高考英语总复习之名词性从句_高考名词性从句总复习
高考英语总复习之名词性从句由刀豆文库小编整理，希望给你工作、学习、生活带来方便，猜你可能喜欢“高考名词性从句总复习”。
高考英语复习--------名词性从句用法及真题解析
名词性从句是高考英语中非常重要的部分，它能使得英语的句子长度加长，内容丰富且句型多样。高中阶段的英语学习基本涉及了所有的名词性从句常用句法，因此高考也在各种题型中考查同学们对此项语法的掌握。同学们除了应具有基本的语法知识，如能分析句中的主、谓、宾等基本成份，更重要的应该培养一定的逻辑分析能力，能够正确判断出句与句之间的主、次关系及语意关联；能够分析得出主、从句（可以根据连接词的位臵），通过对题意的正确理解判断使用何种连接词。同时注意句中的语序，时态及主谓一致问题。考点1 主语从句
引导主语从句的连接词主要有三类： 连接词that，whether；
连接代词what，who，whose，whatever，whichever，whoever等； 连接副词when，where，why，how等。1．连接词that，whether引导
①That the college will take in more new students this year is true． 今年这所大学将招收更多新生是真的。
②Whether he can finish his task on time is of great importance． 他是否能按时完成任务非常重要。【注】(1)if不能引导主语从句。
(2)形式主语it替代主语从句。常见的it替代主语从句的句式主要有以下几种：
A．It+系动词+形容词+that从句。如： It is quite clear that the whole project is doomed to failure． 很清楚，整个计划注定要失败。B．It+系动词+名词+that从句。如：
It is our hope that the two sides will work towards peace． 我们的希望是双方能朝着和平的方向发展。C．It+be+v．ed形式+that从句。如：
It is announced that the plan has been succefully carried out． 据宣布计划已经顺利实施。2．连接代词引导
①What we can’t get seems better than what we already have． 我们得不到的东西似乎比我们拥有的东西好。②who the letter was from is still unknown． 这封信是谁寄出的还不清楚。
③Whichever of you gets here first will get the prize． 你们当中第一个到达这里的人将获得奖项。3．连接副词引导
①How acupuncture reduces and relieves pain is unclear． 针灸是如何减轻和解除疼痛的还不清楚。
②why dinosaurs suddenly disappeared still remains a mystery． 恐龙为什么突然消失了还是个谜。考点2 宾语从句
引导宾语从句的连接词主要有三类： 连接词that，whether，if等，连接代词what，who，whose，whatever，whichever，whoever等，连接副词when，where，why，how等。1．连接词that，whether，if引导
①I think(that)you should turn to the teacher for help． 我认为你应该向老师寻求帮助。
②I don’t know if/whether he still lives here after so many years． 我不知道这么多年后他是否还住在这儿。
【注】whether/if都意为“是否”。一般情况下，它们可以互换，口语中常用if，但以下情况中，只能用whether。(1)与or not紧接连用时。如：
Let me know whether or not you can come． 请让我知道你是否能来。(2)作介词的宾语从句时。如：
We are interested in whether you will attend the meeting． 我们对你是否参加会议感兴趣。
2．连接代词what，who，whose，whatever，whichever，whoever等如：
①She asked me whose handwriting was the best in the cla． 她问我班上谁的书法最好。
②I’ll just say whatever comes into my mind． 我想到什么就说什么。
3.连接副词引导when，where，why，how等 ①Do you know when the ancient Olympic Games began? 你知道古代的奥运会是什么时间开始的吗? ②I’ve been thinking about how we can make the newspaper more interesting． 我一直在考虑如何使我们的报纸更用趣。4．宾语从句的语序
在宾语从句中要用陈述句语序。如：
①He asked me when we could set out the next day． 他问我第二天什么时候可以出发。②Did you find out where she lost her car? 你查出她在哪里丢的车了吗? 5．宾语从句的时态
(1)当主句的谓语动词是一般现在时时，其宾语从句的时态可以是任何适当的时态。①She says(that)she works from Monday to Friday． 她说她周一至周五上班。(从句是一般现在时)②she says(that)she will leave a meage on his desk． 她说她要在他桌子上留个便条。(从句是一般将来时)③She says(that)she has never been to Mount Emei． 她说她从来没有去过峨眉山。(从句是现在完成时)(2)当主句的谓语动词是一般过去式时，其宾语从句的时态一般要用适当的过去时态。如：
