高一英语单复数知识点_高一英语单复数短语
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语法一致原则
意义一致原则
有or ,either…or ,neither…nor, whether…or…..not only …but also…,not……but……连接时;
在there be…./here be……连接并列主语时,采取就近原则.E g(1)Not only his children but also he himselfwants to go there.(2)Either my wife or I am going towork there.就近原则的使用情况:
当作主语的两个名词或代词由or ,either…or ,neither…nor, whether…or…..not only …but also…,not……but……连接时;在there be…./here be……句型中
有together with, with, as well as , but(除了), except ,besides,rather than, including ,along, along with, like.连接并列主语时,采取从前原则.由and 或both----and 连接两个人(事物)时谓语动词用复数。
如果and 连接的两个词是指同一个人,同一事物或同一概念,则两个名词共用一个冠词,谓语用单数。两个经常出现在一起的食物可以合为一体:刀叉
every…and(every)……;each …and(each)…;no …and(no)…;many a …and(many a)…连接两个单数名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
one/every one / each/ either/ neither/the other/another anybody/ anyone/ anything/ somebody/ someone/something/ everybody/everyone/everything/nobody/ no one/ nothing/ the number+of +复数名词作主语或是独立充当主语时,谓语动词用单数
some(of), plenty of, a lot of ,most(of), the rest of ,all(of), half(of), part(of), the majority of,分数或百分数+of +名词等短语作主语时,谓语动词与of 后的名词或则和其替代的名词保持数的一致。none 有时作单数看待,有时作复数看待,主要根据说话人的意思决定。
eg.None of the books are easy enough for us.None of us has a camera.None of the moneypaid to me.one and a half做主语时,谓语动词用做单数。One and a half years has paed.One and a half apples has rotted away
和+单数名词的意义相同,均表示“不只一个”,但前者用作复数,后者用作单数。more than + 两个以上的数字+名词复数做主语时,谓语动词用复数。
More students than one were punished.=More than one student was punished.表示时间,数目,距离,价格,度量衡,学科等名词的复数作主语,并作为整体看待时,谓语动词用单数。
以s 结尾的词,但表示学科、国家、机构、书籍、报刊等名称作主语,谓语用单数。非自然景观!
由山脉、群岛、瀑布、运动会等s 结尾的专有名词作主语谓语用复数。自然景观!与运动会!表示成双成套的名词,如:trousers, shorts, shoes ,socks, sciors, glaes, compaes,等做主语时,谓语动词用复数。
集合名词cla , family, army, enemy, team , group , government, staff , audience , crowd, public ,committee 等作主语时,若强调整体,谓语用单数,若表示组成该集体的成员,谓语用复数。有些名词本身表示复数概念,其谓语动词用复数形式,如people, police ,cattle, goods, youth, clothes等
“定冠词+adj/分词”表示一类具体的人或物时,谓语一般用复数,一个不定式,动名词,从句作主语时,谓语要用单数形式。
两个或两个以上的不定式,动名词或是从句做主语时,谓语用复数。
但是如同这两个结构指一个概念,仍然用单数。
clothing, furniture, traffic, jewellery, baggage, equipment, luggage 等无生命的集合名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
在定语从句中,谓语动词总是与先行词保持一致。
在倒装句中,谓语动词往往与其后的第一个主语取得一致。也就是说,倒装句要采用就近原则。In the room was found a hat, a few suits of clothes and some shoes and socks.