中西宴会礼仪_中外宴会礼仪比较

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毕业论文

题 目： 中西宴会礼仪的差异 学 院： 外国语学院 专 业： 商务英语 班 级： 09级高职商务英语01班 学 号： 0905010023 学生姓名： 王怀阔 指导老师： 惠红利 完成日期： 2012年2月29日

内容摘要

不同的民族缔造了不同的宴会文化，所以宴会文化具有浓郁的民族性和多样性的特点。中国与英美等西方国家对宴会的观点和态度、宴会内容以及宴会特点等方面都存在着显著的差异。笔者着重分析了中国与英美等西方国家在宴会礼仪的跨文化差异，揭示了导致宴会文化差异的深层次的原因，并阐明了随着跨文化交际的发展，中西宴会文化的交流、互补和兼容的因素也会增多。

关键词：中西宴会文化；跨文化交际；差异

ABSTRACT

Different nations created different party culture, so party culture has the rich nationality and diversity of characteristics.China and western countries such as Britain and America to party views and attitude, contents and characteristics of party there is a significant difference.The author focuses on the analysis of the China and western countries such as Britain and the party of etiquette in cro-cultural differences, reveals the party of the cultural differences in deep reasons, and expound the with the development of intercultural communication, China and western cultural exchange, complementary party and compatible factors may increase.Keywords: Chinese and western party culture;Cro-cultural communication;differences

CONTENTS

ABSTRACT(Chinese)…………………………………………………………….….i

ABSTRACT(English)….............................................................................................ii

I.INTERDUCTION………………………………………………………….……4

II.THE DIFFBETWEEN OF THE PARTY ETIQUETTE………...……………4 A.Tableware differences……………………………………………………………...4 B.Time differences…………………………………………………………………...5 C.Plan seating differences……………………………………………………………6 1.North and south VS left and right………………………………………………..6 2.“Male” VS “lady first, equality between men and women”……………………..7

III.CONCLUSION…………………………………………………………………..9

REFERENCES……………………………………………………..……………….10

DIFFERENCES BETWEEN CHINESE AND WESTERN

BANQUET ETIQUETTE

I.INTRODUCTION Chinese and western pay attention to the party’s etiquette, due to culture differences in different party etiquette.Pay attention to the party etiquette contribute to international communication border.II.THE DIFFBETWEEN OF THE PARTY ETIQUETTE A.Tableware differences Chinese and western dinner party the most obvious of the difference is the use of tableware.Chinese use chopsticks with clip food, western food with a knife and cutting.That isn’t an accidental way of different edible obviously.Due the different culture guided to.Since ancient times, Chinese people most to farming Lord;the so-called “facing the loe back up”, it is a cultural phenomenon of portraiture.In this culture environment, usually in the grain for food, tend to live, work, peace and stability, the emphasis on “and” for the expensive, against aggreion and attack.In this culture environment, usually in the grain for food, tend to live, peace and stability, the emphasis on “and” for the expensive, against aggreion and attack [1](P.105).The two almost the opposite of the culture tendency to reflect the diet naturally reflected in the choice of tableware and having the way.Chinese use chopsticks soft-spoken, rarely appears poke, firm of action, in the table with the attitude of the food is intimate, gentle.Instead, use fork and knife to cut, let a person feel a kind of cruelty and oppreion, is to conceal the ravaged food.Although Chinese and western or as sex to eat meat, but played very implicative, tactfully, felt anything that bloody “fighting” and “heartbeat, measures”.The literature of the famous French thinker, critics figures Roland Barthes said of chopsticks think, the chopsticks like a knife and that not used to cut, firm，poke, thus “food no longer become people under the violence, but to become prey is the transfer of harmonious material” [1](P.71).B.Time differences

“On time” seems to be a universally applicable concept, but in different countries and different cultures to the understanding of the concept of is endle also and same, the concept and contents of the event because different variations.Cro-cultural communication, the founder of learning, one of the famous American anthropologist Edward put forward the concept of time is the human · hall has two kinds of culture mode, namely “time onene”(Monochromic-time or M-time)and “the diversity of the time”(Polychromic-time or P-time)[2](P.92).M-time required to make any things are strictly comply with the schedule, this stem what of time doing it;but P-time did not set the agenda of habit, it’s time to do what no on time to do on time.The former note strictly abide by the appointment of time, can't stood up;the latter do not pay attention to abide by the time, do not take the reservation.Hall also believes that time is Europe and the onene of western countries such as time mode, the diversification of the Latin American region is time mode [2](P.92-93).In his view, time is like a commodity, can buy and sell, saving and spending, waste, lost, make up and examined [3](P.142).Therefore, in the fete, because in different cultural model, and the differences between Chinese and western is more outstanding.In China, generally speaking, the various modes of time that people are much more likely to “late”, in the provision of time and a half hours later, or even later “overdue”.To this, the host appears to be also early have thought preparation, often in this period of “waiting” in time for some other programs, such as played CARDS, drink tea, chat, etc.let some “first to” guests to kill time.For this kind of “Late” phenomenon are used to both sides, not as a master invited to contempt or an impolite.Sometimes even intentionally will host party time set “early” some, for the guests to the “late” to

