GCT英语核心词汇_解析(二)必备学习_gct英语核心词汇表
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美式论文、报告写作技巧
编者按：美式教育的特点即是课程内容强调学生参与及创新运用，因此，报告便成了常见的考核学生学习成果的方式，比如实验报告、学期报告、专题报告、研究报告及论文（含毕业论文）等。研究生presentation 及 seminar 的机会更是占很大的比重，有些甚至占学期成绩很大比例。如何完成报告、论文同时得到良好的成绩，是本文提供给有志留学的有心人参考的目的。
美国大学生由於自小已养成自动寻找答案习惯，在启发式的教育环境下，写报告、论文对他们来说比较不陌生，虽然专业知识上美国学生不见得比外籍学生强，但是表达能力由於自小培养，加上英语能力的优势，常比外籍学生在报告、论文方面有较隹的利基。反之中国学生比较缺乏报告写作的训练，因此如果在留学过程中无法适应美式教育会比较辛苦，其实论文、报告的写作要领其实不难，只要把握技巧就可水到渠成。
通常论文由篇首(Preliminaries)，本文(Texts)以及参考资料(References)三部分构成；而这三大部分各自内容如下：
(一)篇首：
封面(Title)序言(Preface)
谢词(Acknowledge)提要(Summary)
目录(Tables and Appendixes)
(二)本文：
引言(Introduction)
主体，含篇(Part)、章(Chapter)、节(Section)、以及注释(Footnotes)
(三)参考资料：
参考书目(References or Bibliography)附录资料(Appendix)。
进行论文或报告写作之前，先要确定想要表达的主题，主题确定后，将其具体表达，即为题目。题目可以提供研究者：
一.研究的方向
二.研究的范围
三.资料搜集的范围
四.预期研究成果
通常在确定题目之後就开始找资料从事研究，建议在找资料之前最好去问教授有哪些参考资料来源可供参考引用。构思为确定写作大纲或 Proposal 的先前步骤，大纲是论文、报告的骨干，Proposal 是研究的架构、流程及范围的说明书。如何构思大纲或Proposal为论文、报告写作前的必要准备工作。好的论文或研究报告，要基于在完整、详实的资料上，而参考资料除了和教授商借之外，最主要的来源就是图书馆了，一般参考资料来源可分成教科书或手册、政府机构的报告、科技或商业方面的杂志，及会议性质的资料。此外现代的电脑资料库也可帮助收集资料，在国外可利用学校的电脑连线资料库寻找自己需要的资料。当一切准备就绪，即可开始着手写报告，一般报告还分大报告如期末、专题等报告，及小报告如 Seminar 式的报告。
就算是小报告，也至少应含
(一)TITLE PAGES ：包含主题名称、作者、日期
(二)Summary： 即主要的结论
(三)Introduction：包括理论背景及内容
(四)Technical Sections：是论文的主体，为最重要的部份应再细分为 几个片断。
(五)Conclusions：即扼要的结论
(六)Appendixes：复杂公式的导引及叁考资料和电脑程式的报表可附加在 此项
美式报告的撰写通常要打字，两行式，行间若有未拼完的字要以音节来连接。写报告通常需要用到电脑，如有计算数字统计图表的需求，也常会用到程式软体如PASCAL、LOTUS，统计分析软体如SAS，也是不可或缺的，电脑绘图在今日已成为工商界及学术界的重要工具，文书处理更是最基本的要求，因此Word for Window、Powerpoint、Excel便成了颇受欢迎的工具。此外在英文语法、文法上的润饰与修改，如能请老美帮忙会比较好。
论文、报告完成后有时会需要做解说(Presentation)，用英文来讲演对中国人来说算是一大挑战，通常课堂讲演时间为十五分钟到三十分钟，若是论文囗试则至少一小时。投影机及麦克风的使用对讲演的效果有很大帮助，正式讲演前多预习几次，时间宜控制适中，上台时忌讳低头拿着报告照念，需留意听众的反应，切中主题，避免太多数字的导引。
GCT英语核心词汇 解析(二)
41． collapse 基本含义及用法
1、倒坍；坍陷
The unexpected rainstorm caused the collapse of the roof.突然来临的暴风雨把屋顶刮塌了。The roof of the old house collapsed.这座旧房子的房顶坍了。
2、突然病倒；突然失败；（价格等）暴跌 the collapse of plans 计划失败
3、衰竭；衰弱；突然体力不支 a state of near collapse 体力近乎崩溃 The old man collapsed in the street.n collapse 复习提醒:未见于历年真题
42． collide with 基本含义及用法 vi.(车等)碰撞；(意志等)冲突，抵触（with）
In running round the corner, he collided with another man.在跑过拐角时，他撞上另一个人。
If the aims of two countries collide，there may be war.如果两国的目标冲突，就可能发生战争。复习提醒:
1、关注该短语中的介词搭配：with2、2003年阅读理解中曾经出现于正文
43． commerce N.商业、贸易
domestic commerce 国内贸易 foreign commerce 对外贸易 词性转化： commercial:
1、商业的commercial depreion商业萧条commercial company贸易公司
2、商品化的； 商用的 commercial iron 商品铁 以获利为目的的； 质量低劣的 commercial artist: 受大众欢迎的艺术家 commercialism n.商业主义，商业精神，商业习惯； 商业文体［用语］ commercialist n.商业家，商业主义者； 营利主义者
44． comfort
N.1、安乐；舒适；安逸
He lived in comfort.他过得很舒服。
2、安慰；慰藉
