活性氧介导七氟醚迟发性脑保护作用及对PKCε膜转位激活的影响_迟发性脑保护作用
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活性氧介导七氟醚迟发性脑保护作用
及对PKCε膜转位激活的影响
叶治,郭曲练,王锷,潘韫丹
(中南大学湘雅医院麻醉科,长沙 410078)
中文 摘 要
近来动物实验研究显示,吸入麻醉药预处理(APC)对脑缺血再灌注损伤具有保护作用,且与缺血预处理(IPC)相似也表现出双时相效应:即时效应(早期或经典性)(Acute neuroprotection),这种保护作用立即发生,并大约持续2 h;延迟性阶段(晚期或第二窗口保护作用),(delayed neuroprotection),经24 h后再次出现,并持续72 h。临床及基础研究证实吸入麻醉药-七氟醚具有脑保护作用,但目前尚未报道单次给予七氟醚能够诱导迟发性脑保护效应,值得研究。活性氧(reactive oxygen species, ROS)参与了吸入麻醉药预处理的心肌保护作用,同时发现ROS还可以介导了预处理诱导的神经保护作用,七氟醚迟发性神经保护机制是否与ROS相关,有待进一步研究。新近研究表明,缺血或药物预处理时,经过受体激动和信号转导,线粒体ATP敏感性钾通道开放,促使ROS生成增多,ROS进一步激活下游的激酶,最终通过调节终末效应器起到心肌、神经保护效应。ROS介导了七氟醚延迟性神经保护,但其下游靶点尚不清楚。
故本研究目的探讨七氟醚延迟性预处理减轻大鼠局灶性脑缺血再灌注损伤中的作用和对PKC-ε,δ转位激活的影响以及与活性氧
(ROS)生成的关系。方法 雄性SD大鼠,体重250~300g,采用线栓法制备大鼠局灶性脑缺血模型(MCAO)并随机分为5组(n=24):假手术组(S组)、缺血再灌注组(I/R组)、七氟醚预处理组(Sevo组)、ROS清除剂2-硫基丙酰氨基乙酸(2-MPG)+七氟醚(MPG+Sevo组)和单纯MPG组,缺血2 h,再灌注6,24 h后进行神经功能缺陷评分并取脑组织,运用TTC染色测算脑梗死容积百分比,Western-Blot法测定PKC-ε,δ膜转位水平。结果 与I/R组相比,七氟醚能明显改善缺血后的神经功能,减小脑梗死面积,而发挥延迟性脑保护作用(P0.05)。I/R组,MPG+Sevo组,MPG组之间脑梗死容积以及神经功能评分差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。此外,与I/R组相比,七氟醚显著促进PKC-ε,而非PKC-δ的膜转位激活,且仅发生于再灌注后6 h(P
【关键词】七氟醚;迟发性脑保护作用;活性氧;局灶性脑缺血再灌注损伤;蛋白激酶C-ε
PKC ε may contribute to the delayed cerebral protection of sevoflurane preconditioning triggered by reactive oxygen species(ROS)
【Abstract】BACKGROUND: We tested effect of sevoflurane preconditioning on delayed neuroprotection and identified ROS and protein kinase C ε as mediators in this neuroprotection.METHODS: All animals, except sham group, were subjected to right middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO)for two hours.Sevoflurane preconditioning was induced 24 h before brain ischemia by exposing the animals to 2.4% sevoflurane in oxygen for 60 min.A selective ROS scavenger, 2-MPG was administrated(20mg/kg, i.v.)30 min before sevoflurane exposure to evaluate the role of ROS in sevoflurane late preconditioning.Neurological deficit scores(NDS)and infarct volumes were evaluated at 6 and 24 h after reperfusion.Cellular translocation of PKC ε andδwas also determined by western-blot analyses.RESULTS: Animals in the sevoflurane group developed smaller brain infarct volumes than I/R group(11.21±5.30% vs 21.36±6.97%;21.06±
4.72% vs 34.45±8.36%, n=4~6/group, P
reversed by administration of 2-MPG, compared with sevoflurane group(11.21±5.30% vs 22.69±7.42%;21.06±4.72% vs 34.90±8.25%, n=4~6/group, P
significantly improved in rats pretreated with sevoflurane.Compared with I/R group, PKCε, not PKCδ, was activated and translocated to the membrane fraction in sevoflurane group only at 6 h but not 24 h after reperfusion.This effect was also abolished by 2-MPG.CONCLUSION: Delayed neuroprotection of sevoflurane is mediated by ROS.Furthermore, PKC-εactivation probably occurs downstream of ROS in the sevoflurane late preconditioning signaling cascade.KEY WORDS: sevoflurane;delayed neuroprotection;reactive oxygen species(ROS);cerebral ischemia/reperfusion;protein kinase Cε;