中非合作论坛第四届部长级会议经贸举措内容解读_中非合作论坛会议

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中非合作论坛第四届部长级会议经贸举措内容解读

2010/05/20

2010-05-05 14:04 文章来源：商务部西亚非洲司

2009年11月，中非合作论坛第四届部长级会议上，温家宝总理代表中国政府宣布了中非务实合作新8项举措。会上，中非双方还通过了《中非合作论坛沙姆沙伊赫行动计划（2010至2012年）》，对未来三年的合作进行了全面规划。按照中方在会上做出的承诺，在经贸合作领域，未来三年中方将实施八个方面的新举措，涉及农业和粮食生产，医疗卫生和重大疾病防治，教育、培训和学者交流，清洁能源和卫生用水，提供贷款，促进贸易，减免债务，扩大投资等内容。

新举措是中国政府在新形势下推动中非新型战略伙伴关系全面发展采取的重大措施，充分体现了中方高度重视中非传统友好，在平等互利的基础上开展对非合作，推动建设持久和平、共同繁荣和谐世界的良好愿望。

中国政府将和非洲国家一道，认真落实经贸举措的各项内容，继续深化中非务实合作，携手应对金融危机和气候变化等挑战；帮助非洲国家不断改善基础设施，巩固经济和社会发展基础；支持非洲国家减贫努力，提高农业、教育和医疗水平，改善民生；加大人力资源开发合作力度，着力为非洲培训培养一批经济社会发展急需的技术和管理人才。

举措一：加强农业交流与合作，帮助非洲国家提高粮食生产能力。将为非洲国家援建农业技术示范中心的数量增至20个，派遣50个农业技术组。

政策解读：农业是大部分非洲国家的支柱产业和优先发展领域，粮食安全事关非洲的稳定发展和脱贫减困。中国一贯重视与非洲开展农业领域的合作，根据非洲各国的需求，充分发挥中方在农业技术、人员、资金等方面的优势，通过传授和推广先进农业生产管理经验和实用技术，帮助非洲国家加快农业发展，推动实现粮食自给和脱贫减困的基本目标。2006年中非合作论坛北京峰会以来，中国政府积极落实胡锦涛主席在峰会上宣布的农业援助措施。目前中方已在非洲启动了15个农业技术示范中心援建项目，其中13个已开工建设。中方还派遣了104名高级农业专家赴33个非洲国家工作。未来三年内，中方将加快现有农业技术示范中心项目的建设，并使援建农业技术示范中心的数量增至20个，派遣50个农业技术专家组到非洲开展农业技术合作，提供政策规划咨询服务，培育优良品种，传授推广农业实用技术，帮助非洲国家提高农业发展和粮食安全保障能力。

举措二：加强医疗卫生领域合作，帮助非洲国家改善医疗条件并提高防治疟疾、保障人民健康的能力。为援非30所医院和30个疟疾防治中心提供价值5亿元人民币的医疗设备和抗疟物资。

政策解读：医疗卫生领域一直是中非合作的重点领域。长期以来，非洲人民饱受疟疾等疾病困扰，为帮助非洲国家改善医疗条件并提高防治疟疾、保障人民健康的能力，过去三年，根据非洲国家的实际需求，中方在非洲实施了援助30所医院、设立30个疟疾防治中心、提供青蒿素药品等一系列医疗卫生领域援助项目。同期，还派遣了900多名医疗队员到非洲42个国家工作，累计诊断病人500多万人次，帮助非洲国家缓解医疗资源不足的问题。至今，中国已累计向非洲国家派遣医疗队员1.7万人次。为进一步加强中非在医疗卫生领域的合作，未来三年，中方将与非方共同努力抓紧完成援助医院的建设工作，争取早日投入使用。中方将继续向有关非洲国家派遣医护人员，向疟疾防治中心派遣巡回专家组，并提供医疗设备和抗疟物资。三年内，中方还将为非洲国家培训3000名医护人员。中方希望通过这些措施帮助非洲地区提高医疗水平和疟疾防治能力，保证现有合作项目可持续发展，更好、更长久地服务于非洲人民。