a word of comfort to a dying man 对临死的人说的安慰话
Sometimes a few words of comfort to the one who has just failed may encourage him to stand up and even try to make a comeback.当一个人失败时几句安慰话也许会使他重新站起来甚至东山再起。
3、安慰者；慰藉物；给予安慰的东西 She was a great comfort to her parents.她是她父母的最大安慰。
vt 安慰；鼓舞
She comforted the ill child.她安慰这个生病的孩子。comfort him for his misfortunes 因他的遭遇不幸而安慰他
He comforted his back with soft cushions.他铺上软垫使背部舒适些。Dutch comfort 聊以自慰的宽解 give comfort to 安慰 词性转化： comfortable:舒适的discomfort：不适、不便之处 discomfortable:不适的，不舒服的 comfortle：缺乏安慰的、不舒适的45． compel1、强迫； 使不得不； 迫使（屈服），强制顺从［同意］ I was compelled to do so by absolute neceity.我因绝对的需要，被迫这样做的。
He was compelled by illne to suspend his experiment.他因病不得不暂时中断实验。
2、获得； 强取
His cleverne and skill compel our admiration.他的聪明和技艺博得我们的赞赏。
compel sb.to do sth.强迫某人做某事 be compelled to(do)不得不（做）
同义词：force I forced myself to practice daily.He was forced to take a second job.我强迫自己每天练习。他被迫要找第二份工作 forced my foot into the shoe.将脚硬塞入鞋中 force a confeion.逼供
the forces of evil.恶势力
关于force的短语 in force In full strength;in large numbers: 大批的；大量的： Demonstrators were out in force.大批示威者上街 In effect;operative: 有效的；操作性的： a rule that is no longer in force.不再有效的规则
46． compensate to compensate sb.for 为„向某人赔偿
Nothing can compensate for the lo of time.虚度光阴是无法补偿的（光阴一去不复还）
Nothing can compensate the young mother for the lo of her favrourite daughter.年轻的妈妈丧失了自己心爱的女儿是任何东西也弥补不了的。
同义词组： make up for How can we make up to you for what you have suffered? 我们如何补偿你所遭受的损害？ make up for lost time 补回失去的时间
They hurried on to make up for lost time.他们加速进行以补回失去的时间。
47． compose of（由„）组成，构成Water is composed of hydrogen and oxygen.水是由氢和氧组成的。
the many ethnic groups that compose our nation.构成我们国家的多种民族 48． conceal
vt.隐藏，隐瞒； 遮住； 对...保密 conceal one's feelings隐藏感情 hide conceal the news from his mother 对他母亲隐瞒这个消息
反义词： disclose: 揭露、透露 to disclose the truth 透露真情
The president disclosed the fact that he was put into prison wrongly twenty years before.董事长透露说他自己在二十年前曾被冤枉地送进监牢。reveal
reveal one's identity揭示身分
reveal a mystery [secret] 揭露一个秘密
49． condemn1、谴责；反对 To expre strong disapproval of Most people are willing to condemn violence of any sort as evil.大多数人都愿意把任何暴力行为视作恶行加以谴责。
2、（常与to连用）判以死刑或无期徒刑 be condemned to death 被判死刑 相当于sentence
sentenced the murderer to life in prison.宣判杀人犯终身监禁
3、宣告„不适用 This house is condemned.这房子已被宣布不能住人了。同义词：criticize1、批评；挑剔；责难
His policies were severely criticized.他的政策受到了严厉批评。
2、评论
Would you like to read and criticize my new book? 你愿不愿意读一读我的新书并给以评论？
3、criticize sb.for doing sth.责备某人做某事
反义词：admire /praise
50． confirm
confirm v.tr.verify1、进一步证实；确定；支持
Please confirm your telephone meage by writing to me.请给我来封信，好进一步证实你在电话中传达的消息。
