数字化生物教学资源库的建立_数字化教学资源库

数字化生物教学资源库的建立由刀豆文库小编整理，希望给你工作、学习、生活带来方便，猜你可能喜欢“数字化教学资源库”。

生物学是一门实验科学,有些原理和规律在中小学校现有的条件下很难通过的简单实验求得证实,因此需要教学资源的辅助。在中小学乃至大学生物教学中,教学资源的优劣直接影响了教学,没有教学资源的支持,再好的课程理想也只能停留在理论层面上,不能带来良好的效果。

“数字化生物教学资源”指的是以数字化为表现形式的生物类素材性资源,比如:电子教案、课件、生物多媒体资源(声音、图片、视频等)、存在于因特网上的参考资料等,与之相对的是“实物生物教学资源”,比如纸介质的图书资料、传统的教具、实验器材和模型等。数字化生物教学资源的汇聚,就构成了资源库,我们称之为数字化生物教学资源库。

随着计算机、电子与通讯技术的快速增长,以及全球网络使用的普及,可预见21世纪的教育教学的质量将取决于对信息的掌握和利用的程度。因此,实现生物教学资源的数字化并建立生物教学资源库将对生物教学的发展产生广泛而深远的影响。

将实物生物教学资源数字化并建立教学资源库,将其与电子技术及网络技术有机地结合,不仅可以快速的查找和获取相关信息,推动基于现代信息技术服务于教学,拓展实物教学资源的应用范围,还将实现最大程度的教学资源共享,提高教学工作的效率,避免重复投入,收获更高质量的教学成果。

目前国内市场上比较主流的资源库大多以学科分类、年级水平、资源类型、资源格式、教学主题为线索组织,这种形式方便了用户提取信息,特别是以主题为线索的资源组织方式,得到了较大的发展,受到广泛的认可。

以主题为线索的资源库不仅方便了用户的使用,同时通过建立内部激励机制(多以电子货币为手段),鼓励用户上传自己创设或收集的精品资源,有效提高了资源库的信息更新问题,但这些资源也缺乏系统的整理,降低了资源的应用价值。虽然国内的教学资源库近年来发展迅速,但生物教学资源库方面,目前还几乎处于空白状态。目前,在各大高校、自然博物馆、科技馆中,拥有大量的实物生物资源(例如标本)和数字化资源(例如图片和视频)。生物教师在长期的教学工作中,也都积累了大量的教案、课件和相关资源。尽管这些资源还处于未经整理的最初级阶段,而且很多资源尚未完成数字化,无法组成教学资源库,但它们都为数字化生物教学资源库的建立提供了珍贵的原始素材。2002年教育部制定的“基础教育教学资源元数据规范”,为资源库建设提供了统一的标准,为数字化生物教学资源库的建立提供了理论依据。

1方法与步骤

1.1研究目标

(1)对实物生物教学资源进行数字化,并整合各类已经数字化的资源,建立数字化生物教学资源库。

(2)开展数字化生物教学资源库的应用研究,编写应用软件、建立网络服务,探索生物教学资源库在教学实践中的应用。

1.2研究内容

(1)收集各类生物教学资源并完成数字化。生物教学资源包括:生物教师在教学过程中积累数字化或实物教学资源;高等学校和科技馆、博物馆开发的生物类资源;教研单位自主设计、开发的数字化生物教学资源等。

(2)在生物教学资源库的基础上进行深入的挖掘和研究。包括基于网络设备的生物教学软件的开发、基于移动终端生物教学软件的开发以及数字化生物教学资源库在创新性课程和实验课程中的应用等。以便将生物教学软件的开发应用到实处。

1.3研究步骤

将数字化生物教学资源库建设与应用依次推进并不断完善,具体步骤可分三个阶段。第一阶段包括:(1)收集生物教学资源。(2)初步建立数字化生物教学资源库。(3)基于已有的资源进行软件开发和网络平台建设。第二阶段包括:(1)增加和完善数字化生物教学资源库内容。(2)将建立好的生物教学资源库应用于教学实践并收集反馈和意见。(3)根据反馈获得的意见完善软件和应用。第三阶段包括:(1)生物教学资源库生物教学资源库推广和大面积应用。(2)与时俱进,不断完善资源库的内容和软件功能。

