应用文写作技巧_常用应用文写作技巧
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应用文写作
应用文主要分为：书信，表格与单证，便条---通知、假条、请柬、启事，致词，简历，卡片，广告，合同，说明（产品、厂家介绍），电信（传真、电子邮件）。在英语专生本的应用文考察中，书信、便条是考察的重点。
一．书信的组成及格式：
Heading—inside addre—salutation—body—closing—signature—enclose—postscript
Salutation:
对家人、亲戚、密友可以用Dear Daddy, My Dear Daughter, Dear Alice
对年长、关系一般的朋友、同事、不熟悉的人用Dear Mr.Johnson, Dear Profeor Wang
对公司、工厂、学校团体，一般用Dear Sir, Dear Madam, To Whom It May Concern
Closing
对熟悉的朋友同事----Sincerely yours, Yours cordially
对密友---Affectionately yours, Lovingly yours, Yours ever
对家人—Yours lovingly, Yours loving mother
对上级、长辈---Yours respectfully
业务书信—Yours truly, Yours faithfully
在谦称前经常用一些客套语，表示问候礼貌。
With best wishes, With kind regards, Best regards, All the best, With kindest regards, With kind regards to your family, Please convey my best regards to your family.二．各种书信的写作
1． 请柬式邀请信
Mr.Wang Fang
Requests the pleasure of the company of
Mr.and Mrs.White
At dinner
6:30p.m.on Sunday, January 18th
At Peace Hotel, No.10 East Wenhua Road
R.S.V.P.Tel: 12345678
Dre: Formal
答复
Mr.and Mrs.White
accept with pleasure
Mr.Wang Fang’s
Kind invitation to dinner
at 6:30 p.m.on Sunday, January 18th
at Peace Hotel, No.10 East Wenhua Road
Mr.and Mrs.White
thank
Mr.Wang Fang’s
kind invitation to dinner
that 6:30 p.m.on Sunday, January 18, but regret that
a previous engagement prevents them from accepting
2.书信式邀请信
Dear Mr.James,Will you and Mi Joan have dinner with us at our home on Thursday, the tenth of June, at 7:00.We want to
hear all about your trip to Japan and have you meet Mary Manion who is planning to go and attend conference in Beijing next month.Cordially,Linda
答复
Dear Linda,Mi Joan and I will be delighted to have dinner with you on Thursday, the tenth of June, at seven.Our trip to Japan was a delightful experience which we would like to share with you.Thank you so much for asking us.We are both looking forward to seeing you and Ms.Mary Manion.Affectionately,James
Dear Linda,Joan and I wish we could have dinner with you on Thursday, the tenth of June, at seven, but we find we’ll not be able to come.We do want very much to see you all and share our trip in Japan and meet Ms.Mary Manion.As you know the semester is coming to an end and a lot of students are pouring into the Computer Center to do their preparations for the final exams.We do not close until 10 o’clock in the evening.Thanks so much for asking us.I know we’ll be miing a wonderful time.We feel very sorry to be prevented from joining you all.Cordially,James
3.感谢信
Dear Cindy,Thank you very much for the wonderful holiday I spent with you and your family.Your mother is such a terrific cook!I think I must have gained 5 pounds in just the two weeks spent with you.I really appreciate your taking time off from work to take me around and show me so many places.You are lucky to live in such and interesting area.I hope that soon you will be able to visit my part of the country.Thank you again for the wonderful time.Let’s keep in touch.Love,Mary
常用语句：
This is to thank you again for your wonderful hospitality.It is generous of you to take so much interest in my work.I am much obliged to you for your kind note after my health.We acknowledge with gratitude your meage of good wishes.I can’t sufficiently expre my thanks for your thoughtful kindne.Thank you again for the trouble you have taken.Thank for your kind and warm letter.I can’t tell you how much your letter delighted me.I really don’t know how to thank you enough.Thank you for doing me a real favor.4.祝贺信
Dear Mr.Pang,I learned from Mr.Wu that you were graduated with high honors from Fudan University today.I can well imagine how proud your parents are now, who have been anxiously hoping to witne you brilliant succe.As I understand, you will continue studies in the United States soon.I wish you greater succe in your studies and research work.With best wishes.Yours sincerely,Li Ming
常用语句：
May you enjoy good health and long life.Congratulations and all good wishes.Congratulations on your succe.Please accept our sincere wishes for Christmas and the New Year.We are delighted to learn that you have paes the examination.5.道歉信
Dear Laura,I’m afraid we can’t go to the concert on Sunday.I’ve lost the ticket.I looked for them everywhere but they simply disappeared.I must apologize for being so carele.I’ll try to get hold of two tickets again for some other nights.Which date will be suitable for you?
I’m sorry for causing all this inconvenience.I hope you are not too angry.Yours truly,Tom
6．慰问信
Dear Mr.Martin,I am very sorry to learn from the newspaper that a fire broke out in your street yesterday afternoon, and your house was burnt down.I am very anxious to know how you and your family are.I shall be very much delighted if I can be of any service to you.Yours sincerely,Eric
常用语句
I am very anxious to know how you are getting on.We are sure it won’t be long before you are back on your feet again.If I can be of any aistance to you, do not hesitate to let me know.I was extremely sorry to hear……
7.求职信
Dear Sir/Madam,Please allow ne to apply for the position of office clerk which you advertised in “Qi Lu Evening News” of Feb, 20.I am 28 years of age and unmarried.After receiving my B.B.A from Xiamen University, I worked for three years as an office clerk at China Great Wall Computer Group Company.For the last two years, I have been a secretary to the General Manager of Haicheng Foodstuffs Company, Ltd, in Shenzhen.I am looking for a position of office clerk to increase my experience in busine.I have a wide knowledge of busine and thoroughly experienced in all type of office work.Copies of my testimonial are enclosed, and if you are interested in my application, please give me an opportunity of a personal interview at your convenient date.Sincerely yours,Wang Yan
8.预定
Gentleman,Please reserve a double room with bath for my wife and myself for the period from May 1st through May 6th.We would prefer a room overlooking the lake and not higher than the fourth floor.If poible, we would like a room furnished with two beds.Please confirm this reservation by fax today, since I plan to leave the city by Monday.We expected to arrive at about 5 p.m.on May 1st.Very truly yours,Ken Smith
9.询问信
Dear Sir or Madam,We have seen the advertisement of your washing machines on television, and are very interested in your washing machines.Will you please send us a copy of your catalogue and current price list for washing machines?
