英语翻译习题_英语翻译习题及答案
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(1)Same Meaning, Same Structure 趁热打铁
to strike while the iron is hot 火上加油
to pour oil on the flame 一箭双雕
to kill two birds with one stone 混水摸鱼
to fish in the troubled waters 眼不见，心不烦out of sight, out of mind(2)Same Meaning, Same Rhetoric 轻如鸿毛 as light as a feather 面如土色 as pale as ashes 稳如泰山 as steady as the mountain 易如反掌 as easy as turning over one's hand(3)Different Figures(喻体形象不同)健壮如牛 as strong as a horse 害群之马 a black sheep 杀鸡取卵 to kill the goose that lays the golden eggs 血流如注 to bleed like a pig 艳若桃李 as red as rose;like lilies and roses 掌上明珠apple of somebody's eye 1.Literal Translation
直译法
沧海一粟a grain in the ocean 海底捞针to fish up a needle from the sea 顺水推舟 to push the boat with the current 猫哭耗子
谋事在人成事在天
2.Liberal Translation 意译法 摩拳擦掌to roll up one’s sleeves
青黄不接before the green corn grows and after the while crop is consumed 水落石出 The truth will prevail in the end.顺手牵羊
噤若寒蝉
立竿见影
4.Using English Equivalences 套译法
煽风点火to fan the flame 千钧一发to hang by a thread 猫哭老鼠 to shed crocodile tears
英汉成语字面意义与蕴涵意义基本一致
混水摸鱼
眼见为实
隔墙有耳
比喻意义一致，但比喻形象不同
挥金如土
缘木求鱼
挂羊头卖狗肉
东张西望 1.Keep Original Image保留形象直译
井底之蛙 to be like a frog at the bottom of a well 调虎离山to lure the tiger from the mountain 口蜜腹剑 to be honey-mouthed and dagger-hearted
保留形象节译
他知道黄鼠狼给鸡拜年，没安好心。
He realized that it was a case of the weasel coming to pay his respects to the hen.竹篮打水一场空！We were drawing water in a bamboo basket.2.Transform Original Image转换形象----套译
这位小姐，德性温良，才貌出众，鲁老先生和夫人因无子息，爱如掌上明珠。I know the young lady, and she is virtuous, gentle and beautiful.Because Mr.and Mrs.Lu have no son, this girl is the apple of their eye.―土埋半截了……‖
I’ve got one foot in the grave.涸泽而渔 to drain a pond to catch all the fish 打草惊蛇 to stir up the gra and alert the snake
玩火自焚 to get burnt by the fire kindled by oneself 对牛弹琴to play the lute to a cow 画蛇添足to draw a snake and add feet to it
to kill the goose that lays the golden eggs to wake a sleeping dog to fry in one’s own grease to cast pearls before swine to paint the lily
3.Discard Original Image舍弃形象意译
―我是想：咱们是孔夫子搬家，净是书（输）。‖ Only I feel bad when we lose every fight 等他们赶来增援时，已是―正月十五贴门神——晚了半月啦‖.But they were too late for rescue when they arrived 我这个人你耶知道，说话向来是『袖筒里入棒槌』——直出直入。
You know me well –I speak frankly and to the point.毛遂自荐to volunteer one’s service 四面楚歌to be besieged on all sides 锱铢必较to haggle over every penny 罄竹难书(of crimes)too numerous to mention 初出茅庐at the beginning of one’s career
舟山群岛，位于中国大陆东海岸、长江入海口，宛如一串璀璨的明珠，镶嵌在海天之间。这里有―千岛之城‖独特的山海风光，更是中国首个海洋经济国家级新区。在这片热土上，浙江海洋学院东海科学技术学院正迎着舟山群岛新区建设的历史机遇，蓬勃发展。
Zhoushan Archipelago is located at the estuary of the eastern coast, just like a string of bright pearls inlaid between the sea and sky.With its unique scenery of seas and mountains, Zhoushan Archipelago is the first state-level new area of marine economy in China.On this hot land, Donghai Scientific & Technological College of Zhejiang Ocean University is flourishing by meeting the historical opportunity in the building of Zhoushan Archipelago New Area.作用力与反作用力大小相等、方向相反。
Action and reaction are opposite and equal.月球自转得很慢，因此，月球上一天有地球上两个礼拜那么长。(rotate)The moon rotates rather slowly, hereby one day in the moon is as long as two weeks in the earth.数百万年之前，固体冰层造就了欧洲和北美的湖泊与山川。
Solid layers of ice formed the lakes and hills of Europe and North America millions of years ago.l970年4月l3日罗尔和布朗从世界石油公司搜集到l34号水泥的样品/目的——分析不能凝固的原因。
