中华龙舟、西溪蒋村龙舟介绍(中英文)_西溪湿地蒋村龙舟胜会
中华龙舟、西溪蒋村龙舟介绍(中英文)由刀豆文库小编整理，希望给你工作、学习、生活带来方便，猜你可能喜欢“西溪湿地蒋村龙舟胜会”。
中华龙舟起源
The Origin of Chinese Loong Boat Festival
龙是中国最大的神物,也是最大的吉祥物。龙在华夏五千年的历史中有着无比重要的地位。它不仅仅是雨神和风调雨顺的象征。从夏商开始，龙就已成为中华民族吉祥权威象征物。后世历朝历代皇帝被称为“真龙天子”，而整个中华民族都称自己是龙的传人。单从这方面来说，中国的loong与西方的dragon就有着非常大的区别。
Chinese Loong is the largest divine creature in China, and it is also the largest mascot in Chinese history.Loong has a very important position in the 5000 years Chinese history which is just as the symbol of the God of Rain and Prosperity.From the beginning of Xia and Shang dynasties(21st ~16th century BC), Loong has become a symbol of Chinese auspicious authority.Emperors of different dynasties are called “the Avatar of the Loong“, and the whole Chinese unity call themselves “the Descendants of the Loong”.In this respect alone, there is a big difference between China's Loong and the western dragon.中华民族对龙的崇拜历史久远，从最早发现的龙图形，距今已有七八千年。龙是治水英雄夏禹的化身。在宋朝年间，下令祭祀河神，就将龙摆上了祭祀位，从此以后，江河湖泊凡有水处，皆归龙神和龙王支配，更有后来的皇帝下诏天下，封龙为王，龙王就成为了河海诸神之尊。
Chinese has a very long history of worship of Loong.The appearance of the first Loong image can be tracked back to seven thousand or eight thousand years ago.Loong is the embodiment of The Great Yu who is flood-control hero in ancient China.In Song Dynasty(10th~13th century AD), The government ordered the ritual of the river god, which Loong was put on the shrine.Henceforth, rivers and lakes are considered to be dominated by Loong.龙和雷公是两个主要的雨神，人们不仅仅把龙看成是造雨的神，也把它看成是繁荣和荣誉的象征。所以人们常常以一些祭祀活动来表达对神明的敬意以及对丰收平安的愿景。
Loong and the master of the thunder are the two major Rain Gods in China.People not only regard the Loong as the rain god but also take it as the symbol of prosperity and honor.Therefore, people often expre their respect for Loong as one of the gods and the vision of harvest and peace with some sacrificial activities.“loong龙”在中国传统农耕文明中庇护百姓的祥神寓意，而绝非西方“dragon龙”给民众通常展现出来的那种邪恶暴力的负面形象。
In the Chinese traditional agricultural civilization, Loong implies the guardian spirit of the people rather than the negative image of evil and violence that the western ”dragon“ has.龙神与端午
The Loong and the Loong Boats Festival 端午节和竞渡的起源与龙有着密切关系，龙舟竞渡应该是史前图腾社会的遗俗。端午节本是吴越民族举行图腾祭的节日，而赛龙舟便是这祭仪中半宗教、半杜会性的娱乐节目。
theLoong Boat Festival and Loong Boat Racing generated from Loong culture.loong boat racing is the relic of prehistoric totem society, which is first celebrated by Wu and Yue totem nationalities in Southern China.And the loong boat racing is the event with both religious rituals and entertainment during the festival.在急鼓声中，划着那刻画成龙形的独木舟，在水上作竞渡游戏，给图腾神也给自已取乐。而在祭祀中人们为祈求图腾神的欢心和赐福，便发生争作第一到达祭神的竞争。
In the drumbeats, men stroke the Loong shaped canoe to race on the water, please the god and please themselves.Meanwhile in the sacrifice, people who pray for the totem God's favor and bleings, will fight for the first place to sacrifice the competition.图腾祭的目的是祈吉禳灾，划龙舟也不例外。民以食为天，端午划龙舟所祈求的，除了平安自然还有丰收。