①He said there were no claes yesterday afternoon． 他说昨天下午没有课。(从句是一般过去时)②He said that he was going to take care of the baby． 他说他会去照看这个婴儿。(从句是过去将来时)③He said that they were having a meeting at that time． 他说他们那时正在开会。(从句是过去进行时)(3)当宾语从句是表达客观真理和规律的句子时，其时态仍旧用一般现在时。如：
①The teacher told us that nothing is difficult if we put our hearts into it． 老师告诉我们世上无难事，只怕有心人。②He said that light travels much faster than sound． 他说光比声音传播得快。
【注】在使用宾语从句时需要注意下面几点：
(1)动词find，feel，think，consider，make，believe，gue，suppose，aume等后有宾语补足语时，则需要用it作形式宾语，而将that宾语从句后臵。如：
①I think it neceary that we take plenty of boiled water every day． 我认为每天多喝开水是有必要的。②I have made it a rule that I keep diaries． 我每天写日记成了惯例。
(2)hate，like，take，owe，have，take for granted等表示“喜欢；痛恨；认为”的动词或动词短语和see to表示“注意，留意”后有宾语补足语时，需要用it作形式宾语而将宾语从句后臵。如：
①I hate it when they talk with their mouth full of food． 我讨厌他们满嘴食物说话。②When you start the engine，you must see to it that the car is in neutral． 启动发动机时，一定要使汽车的离合器处于空档位臵。(3)介词后的宾语从句。如：
①She is always thinking of how she can do more for others． 她总想着如何才能为别人做得更多。
②We are talking about whether we admit students into our club． 我们正在讨论是否让学生加入我们的俱乐部。
(4)宾语从句的否定转移。将think，believe，suppose，expect，fancy，imagine等动词后面宾语从句的否定词转移到主句中，即主句的谓语动词用否定式，而从句的谓语动词用肯定式。如：
①I don’t think I know you．我想我并不认识你。②I don’t believe he will come．我相信他不回来。考点
3、表语从句
常由连接词that，whether；连接代词who，whom，whose，which，what，whoever，whomever，whichever，whatever；连接副词when，where，how，why引导。1．连接词引导
①The reason for his absence is that he hasn’t been informed.他缺席的原因就是他没接到通知。
②The question remains whether they will be able to help us． 问题还是他们能否帮我们。2．连接代词和连接副词引导
①The problem is who will take charge of this shop． 问题是谁将接管这家店铺。
②That is when I realized the importance of journalism． 那时我才意识到新闻工作的重要性。
【注】(1)as/as if/as though引导的表语从句常跟在特定动词后面，如seem，appear，look，taste，sound，feel等。如：
①It sounds as if someone is knocking at the door． 听上去好像有人在敲门。
②At that time，it seemed as though I couldn’t think of the right word． 当时我似乎怎么也想不出一个恰当的字眼来。
(2)当主句的主语是reason时，表语从句一般由that引导，这种用法常见于句型The reason why…is that…。如：
The reason why he came late was that he got up late．他来得晚是因为起床晚了。
考点4 同位语从句
同位语从句在句子中作某一名词的同位语，一般位于该名词之后，说明该名词的具体内容。这些名词常见的有idea，fact，news，hope，belief，thought，doubt，promise，suggestion，order等。
1．通常用连词that引导同位语从句，that无词义，也不作句子成分，但不能省略。注意从句用陈述句语序。如：
①They expreed the hope that we would go and visit Shanghai again． 他们表示希望我们再去访问上海。②I have no idea that she quit her present job． 我不知道她辞掉了现在的工作。
③Give me your promise that you will come to our party this evening． 答应我，你今天晚上会来参加我们的聚会。
2．同位语从句还可以用whether，when，where，why，how等引导。如：
①The student asked me the question whether the book was worth reading． 学生问了我这个问题：这本书是否值得一读。
②I have no idea why he was excited at that time．我不知道当时他激动的原因。
．
考点5 名词性从句需要注意的事项