举措三：加强教育和人力资源开发合作，帮助非洲国家提高自主发展能力。为非洲国家援助50所中非友好学校；为非洲国家培训2万人，其中包括1500名校长和教师、2000名农业技术人员及3000名医护人员；提供150万美元，支持“非洲发展新伙伴计划”的人力资源培训计划。

政策解读：中国政府高度重视与非洲国家在教育和人力资源开发合作领域的合作，在中非合作论坛北京峰会上，中国政府宣布3年内为非洲援助100所农村学校和培训15000名人才。三年来，中方认真履行承诺，实际援助了126所学校，并改善了现有一些学校的教学条件，将为3万名非洲儿童提供入学机会；累计举办近700期官员和技术人员培训班，涵盖了经贸、外交、国防、公共行政管理、医疗卫生、农牧渔业、教育、广电、科技、文化、环保、电信、交通、金融、能源等20多个领域，到2009年底共培训1.6万余名人员。为继续加强中非之间的教育和人力资源开发合作，帮助非洲国家提高自主发展能力。未来三年，中方将为非洲国家再援助50所中非友好学校，包括小学、中学、职业技术学校等，并配备必要的家具和教学设备；将为非洲国家培训2万名各类人才，其中包括1500名校长和教师、2000名农业技术人员及3000名医护人员，培训重点领域包括经贸、农业、教育、卫生、环保、科技等。2006年温家宝总理访问南非时宣布，提供50万美元资助非洲发展新伙伴计划（NEPAD）“护士及助产士培训项目”。该项目已顺利完成并取得良好效果。为使更多非洲妇女儿童从中受益，中方将捐赠150万美元，支持NEPAD继续实施该培训项目。

举措四：加强清洁能源开发利用和卫生用水合作，帮助非洲国家提高适应气候变化、保护环境、保障人民用水安全的能力。为非洲国家援助100个沼气、太阳能、小水电等小型清洁能源项目和小型打井供水项目。

政策解读：环境保护和气候变化问题日益成为全球关注的热点。在此方面，非洲也面临挑战，需要国际社会在资金、技术、人员培养等方面提供帮助。中国在沼气、太阳能、小水电等小型清洁能源领域积累了较多成功经验。为缓解非洲国家在发展过程中面临的能源短缺问题，有效应对环境保护和气候变化方面所面临的挑战，中方愿积极与非方开展上述领域的合作，传授并推广中国的成熟技术和做法，帮助提高非洲人民的生活水平和应对气候变化能力。此外，许多非洲国家还面临着严重的缺水和饮用水安全问题，目前，约有3亿非洲人民生活在缺水的困境中，撒哈拉沙漠以南非洲地区有40%以上的人缺少洁净饮用水。

为与非洲国家共同应对气候变化，加强环境保护，提高保障人民用水安全的能力，未来三年，中国将结合非洲有关国家需求和实际情况，安排实施100个沼气、小型太阳能设备及节能灯、小水电等小型清洁能源项目和小型打井供水项目。

举措五：提供各类信贷资金，帮助非洲国家发展经济，共同应对国际金融危机。向非洲国家提供100亿美元优惠性质贷款，主要用于基础设施项目和社会发展项目；支持中国金融机构设立非洲中小企业发展专项贷款，金额10亿美元，帮助非洲的中小企业发展。

政策解读：为落实中非合作论坛北京峰会成果，2007—2009年中方共向非洲提供了30多亿美元优惠贷款和20亿优惠出口买方信贷，支持了非洲国家在交通、房建、电站、港口、电信等各领域建设，有效地促进了中非互利合作，带动了非洲经济发展，受到非方普遍欢迎。为进一步推动中非经贸往来，帮助非洲国家尽快摆脱当前全球金融危机的不利影响，缓解非洲发展过程中资金不足的困难，未来三年，中方将继续向非洲国家提供优惠贷款和优惠出口买方信贷，贷款与项目相结合，主要用于公路、铁路、港口、机场、电力、通讯等基础设施项目和低造价住房等公益福利型项目。