We are the leading washing machines dealers in Shandong and have branches in five neighboring districts.If the quality of your machine is satisfactory and the prices are reasonable, we will place regular orders for fairly large numbers.We look forward to your early reply.Sincerely yours,Wu Hua
Sales Manager
10.通知
Announcement
We are glad to have about thirty-five American students who will come to our school for a visit on June 22nd.And the following are the arrangement.We must be aembled and welcome the American students at the school gate at 8:40.Then we will hold a welcome party and exchange the gifts with American students at the reception room from 9:00 to 10:30.From 10:30 to 11:30 we will show them around the campus, the library and the language lab.Then we will have lunch at the student canteen at 11:30.About 13:30, we will see them off at the school gate again.The Students UnionDecember 14, 2006
11.投诉信
Dear Editor,I am a student of Peking University, Writing to inform what I have experienced unpleasantly in the Golden Ladder Bookstore, as a customer who claims for entitled right.Last Friday, I bought a newly edited Chinese-English Dictionary published by Foreign Language Learning Pre.Yet I found pretty many printing mistakes, several pages even broken or simply lost.I immediately went back to the bookstore for a change.However, to my disappointment, I was roughly turned down.What made me really upset is they implicitly accused me of intentionally jeopardizing the book and then unreasonably asking for a change.That directly hurt me for their actual meaning that I were a liar and was cheating them.I failed I the end.Yet I will continue my efforts to reclaim my reasonable right for a change and serious apology.Therefore I expect you can expose the whole thing as a fuse to explode public concerns for the problems of service quality that are often invisible.Thank you for your attention as well as help.Hope your response soon.Sincerely yours,Alice
三．便条的写作
1．便条的类型。根据便条内容的不同，可以把便条分为以下几种：道歉便条、询问便条、建议便条、祝贺便条、感谢便条、邀请便条、表同情便条等。
2．写作步骤。首先，要身审题，并分析便条中应该包含哪些信息。第二，开始写作，注意内容的逻辑性。第三，检查。主要是检查内容是否完整，格式是否正确，有无拼写、语法错误等。
3．注意事项。便条的写作与书信和短文写作最大的不同就在于语言方面。便条的语言最大的特点是直接、口语化。直接是指写便条时要直入正题，简单明了。口语化是指写作的用词造句不必太正式，不必过多食用复杂句式，不必使用生僻字，可以使用缩写形式（例如I’d, I’ve）.(1)道歉便条：一般要首先向对方道歉，承认自己的错误，而后解释原因，最后提出弥补或补救的具体措施。
参考例文：
May 4th, 2008 Dear Profeor John,I would like to expre my apologies for not being able to keep our appointment for I had some urgent busine to deal with out of town and did not come back until the next morning.Could you arrange another appointment some time next week?
Sorry for any inconveniences.Yours sincerely,Wang Lan（注意解释原因时要具体）
常用的表达法
I sincerely apologize for…
I must apologize for not doing…
Please accept my sincere apologies for…
Sorry about….I’m terribly sorry.(2)询问便条：先要说明请求帮助的原因，以及求助的具体内容或细节，而后向对方表示感谢。
参考例文：
October 28,2008 Dear profeor John,I’d like to know your comments on the outline of my thesis before my first draft.Could you please fix a time(I’m free on Monday and Tuesday afternoon)and leave me a meage for me with Ms Liu in the department office? Thank you.Yours truly,Ma Li
常用表达法：
Would you mind doing…..I would be grateful if you would…..I would quite appreciate it if you could….(3)建议便条：先交待事情的起因，而后根据便条的具体要求提出相应的建议。
参考例文：
July 11, 2008 Dear Monica,This summer I will be traveling with some of my friends to Beijing and we will stay for about one week there from August 1st to August 8th.If you are free, I would be very happy to meet you in person.Perhaps we could spend a day or two together.Yours,Jack
常用表达法：
I’d like to suggest that…./ May I suggest that…../ Perhaps you could….(4)祝贺便条：首先复述值得祝贺的事情以及自己听到喜讯是的心情，做出积极的评价，然后表示自己中心的祝福。
参考例文：
April 5th, 2008 Dear Tom,I’m so glad to learn that you won the first prize in the Mathematics contest.Please accept my warmest congratulations.It is a well-deserved recognition of your excellent work.As your close friend, I’m so proud of you th
and feel very happy for you.Congratulations again and all good wishes for your future study.Yours,Jerry
(5)表示同情的便条：首先对对方的境遇表示同情，而后对对方给予鼓励或表达良好的祝愿。
参考例文：
July 13, 2008 Dear Sam,I’m sorry to learn that you failed the final exam.What a pity!You must be very frustrated at the result.But please don’t feel discouraged.You are still eligible to sit again for the exam.Work harder and I am sure you will pa thit next time.Yours, William
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