provide more plenty of time.And the western countries, the official party request arrived on time, usually le than lot minutes;otherwise will be regarded as not fall instrument, is to the master and other guests don't respect.C.Plan seating differences 1.North and south VS left and right Seat arrangement is to use the space location each position and interpersonal relationship said an important form of.People is right of the space concept is after the day after tomorrow to various factors of the influence of the acquisition, including cultural factors are particularly acute.Therefore, different cultures, people are right of the space requirements and related rules and space communication related to the space values is also different.Hall has a “Space speaks”[3](P.158)to describe the role of the Space.In China, the party is usually the south seat for to north facing to the next, and formed a “south honor”, “north low” traditional concept.This and Chinese traditional culture is inseparable.China has a long history of ancient society, many dynasties, but no matter which once, which generation, the emperor, and he reigned affairs are all is face south and sit, it is “the face south says solitary”, “south states crown,” said one;And meet the Kings servants facing north, it also has “north to concede,” said one.This shows, “south” in the eyes of the Chinese already gradually evolved into a symbol of supreme, represents the power, status, and identity;And the relative to the “north” position is naturally low many.This phenomenon in Chinese idioms is a very good expreion.If at the same time appear in the idiom “south” and “north” two words, often “south” word in the “north” in the word, such as “NanQiangBeiDiao”, “ fighting ”, and “always on” etc.Therefore, in the party is of course towards the south gate the seat, and the north for a seat.6

In ancient times the western society, the most distinguished guests seat is in the master left, because people used to use right hand dagger, aaination in the person.If the most distinguished guests’ arrangement in the master left hand position, not only he kill not convenient, master and uniform his advantage position.[3](P.86)Along with the progre of the society, in the party the ancient phenomenon aaination almost dried up.Today, westerners to arrange seat, has no longer focus on safety protection, but for the protection of the psychological needs, will be the guest host in the right of the table, the table in the right seat form, left for the custom of the next.2.“Male” VS “lady first, equality between men and women” Chinese and western there is also a greater difference on the arrangement of the guests’ position for men and women.In China, especially in the ancient times, the formal banquet on see no female figure, and thus it is unneceary to consider women position arrangement, this with the traditional Chinese culture “male” thought is consistent.Lin Yutang “Chinese” in book even said: “the beginning to the primitive times, the Chinese people's blood, and women will not occupy a proper position.”[4](P.201).Along later Confucianism “unify the whole country”, women have been bound in the feudal moral, the subordinate status.Today, the status of women have been improved greatly, have already get rid of the former subordinate position, the female figure appeared in the early also banquets for Chinese acceptable, but women often sit together.When “aged” and “lady first” principle is contradictory, Chinese people are choosing “respect for the” and not “lady first” In the west, “ladies first” is their traditional culture idea, is the social activities of the important etiquette.This is because Christianity is the western countries generally believe in religion, this religious exalted to the Virgin Mary, to admire women for noble sentiment.In addition, 12, 13 century, with the crusaders roster, and formed an “order” of this unique cla.Due to the impact of the “order” and prominent position，gradually formed their own a set of etiquette and spread to folk, one of the most distinctive is the respect for women, then called the best gift of lady “knight manners” time became a noble and even the populace civilization standards, and has followed so far.Therefore, in the western dinners, women have long played an important role, and men and women guests must cro and sit, this is yet another demonstration of the thought of the equality of men and women.III.CONCLUSION.To sum up, the Chinese and western banquet in the idea, the etiquette and contents of the differences, and can be found on from cultural roots.Of course, the differences between Chinese and western food culture is relative.Under the globalization of cro-cultural communication, the diet culture diversity increased complementary and compatibility.As the western culture and eastern culture continuous exchanges, China's food culture in with the countries all over the world culture collision will also appear in the new characteristics and produces the new changes.On one hand it will be more help to the Chinese food culture in exchange, collision drew.Perfect development, and always keep exuberant vitality;On the other hand will promote the Chinese food culture in the world scope widely spread and development.REFERENCES [1] LiuChenghua.Culture and personality-the culture differences to a more [M].Hefei: China science and technology university pre, 2002

[2] BiJiwan.Non-verbal cro cultural communication [M].Beijing: foreign language teaching and research pre, 1999.[3] Edward T Hal1．The Silent Language[M]．New York：Anchor Books，1 990． [4] DuXueZeng.In both Chinese and English is the custom [M].Beijing: foreign language teaching and research pre, 1999