13/4/70 Royal and Brown collected samples of cement type 134 from World oil/purpose — analysis of failure to solidify.这台新发电机最近才生产出来。
This new generator has recently been produced.最近20年来医学有了长足的进步。
Medicine has made great progre in the last twenty years.人的体温是靠消耗血液中的糖份来维持的。
Our bodies are heated by the consumption of sugar in the blood.轮工业设计多元化的发展前景
On the Multidimensional Prospect of Industrial Design 快速成形技术在工业设计中的应用
Application of Rapid Prototyping Technology in Industrial Design 科学家的梦想实现了。
Scientists’ dream has come true
如果全世界所有的冰都融化的话，那么，海洋的水位会上升约250英尺。
If all the ice in the world melted, the level of the sea would rise about 250 ft.需要有关哪种罐头产品最普及的资料。
Information is needed as to which brand of canned goods is most popular.如果一种实验方法有理由继续存在下去的话，除了别的因素之外，还必须满足两个条件。
There are two conditions, among many others, which must be satisfied by an experimental method if its continuance is to be justified.我们只有掌握丰富的科学知识，才能在现代社会中获得成功。
Only by obtaining a good knowledge of science, can we live succefully in modern society.我们应该重视智力开发，把以发展教育和科学技术作为重点的文化建设放在十分重要的地位，这是我国实现经济振新的必要前提。
We should stre the intellectual resources, giving priority to the development of culture which focuses on the promotion of education and science and technology.This is a prerequisite for invigorating China’s national economy.中国的科技发展，一般人都以为是不成功的，其实这是十分错误的结论。本世纪初，中国可以说完全没有近代科技知识，真正―从零开始‖。
Most people view China's development in science and technology as a failure.This view is entirely wrong.In the beginning of this century, China can be considered as having no knowledge of modem science and technology at all.It was literally “starting from scratch”.1.2011年是中国城市化进程中的历史性时刻，其城市人口首次超过农村人口。
The year of 2011, is the historical year in the proce of China’s urbanization.It is in this year that the urban population excees rural population for the first time，2.在未来20年里，预计约有3.5亿农村人口将移居到城市，如此规模的城市发展对城市交通来说既是挑战，也是机遇。
It’s predicted that there will be about 350 million rural population migrating to the urban areas in the next 20 years.Such a large scale of migration to the city is both an opportunity and a challenge to the urban transportation.3.中国政府一直提倡―以人为本‖的发展理念，强调人们以公交而不是私家车出行。
The Chinese government always claims the idea of people-oriented development, and emphasizes the priority of public vehicles over private cars.4.它还号召建设―资源节约和环境友好型‖社会。
It also appeals to build a society which is resources conserved and environmental friendly.5.有了这个明确的目标，中国城市就可以更好地规划其发展，并把大量投资转向安全、清洁和经济型交通系统的发展上。
With this specific goal, the Chinese can make better plan of its urbanization and convert large amount of its investment to the development of safe, clean and economical transport system.The year of 2011, in which the urban population excees rural population for the first time, is the historical year in the proce of China’s urbanization.It’s predicted that there will be about 350 million rural population migrating to the urban areas
in the next 20 years.Such a large scale of migration to the city is both an opportunity and a challenge to the urban transportation.The Chinese government always claims the idea of people-oriented development, and emphasizes the priority of public vehicles over private cars.It also appeals to build a society which is resources conserved and environmental friendly.With this specific goal, the Chinese can make better plan of its urbanization and convert large amount of its investment to the development of safe, clear and economical transport system.