非洲中小企业在发展本国经济、增加当地就业、维护社会稳定方面有着重要作用，得到非洲各国的高度重视。在当前国际金融危机背景下，帮助非洲中小企业渡过难关并不断发展壮大，将为非洲国家稳定就业，繁荣市场，发展经济发挥积极的作用。为此，中国政府支持中国国家开发银行设立非洲中小企业发展专项贷款，本着市场运作的原则向在非洲设立的中小企业提供融资支持，帮助其发展，促进中非双方中小企业的合作。中国国家开发银行正在研究制订相关实施方案。

举措六：进一步推动中非贸易健康发展。逐步给予非洲所有与我建交的最不发达国家95%的产品免关税待遇，2010年年内首先对60%的产品实施免关税；在华设立“非洲产品展销中心”，对入驻的非洲企业给予减免费用等优惠政策，促进非洲国家对华出口；在非洲国家建设3—5个物流中心，帮助非洲国家改善商业设施条件。

政策解读：2005年中方开始对非洲最不发达国家实施部分输华商品免关税待遇。2006年中非合作论坛北京峰会后，又将受惠商品范围扩大至478个税目。该政策实施以来，取得了显著效果，已推动了超过10亿美元的非洲商品对华出口。为进一步向非洲商品开放市场，增强非洲商品的出口竞争能力，今后三年内，中国政府将逐步给予非洲所有与中国建交的最不发达国家95%的产品免关税待遇。2010年年内首先对60%的产品实施免关税，届时非洲最不发达国家输华免关税受惠商品可由478个税目扩大到4700多个税目。这是中国根据自身的经济实力做出的决定，是一种单方面、自愿的给惠政策，符合WTO规则。中方正在与有关非洲国家就此办理有关手续，争取使有关非洲国家尽早受益。

设立“非洲产品展销中心”也是中方推出的促进非洲商品对华出口的重要举措之一。中心将设在中国浙江省义乌市的国际商贸城，总面积5000平方米，重点引进非洲特色产品，通过借助义乌国际小商品贸易的平台作用和品牌效应，向中国的消费者甚至全世界推介非洲商品。“中心”将对入驻的非洲企业给予减免费用等优惠和各项便利。

为推动中非贸易健康发展，帮助非洲国家改善商业设施条件，今后三年，中方还将支持有关企业在非洲国家建设3—5个功能较为完备的商业物流中心。物流中心将吸引中国和非洲当地的商业企业入驻，集中展示双方的名优产品，并提供相应的物流服务。

举措七：继续支持非洲国家减贫努力，免除非洲所有与中国建交的重债穷国和最不发达国家截至2009年底对华到期未还的政府无息贷款债务。

政策解读：自2000年中非合作论坛成立以来，中方已免除了所有与中国有外交关系的非洲最不发达国家和重债穷国截至2005年底前到期未偿无息贷款，共涉及35国310笔债务。目前非洲有38个国家属于重债穷国或最不发达国家，发展问题依然十分严峻。为支持这些非洲国家落实减贫计划，尽早实现联合国千年发展目标，中方将继续减免非洲所有与中国有外交关系的重债穷国和最不发达国家的到期未还债务，尽快办理截至2009年底对华到期未还政府无息贷款债务协议，减轻非洲国家债务负担。

举措八：进一步落实北京峰会有关承诺，将中非发展基金规模增加到30亿美元，支持中国企业扩大对非投资。

政策解读：设立中非发展基金，是北京峰会对非务实合作8项举措之一。自2007年6月设立以来，中非发展基金在首期10亿美元项下已累计完成31个项目的投资决策，带动项目总投资合计47.3亿美元，其中基金拟投资合计7.6亿美元。为支持更多有实力的、信誉好的中国企业到非洲投资，中方正在推动基金二期启动工作，使中非发展基金规模增加到30亿美元。

An Interpretation of New Measures on Economic and Trade Cooperation from 4th Ministerial Conference

2010/05/24

By China Ministry of Commerce, Department of Western Asian and African Affairs Updated: 2010-05-05

