Page39

6.where is the major cost item in industrial chemical procees spent?page45

7.what is the original purpose of basic chemical industry?page51

8.can you write down the equation of the basic reactions of brine electrolysis ?page60

III.Translate the following sentences into Chinese.1.It is therefore apparent that, because of its diversity of operations and links in many areas with other industries, there is no simple definition of the chemical industry.2.The terminology used to labe these functions is by no means uniform from company to company, but a rose by any other name is still a rose.3.The claical role of the chemical engineer is to take the discoveries made by the chemist in the laboratory and develop them into money-making,commercial-scale chemical procees.4.Crushing and grinding of the solids followed by sieving may achieve some physical separation because of differing particle size.5.this situation means that companies must always be on their toes looking for new and more economical ways of making and

transforming their raw materials.IV.choose the right word from the list given below with proper form for each blank.refer tocarriedmanufacturingtermdistinction

separateproceexamplewhereasdescribe

Research and development , or R&D as it is ,is anout by all sectors of industry but its extent varies considerably , as we will see shortly.Let us first understand , or atbetween research and development is not always clear-cut, and there is often considerable overlap, we will attempt to them.In simple terms research can be thought of ideas into practice asand products.To illustrate this with predicting the structure of a new molecule which would have a specific biological activity and synthesizing it could be seen as research, testing it and developing

it to the point where it could be marketed as a new drug could beas the development part.Key:

I.1-5 BACCD6-10 DBDDD11-15 CCBCD

II.(1)nowdays there would have been little difficulty in defining what constituted the chemical industry since only a very limited range of products was manufactured and these were clearly chemical.(2)(i)product development(ii)proce development(iii)proce improvement and applications development

(3)Raw material storage Feed preparation Reaction  Product separation  product purification  Product storage  Sale

(4)the chemical engineer is involved in development ,design ,construction ,operation ,sales ,and reseach.(5)they are very selective and that some chemical which are structurally very complex ,and therefore extremely difficult to synthesize ,and require a multi-stage synthesis ,are easilymade.(6)separation and purification of product is a major cost item in industry chemical proce.(7)the job of the basic chemical industry is to find economical ways of turning raw materials into useful intermedieates.(8)Anode 2Cl-－2e- Cl2

Cathode 2H2O + 2e-H2 + 2OH-

III.1.因此很显然，由于其操作的多样性及与其他诸多领域的紧密联系，化学工业很难得到一个简单的定义。

2.用来描述这些功能的术语在各个公司不尽相同，但其实质是相同的，不过是旧瓶装新酒罢了。

3.传统意义上化学工程师的角色只是把化学家们在实验室里的发现拓展研发为可以赚钱的，商业规模的化学流程。

4.由于颗粒大小不同，经过碾压磨碎后的固体可通过过滤实现物理分离。

5.在这种情势下，公司必须花费更多心思去寻找新的、更经济的方法来制造和转换他们的原材料。

IV.page25