1．that的用法。在主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中that一般不能够省略；在宾语从句中有时可以省略，一般需要注意下面两点：(1)当that从句作介词宾语时，that不能省略。如：
They share little in common except that they are from the same country． 除了来自同一个国家之外，他们几乎没有共同点。
(2)当主句谓语动词后接两个或两个以上的宾语从句时，可以省略第一个that，其他的不省略。如：
I believe(that)you’ve done your best and that things will improve． 我相信你已经尽力了，而且情况也会得到改善。
2．that与what的区别。that在从句中不能够充当句子成分，也没有含义；what可以在从句中作主语、表语、宾语或定语，意思是”什么，……的事情”。如： ①The hope that he may recover is not gone yet． 他会康复的希望没有消失。②What he said proved to be true． 他所说的话证明是正确的。
3．定语从句与同位语从句的区别。定语从句是从句对其先行词的修饰或限制；而同位语从句是对从句前面的抽象名词作进一步的说明和解释。如： ①The news that our team has won the game was true． 我们队赢了那场比赛的消息是真的。②The news that he told me yesterday was true． 昨天他告诉我的那个消息是真的。
③I made a promise that if anyone set me free I would make him very rich． 我许诺如果谁让我自由，我就让他非常富有。
④The mother made a promise that pleased all her children． 妈妈许下了一个令她的孩子们高兴的诺言。
十年高考【2002-2011】英语分类汇编----名词性从句
1（2011北京卷22）________ Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and happine.A.Which
B what
C.That
D.Whom 2（2011北京卷31）The shocking news mad me realize _____terrible problems we would face.A.what
B.how
C.that
D.why
3（2011上海卷31）There is clear evidence _____ the most difficult feeling of all to interpret is bodily pain.A.what
B.if
C.how
D.that
4（2011上海卷38）The meage you intend to convey through words may be the exact opposite of _____ others actually understand.A.why
B.that
C.which
D.what 5（2011山东卷26）I am afraid he’s more of a talker than a doer, which is ______ he never finishes anything.A.that
B.when
C.where
D.why
6（2011山东卷33）We’ve offered her the job, but I don’t know______ she’ll accept it.A.where
B.what
C.whether
D.which 7（2011江西卷26）The villagers have already known ______ we’ll do is to rebuild the bridge.A.this
B.that
C.what
D.which 8（2011江苏卷26）It was never clear _______ the man hadn’t reported the accident sooner.A.that
B.how
C.when
D.why
9（2011安徽卷33）His writing is so confusing that it’s difficult to make out _____it is he is trying to expre.A.that
B.how
C.who
D.what
10（2011四川卷10）Our teachers always tell us to believe in ________ we do and who we are if we want to succeed.A.why
B.how
C.what
D.which 11（2011辽宁卷23）Twenty students want to attend the cla that aims to teach ___to read first.A.what
B.who
C.how
D.why
12（2011辽宁卷32）When the news came_________the war broke out, he decided to serve in the army.A.since
B.which
C.that
D.because 13（2011天津卷13）Modern science has given clear evidence ______ smoking can lead to many diseases.A.what
B.which
C.that
D.where 14（2011陕西卷15）I’d like to start my own busine–that’s ____ I’d do if I had the money.A.why
B.when
C.which
D.what 15（2011重庆卷22）It is still under discuion __________the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not.A.whether
B.when
C.which
D.where