In November 2009, at the 4th Ministerial Conference of Forum on China-Africa Cooperation, Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao, on behalf of the Chinese government, announced eight new measures to promote practical cooperation with Africa.During the conference, China and Africa also paed the Sharm El Sheikh Action Plan(2010-2012), mapping out a comprehensive plan for the next three years of cooperation.According to the commitments made by China at the conference, in the next three years in the area of economic and trade cooperation, China will implement eight new measures in: agriculture and food production;medical care, public health, prevention and treatment of major diseases;education, training and academic exchanges;clean energy and clean drinking water;loans;trade promotion;debt exemption;and investment expansion.These new measures are the major initiatives by Chinese government to advance the comprehensive development of the new type of China-Africa strategic partnership under the new circumstances.They serve to highlight that China highly values the traditional friendly relations with Africa, and that China has the goodwill to further cooperation based on equality and mutual benefit, and build a harmonious world of enduring peace and common prosperity.China, along with Africa, will diligently implement all the actions in the new measures of economic and trade cooperation, deepen practical cooperation, and join hands to tackle the challenges of financial crisis and climate change;China will help Africa to continually improve infrastructure, and solidify the foundation for economic and social development;China will support Africa to reduce poverty, enhance agriculture, education and health care levels, and improve the livelihood of the African people;China will expand cooperation effort on human resources development, and strive to train technical and management personnel who are urgently needed for African economic and social development.Measure #1: to strengthen agricultural exchanges and cooperation, help Africa to increase food production capacity;to increase the number of agricultural technology demonstration centers built by China in Africa to 20, and send 50 agricultural technology teams to Africa.Measure Interpreted: Agriculture is the pillar industry and priority development area for most African countries.Food security is also the foundation for sustainable development and poverty reduction in Africa.China has always put a strong emphasis on agricultural cooperation with Africa.Based on the needs of each African country, China takes full advantage of its strength in agricultural technology, personnel and capital to help African countries accelerate agricultural development and achieve the basic goals of food self-sufficiency and poverty reduction, through transfer and diemination of advanced agricultural production management expertise and applicable technologies.Since the Beijing Summit of Forum on China-Africa Cooperation in 2006, China has actively implemented the agricultural aistance measures announced by Chinese President Hu Jintao at the summit.Today, China has initiated 15 agricultural technology demonstration center projects, 13 of which are already under construction.China has also sent 104 senior agricultural experts to work in 33 African countries.In the next three years, China will accelerate construction of the existing agricultural technology demonstration center projects, and increase the total number of agricultural technology demonstration centers to 20.China will also send 50 agricultural technology teams to African to develop agricultural technology cooperation, provide consulting services for policy making and planning, develop better grain varieties, transfer and dieminate applicable agricultural technologies, and help African countries to enhance their capacity to develop agriculture and ensure food security.Measure #2: to strengthen cooperation in medical care and public health, help African countries improve medical conditions, enhance capacity for malaria prevention and treatment, as well as public health protection;to provide medical equipment and anti-malaria materials worth RMB 500 million to the 30 hospitals and 30 malaria prevention and treatment centers built by China.Measure Interpreted: Medical care and public health has always been a key area for China-Africa cooperation.For many years, the African people suffered from malaria and other diseases.In order to help African countries improve medical conditions, enhance capacity for malaria prevention and treatment as well as public health care, in the last three years, based on the needs of Africa countries, China has carried out a series of medical and health care aistance projects, such as building 30 hospitals and 30 malaria prevention and treatment centers, and providing Artemisinin medicine.China has also sent about 900 medical personnel to 42 African countries, who have performed a total of 5 million patient/diagnosis services, helping to alleviate medical resources shortage in Africa.Up to date, China has sent to Africa a total of 17,000 medical personnel.To further strengthen cooperation in medical care and public health, in the next three years, China and Africa will work together to speedily complete the hospital construction projects and bring the hospitals into service at an early date.China will continue to send medical personnel to Africa, and send visiting experts for the malaria prevention and treatment centers, and provide medical equipment and anti-malaria medicine.China will also in the next three years train 3,000 doctors and nurses for Africa.It is the hope of China that these actions will help Africa enhance its medical service and malaria prevention and treatment capacity, and ensure the existing cooperation programs can serve African people in a sustainable, progreive and enduring way.Measure #3: to strengthen cooperation in education and human resources development, help African countries enhance capacity for self-development;to build 50 China-Africa friendship schools;to train 20,000 personnel for Africa, including 1,500 school headmasters and teachers, 2,000 agricultural technology personnel, 3,000 doctors and nurses;to provide 1.5 million U.S.dollars in support of human resources training under New Partnership for Africa's Development(NEPAD).Measure Interpreted: China highly values cooperation with Africa in education and human resources development.At the Beijing Summit, China announced the initiative to build 100 rural schools and train 15,000 personnel for Africa in the next three years.Since then, China has fulfilled its pledge by building 126 schools and improving conditions at some existing schools.This will provide schooling opportunities to 30,000 African children.China has held a total of 700 training seions for African officials and technical personnel, covering 20 areas including economic development and trade, foreign policy, defense, public administration, medical care and public health, agriculture, fishing and animal husbandry, education, radio and television program production, science