其中,生物教学资源的收集应贯穿于各个实施阶段,注意事项如下。

(1)与高等学校、科技馆和博物馆合作,开展实物生物资源的数字化工作以及数字化生物教学资源的收集、开发和整理工作。

(2)按照统一的标准和主线对数字化的资源进行校对、归类和规范化,初步建立数字化生物教学资源库。(3)在实验学校开展资源库应用,将资源库与生物教学实践相结合,收取反馈意见。(4)根据实际应用对数字化生物教学资源库进行调整,针对在教学实践中发现的问题调整应用软件和网络平台。

2讨论

生物课程的实施质量很大程度上取决于教学资源资的优劣,本文研究成果将直接应用于生物教学实践,为目前我国基础教育和高等教育改革提供探索性经验。数字教育资源的建设与应用研究,是中央电教馆“十二五”全国教育技术研究规划课题中重点关注的问题。本文正是以此为出发点,开展数字化生物教学资源库的建设方法研究,将信息技术与教育教学深度融合,进行应用导向和机制创新。数字化生物教学资源库的价值还在于其通用性。目前,许多省份都出版了针对该省的生物教材,一些针对教材的实物资源和数字资源并不能与课程紧密结合。而教学资源库不存在教材的适配问题,可以通过资源的重新整合适用所有的教材,具有广泛的适用性。

生物是一门实验学科,几乎每一堂课都涉及实验或演示的内容,教师需要通过各种教学资源的组合和应用向学生传授知识,展示瑰丽的生物世界并启发学生的探索精神。总之,开展生物数字化教学资源的建设是十分必要且紧迫的。本文提出了建立数字化生物教学资源库的一般性方法,未来还要将其应用于教学实践,并总结出一套行之有效的模式,开发出实用的应用软件和平台。