The purpose of totem god worship is to pray for luck and dispel the disaster, Loong boat racing is no exception from that.And the Loong Boat Racing is also for the purpose of peace and harvest.龙舟竞渡不仅是一场速度的比拼，也是为了祈求龙王保佑风调雨顺、稻谷丰登。
In all, Loong Boat Festival is not only a speed competition, but also to pray for good weather with harvest and prosperity.蒋村龙舟
“Loong Boat of Jiang Village”
蒋村龙舟起源于唐朝，盛行于明清。
The Loong Boat of Jiang Village originated from the Tang Dynasty and flourished in the Ming and Qing dynasties.从唐代开始，西溪一带村民们便自发组织龙舟赛，以祈求风调雨顺。到清代，这一习俗被乾隆皇帝御封为“龙舟胜会”
From the beginning of the Tang Dynasty, in Xixi wetland area, the villagers spontaneously organized the dragon boat race to pray for good weather.By the Qing Dynasty, the custom was bestowed by the emperor Qian Long as ”The Great Loong Boat Race“.现在的西溪“龙舟胜会”，已成为国家级非物质文化遗产。西溪龙舟，不赛速度赛表演，颇有“花样”划龙舟的意味，极具地方特色。
Now the XixiLoong Boat Festival has become a national intangible cultural heritage.XixiLoong boat racing is not a speed performance.Instead, there is a unique Loong Boat ”stroke pattern" of the race with very local features.1龙舟在水中上下起伏的幅度，宛如一条巨龙在水上前行翻腾。The Loong boat fluctuated up and down in the water like a huge Loong swim on the water.2龙头喷水越大说明划手划的越好。
The larger the water spray of the dragon head, the better the skills of the rowers.3出浆的整齐和协同反映出整个队伍划手的训练有素。If the movements can be neat and uniform, it could show the profeional of the whole team.船只特点
The Features of the Boats 钱塘龙船龙头、龙角较余杭龙船的稍大，龙肩也较宽，雕刻较为精美，色彩多样。
蒋村龙舟祭祀流程
The Procedure of the Jiang Village Loong Boat Worship 扎龙船
“ZhaLoongChuan” the Loong Boats Decoration 端午临近时，将船只装饰成龙舟，西溪一带称为“扎龙船”。
讨飨（xiang）
“Tao Xiang” The Sacrifice Accumulation 蒋村划龙舟有“讨飨”习俗，农历四月二十四日开始，或在五月初一开始，西溪各自然村的龙舟队伍纷纷出发，走村串户上门募捐，一龙船在前敲锣打鼓，后船接钱款、烟酒等，这些募捐物为端午日操办船酒用，俗称“讨飨”。
请龙王
“Qing Loong Wang” the Loong Master Summoning People put all the sacrifice(fish, meat, cake,etc.)on the shrine to worship the Loong master.五月初五端午这天，龙舟头家的堂屋正中摆上供桌，摆上鱼、肉（以前是猪头）、糕点、瓜果和锡纸、银圆等祭品，点烛燃香，鞭炮炸响，众人在龙舟头率领下恭恭敬敬请出龙王，供上之后，向龙王跪拜叩头。
胜漾
“Sheng Yang” Ceremonial Cruise The decorated Loong Boats are in the trial races considered as the warming up of the game and the test of boats.请龙王后，众人裝扮龙舟。满天幛龙舟饰物多，装扮的人也多。给龙角披上红丝锦，称为“披红”。装扮之后试划龙舟，在村里河道划三圈，出村划上一圈，俗称“胜漾”实为西溪方言，指驾着龙舟到村前或附近某个较宽的水面试划，实际上是是划龙舟的热身活动，也是检验龙舟的过程。
龙王巡游
“Loong Wang Xun You”Loong Master Parade Loong Boats are rowed on the route near the village which means the commencement of the Race.按照既定路线将龙舟遍划附近村庄，是龙舟胜会的开始阶段，提示端午将至，营造龙舟胜会社会氛围。
吃龙船酒
“Chi LoongChuanJiu” The Enjoyment of Loong Boat Feast The villagers share the food together.胜漾之后，全村众人到龙船头家摆上的酒席上喝酒吃鱼肉，吃完后大约十二点半左右，各村龙舟纷纷划到深潭口村古樟树下赛龙舟。
谢龙王
“XieLoong Wang” Gratitude for Loong Master The closing ceremony ritual 龙舟胜会最后程序是谢龙王，又称“散龙王”，相当于龙舟盛会的闭幕式。
Chinese Loong Boats Story
为弘扬中华传统文化“龙舟竞渡”, 提升中华民族在世界舞台重新崛起的影响力，为中华传统龙舟文化传承出一份力。