and

technology,culture,environment

protection, telecommunications, transportation, finance, and energy.These seions have trained a total of 16,000 personnel by the end of 2009.To further strengthen cooperation in education and human resources development, help African countries improve capacity for self-development, in the next three years, China will build an additional 50 China-Africa friendship schools, including primary, secondary and vocational schools, with neceary furnishings and teaching equipment.China will also train 20,000 personnel in different fields for Africa, including 1,500 school headmasters and teachers, 2,000 agricultural technology personnel, 3,000 doctors and nurses.The training will focus on economic development and trade, agriculture, education, public health, environment protection, science and technology.In 2006, Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao announced during visit to South Africa that China would donate 500,000 U.S.dollars to aid NEPAD's nurses and maternity aistants training program.This program has concluded smoothly and achieved satisfactory results.To bring benefits to more African women and children, China will donate another 1.5 million U.S.dollars to support NEPAD's continuation of this training program.Measure #4: to strengthen cooperation in clean energy development and utilization, and in clean drinking water;to help Africa enhance capacity to adapt to climate change, protect environment, and ensure drinking water safety;to build 100 small-sized well digging projects for water supply and clean energy projects of biogas, solar energy and small hydro-power plants.Measure Interpreted: Environment protection and climate change have increasingly become a key global concern.In this area, Africa also faces challenges, and needs capital, technology and personnel training aistance from international community.China has accumulated some succeful experiences in the areas of bio-gas, solar power, and small hydro-power plants.To alleviate the energy shortage experienced by Africa in its development proce, and meet environment protection and climate change challenges, China is willing to work actively with Africa on cooperation in these fields, to transfer and dieminate proven technologies and practices from China.This will help to raise the living standard for African people, and help Africa enhance the capacity to addre climate change.In addition, many African countries also face severe water shortage and drinking water safety problems.Currently, about 300 million Africans still suffer from water shortage, with more than 40% people in sub-Sahara area without clean drinking water.In order to work with Africa to addre climate change, strengthen environment protection, and enhance capacity to ensure drinking water safety for African people, in the next three years, China will undertake to implement 100 small-sized well digging projects for water supply and clean energy projects of biogas, small solar energy equipment, energy-efficient lights and small hydro-power plants, based on the needs and circumstances of African countries.Measure #5: to provide a variety of loans to help Africa develop economy and overcome global financial crisis;to provide Africa with 10 billion U.S.dollars in conceional loans, mainly for infrastructure and social development projects;to support Chinese financial institutions in setting up a 1 billion U.S.dollar special loan for African small and medium enterprises(SMEs), to help the growth of African SMEs.Measure Interpreted: to implement the commitments made at the Beijing Summit, from 2007 to 2009, China has provided 3 billion U.S.dollars in preferential loans and 2 billion U.S.dollars in preferential buyer credits to African countries, supporting African development in areas such as transportation, housing, power generation, port, telecommunications.This effectively facilitated China-Africa win-win cooperation, promoted African economic development and received general acclaim from Africa.To further advance economic and trade exchanges, and help Africa quickly overcome the adverse impact of global financial crisis, alleviate the capital shortage facing development in Africa, in the next three years, China will continue to provide preferential loans and preferential buyer credits to African countries.These loans and credits will be combined with projects, to be mainly used on infrastructure development like highway, railroad, seaport, airport, electrical power, telecommunication, and public welfare projects such as low-cost housing.African SMEs play a key role in developing national economy, increasing local employment and maintaining social stability, thus drawing special attention from African governments.In the current context of global financial crisis, any measure that can help African SMEs to overcome their difficulties and continue to develop and expand would play a positive role in helping Africa stabilize employment, increase market activities and develop economy.From this perspective, Chinese government supports China National Development Bank to set up a special loan for African