My employer will confirm that I was there on time.“我的雇主将会证实,我是准时到达的。” 同义词：verify.Verify表示通过和原件或一已确定的事实比较而得到证实：
The bank refused to cash the check until the signature was verified.银行直到签字得到了确认才兑现了这张支票
2、To make firmer;strengthen:加强：坚定（信念）
The recent airplane crash confirms my belief that stronger safety regulations are needed.最近的坠机事件使我更坚信我们需要更健全的安全法规
51． conflict fighting conflict between the two countries两国间的冲突 cla conflict阶级斗争
a hand-to-hand conflict短兵相接 a bloody conflict血战 an irreconcilable conflict不可调和的矛盾
come into conflict with和...冲突
in conflict with...同...相冲突［有抵触，有矛盾］
vi 冲突；争执；抵触
The two stories conflicted, so I did not know what to believe.两个故事相冲突，我不知道相信哪一个。
52． conserve
To protect from lo or harm;preserve:
保存保护从而使其不受损失或伤害；保存：
calls to conserve our national heritage in the face of bewildering change.呼吁大家在面临令人手足无措的改变时，要保护我们的民族遗产 To preserve(fruits)with sugar.用糖来保存（水果）
tried to conserve on fuel during the long winter.设法在漫长的冬天里尽量节省燃料
“People have to learn to conserve water anytime, especially during the drought.” “大家必须学会节约用水,特别是在干旱期间。”
词性转化： conservation 保护；保存
There is a need for the conservation of trees, or there will soon be no forests.有必要保护树木，否则不久将会没有森林了。
节约（自然资源）
“However, conservation alone is not the answer.” “然而,仅仅靠节约还不是解决问题的办法。” Conservation of water is of great importance in desert areas.沙漠地区实行控制用水非常重要。Conservative 保守的、守旧的Tending to conserve;preservative:有助于保存的；保护性的： the conservative use of natural resources.对自然资源的合理使用 Conservative party(英国的)保守党 a conservative estimate审慎的估计 conservative grazing适度放牧
同义词：
preserve 保护；防护；维护
The Town Council spent a lot of money to preserve the old castle and other places of historic interest.市政委员会花了不少钱来维修那座古城堡和其它古迹。保存；保藏
You can preserve meat or fish in salt.你可以用盐保存肉或鱼。防腐
Salt preserves food from decay.盐能防止食物腐烂。preserve eggs in salt腌蛋
Ice helps to preserve food.冰有助于保存食物。
You look well preserved.你看起来保养得很好。
保持；维持
preserve peace 维持和平
It is one of the duties of the police to preserve public order.警察的职责之一是维持公共秩序。
53． conquer win victory over To conquer or to die.非胜即死，不成功便成仁。conquer shyne/fear of heights 战胜羞怯/恐高 conquer bad habits 克服不良习惯 the conquered 被征服者，败者 the conqueror 征服者，胜利者 Man can conquer nature.人定胜天。
I came I saw I conquered.我来了，我见到了，我征服了。
54． consist of1、To be made up or composed: 由„构成被组成或构成：
New York City consists of five boroughs.纽约市由五个行政区组成His job consists of helping old people who live alone.他的工作包括帮助无人照顾的独居老人。Consist of=be composed of
2、To have a basis;reside or lie: 在于，有一个基础；在于或存在：
The beauty of the plan consists in its simplicity.这个计划妙就妙在简明扼要。
3、To be compatible;accord: 调和的；符合：
Theory should consist with practice.理论应与实践相一致。
55． constant continuous1、不变的；固定的 constant speed 固定速度