Biology is an experimental science, some principles and rules in primary and secondary schools of the existing conditions were confirmed by a simple experiment very hard, so you need to auxiliary teaching resources.In primary and secondary schools and university biological teaching, the teaching resources fit and unfit quality directly affects the teaching, without the support of teaching resources, it is a good course ideal can only stay at the theoretical level, do not bring good results.“Digital teaching resources” is refers to the biological material in the form of digital resources, such as: electronic leon plans, courseware, multimedia resources(sound, images, video, etc.), exists in the resources on the Internet, etc., as opposed to a “real life teaching resources”, such as via printing.on books and materials, teaching AIDS, experiment equipment and the traditional model, etc.Digital convergence of biological teaching resources, make up the repository, we call it digital biological teaching resource database.With the rapid growth of the computer, electronics and communication technology, and global the popularity of Internet use, foreseeable education quality of teaching in the 21st century will depend on the degree of the mastery and use of information.Therefore, the realization of digital and establish the biological teaching of biology teaching resources repository to the development of biological teaching extensive and far-reaching impact.Will real biological digital teaching resources and establish the teaching resource, with the organic integration of electronic technology and network technology, not only can quickly find and acce to relevant information, promote service based on modern information technology in teaching, and expand the application range of the object teaching resources, will achieve the greatest degree of teaching resources sharing, improve the efficiency of the teaching work, avoid duplication of investment, gain a higher quality of teaching achievements.On the domestic market at present is most mainstream repository to subject claification, grade level, resource type, resource formats, teaching topic for clues to the organization, this form is convenient for the user to extract information, especially on the theme of clues resources organization, get the larger development, has been widely recognized.Repository for clues by subject not only convenient for the user's use, at the same time, through the establishment of internal incentive mechanism, by means of electronic currency), encourage users to upload their creating or collection of resources, and effectively improve the repository information update problems, but these resources are lack of system, reduces the application value of resources.Repository is developing rapidly in recent years, although the domestic teaching but biological teaching resource, it is almost in a blank state.Currently, in colleges and universities, the natural museum, science museum, with a large number of real biological resources(such as specimens)and digital resources(such as images and video).Biology teacher in long-term teaching work, have accumulated a lot of leon plans, courseware and related resources.Although these resources is still in the undigested most primary stage, and a lot of digital resources is not yet complete, unable to form teaching database, but they are for the establishment of digital biological teaching database provides a valuable raw material.In 2002 the ministry of education of “basic education teaching resource metadata specification”, provides a unified standard for repository construction, for the digital provides theory basis for the establishment of the biological teaching resource database.A method and steps of 1.1 the research target(1)to digital real biological teaching resources, and integrate all kinds of have the digital resources, establishing digital teaching resource database.(2)to carry out the digital repository research and application of the biological teaching writing application software, network services, explores the application of the biological teaching resource in teaching practice.1.2 the research content(1)to collect all kinds of creatures and completes the digital teaching resources.Biological teaching resources include: biological teachers in the teaching proce to accumulate digital or physical teaching resources;Institutions of higher learning and the development of science and technology museum, museum of biological resources;Research unit of the independent design and development of digital teaching resources, etc.(2)in the biological teaching database on the basis of in-depth excavation and research.Including the development of biological teaching software based on network equipment, mobile terminal based biological teaching software development and digital teaching resources database in the application of innovative courses and experimental courses, etc.So that the biological teaching software development and application to practice.1.3 the research steps Will digital biological teaching resource database construction and application, in turn, promote and continuously perfect, concrete steps can be divided into three stages.The first stage includes:(1)to collect biological teaching resources.(2)establish a digital teaching resource database.(3)based on the existing www.daodoc.com www.daodoc.com resources for software development and network platform construction.The second stage includes:(1)increase and improve the digital teaching resource database content.(2)will build good biological teaching database is applied to teaching practice and collect the feedback and comments.(3)according to the opinion of the feedback gain perfect software and applications.Third stage includes:(1)the biological teaching database biological teaching database extension and widespread application.(2)to keep pace with The Times, constantly improve the content of the repository and software function.Among them, the collection of biological teaching resources should be through each stage of implementation, matters needing attention are as follows.(1)cooperation with colleges and universities, science and technology museum and the museum, to carry out the physical biological resources of digital work, and digital biological teaching resource collection, development and finishing work.(2)in accordance with the unified standard and the main line of digital resources for proofreading,www.daodoc.com claification and standardization, preliminary build digital teaching resource database.(3)in experimental schools for the database application, combining repository and the biology teaching practice, collect feedback.(4)according to the practical application of digital biology teaching resource adjustment, in view of the problems found in the teaching practice to adjust application software and network platform.2 discu Biological course of the implementation of the quality depends largely on the pros and cons of teaching resources endowment, this article research results will be directly applied to biology teaching practice, to provide basic education and higher education reform in China at present exploratory experience.Digital education resources construction and application, it is the central DianJiaoGuan “twelfth five-year” national education technology focus on the problems in the research project planning.This article is precisely as a starting point, study on the method of digital biology teaching resource construction, the information technology and the education teaching depth fusion, application guide and mechanism innovation.Digital value lies in its versatility of biological teaching resource database.At present, many provinces are published in the province of biological materials, some physical resources for teaching material and does not bind to course of digital resources.And the adaptation problem of the teaching resource does not exist, can by a new integration of resources for all the teaching material, has wide applicability.Biology is an experimental subject, involving almost every cla experiment or the content of the presentation, teachers need to through the combination of various teaching resources and impart knowledge to students, showing magnificent creatures of the world and inspire students' exploration spirit.In a word, develop biological digital instructional resource construction is very neceary and urgent.This paper puts forward the general methods of establishing digital biological teaching database, the future also applied to the teaching practice, and summarized a set of effective patterns, to develop practical applications and platforms.