SMEs.This loan, in accordance with the principle of market operation, will be used to provide financing support to African SMEs to help their development and facilitate cooperation of Chinese and African SMEs.China National Development Bank is currently studying on and formulating the relevant implementation plans.Measure #6: to further advance the sound development of China-Africa trade;to phase in zero-tariff treatment to 95 percent of the products from the least developed African countries(LDCs)having diplomatic relations with China, starting with 60 percent of the products within 2010;to set up African commodities trade center in China and adopt preferential policies such as fees reduction and wavering for participating African enterprises to promote export of African commodities to China;to establish three to five logistic centers in Africa to help improve busine facilities in African countries.Measure Interpreted: In 2005, China started to grant zero-tariff treatment to some commodities of African LDCs destined for China.After the Beijing Summit in 2006, China expanded the tariff exemption list to 478 kinds of products.Since the measure went into effect, it has generated considerable benefits, advancing more than 1 billion U.S.dollars worth of African exports to China.To further open market acce to Africa and increase the competitivene of African export, in the next three years, China will phase in zero-tariff treatment to 95 percent of the products from the LDCs having diplomatic relations with China, starting with 60 percent of the products within 2010.By the end of the three years, the tariff exemption list for African LDCs will be expanded from 478 to 4700 kinds of products.This policy, based on China's economic strength, is a preferential treatment on a unilateral and voluntary basis, thus is in conformity with WTO rules.China and related African countries are following the proper procedures to implement this measure, to bring benefits to these countries as soon as poible.The establishment of African commodities trade center is another important step taken by China to promote African exports to China.The center will be based in the World Trade Center in Yiwu city, Zhejiang province, with a total space of 5,000 square meters.The center will focus on products with African characteristics and promote African products to Chinese and global consumers, by leveraging the platform and brand name status of the Yiwu International Small Commodities Distribution Center.The center will adopt preferential policies such as fees reduction and wavering, as well as other conveniences for participating African enterprises.To advance the sound development of China-Africa trade and help Africa to improve busine facilities, in the next three years, China will support relevant Chinese enterprises to set up three to five full-service logistic centers in Africa.The centers will attract Chinese and African enterprises to sign up and showcase their best products, and will perform logistics services accordingly.Measure #7: to continue to support poverty reduction efforts by Africa;to cancel due debts of interest-free government loans that matured by the end of 2009 owed by all heavily-indebted poor countries and the LDCs in Africa having diplomatic relations with China.Measure Interpreted: Since the launch of Forum of China-Africa Cooperation in 2000, China has canceled due debts of interest-free loans that matured by the end of 2005 owed by all heavily-indebted poor countries and the LDCs in Africa having diplomatic relations with China.This cancellation involved 310 debts from 35 countries.Currently, there are 38 heavily-indebted poor countries and LDCs in Africa, who are still facing severe development challenges.To support these African countries to implement their poverty reduction plans and reach the United Nations Millennium Development Goals at an early date, China will continue to cancel due debts of loans owed by all heavily-indebted poor countries and the LDCs in Africa having diplomatic relations with China, and complete the agreements on due debts of interest-free government loans that matured by the end of 2009, to bring debt relief to Africa.Measure #8: to further fulfill the pledges made at the Beijing Summit;to increase the size of China-Africa Development Fund to 3 billion U.S.dollars and support Chinese enterprises to expand investment in Africa.Measure Interpreted: The establishment of the China-Africa Development Fund was one of the 8 measures announced at the Beijing Summit on practical cooperation between China and Africa.Since its birth in June 2007, the China-Africa Development Fund has funded a total of 31 projects under the first tranche of 1 billion U.S.dollars.These projects in turn have attracted a total project funding of 4.73 billion U.S.dollars, out of which 0.76 billion U.S.dollars will be funded by the China-Africa Development Fund.To support more well-established and reputable Chinese enterprises to invest in Africa, China is pushing forward initiation of the second tranche of the Fund, to increase the size of the Fund to 3 billion U.S.dollars.