2、时常发生的；连续不断的 constant rain 绵绵不断的雨 constant trouble 时常发生的麻烦 constant complaints没完没了的抱怨
3、忠心的；忠贞的；忠实的 a constant friend 忠实的朋友
56． consult
consult about the matter商议此事
consult with counsel（get advice from）与法律顾问商议 consult for a large building firm为大型建筑公司做咨询工作 consult one's pillow通夜思索
consult the interests of the maes考虑群众的利益 consult one's own convenience只顾个人利益 consult one's pleasure听其自便
词形变化：
consultant:顾问、咨询者
57． contain include1、以„为组成部分；包括或由„构成： The album contains many memorable songs.这张唱片中包括许多值得收集的歌曲
2、包含；容纳；装有
Beer contains alcohol.啤酒含有酒精。The speech contained some interesting ideas.这个讲演包括一些有趣的思想。
3、抑制，限制有限制地控制或持有；抑制：To hold or keep within limits;restrain: I could hardly contain my curiosity.我简直无法克制我的好奇心
58． controversial
有争议的争论的、引起争论的或有争议的：arguing a controversial movie;a controversial stand on human rights.一场有争议的电影；引起争议的人权立场 a controversial question 引起争论的问题
Fond of controversy;disputatious.爱争论的；好争辩的 controversy:争论、争议
59． conventional traditional 核心含义：.惯例的, 常规的, 习俗的, 传统的 a conventional church wedding.传统的教堂式婚礼
The chairman made a few conventional remarks.主席说了几句客套话。Convention：
1、习俗
It is the convention for men to wear suits on formal occasions.男子在正式场合穿套装是一种社会习俗。
2、会议；集会；代表会议 a teachers' convention 教师代表会议 conventionalist n.拘泥习俗［因循守旧］的人
60． cope deal with1、（妥善地）处理； 对付，应付； 克服（with）cope with unexpected catastrophes/misfortune 应付突如其来的灾难
She is not a competent driver and can't cope with driving in heavy traffic.“她不是个能干的司机,在交通拥挤时就开不好车。” “Yes, I can cope.” “是的,我能对付。”
2、（机会均等地）竞争，抗衡（with）No one can cope with him in English.在英语方面谁也比不过他。
3、作为名词时的表达 the cope of heaven 苍穹天空 the cope of night 夜的笼照，夜幕
61． crash smash(8月18日)
1、突然轰击；猛使破裂；轰然作响 The airplane crashed over the ocean.飞机在海洋上坠毁
The cars crashed into each other.小汽车轰然相撞。a car crash 汽车撞车事故 an air crash撞机事件 collide, collision2、闯入；冲进
The elephant crashed through the forest.大象冲进森林。
3、adj紧急的；应急的；全力以赴的；速成的 a crash program 紧急计划 a crash diet:决心节食 复习
同义词：smash: smash 也可用作及物或不及物动词，其含义是猛烈击碎或撞碎 Although the bed was smashed to pieces,the man was unhurt.虽然那张床被撞成碎片，但是那个人却没有受伤。
One man stayed at the wheel while two others with black stockings over their faces jumped out and smashed the window of the shop with iron bars.一个人留在驾驶室内，另外两个脸上蒙着黑色针织品的人跳下了车，用铁棒打碎了这家商店的橱窗。（NCE）
62． crawl creep
vi1、爬；爬行
The baby crawled towards his mother.婴孩向他妈妈爬去。
2、蠕动；慢行；徐徐行进 The hours crawled by.时间慢慢地过去。
3、（虫、蚁等）爬满；长满虫 That apple is crawling with worms.那个苹果爬满了虫子。
4、巴结；钻营；向上爬
He will crawl anywhere if he can gain something by it.他到处钻营, 只要能有所得。短语：
make sb.'s flesh crawl/creep 使某人毛发直竖 crawl into sb.'s favour 拍某人马屁 同义词：
1、creep
creep 用于表示四条腿动物的爬行，在指人的动作时，表示蹑手蹑脚地走，词义引伸之后，这个词可以表示身上起鸡皮疙瘩或象虫子爬一样的感觉。
The boys felt tired,so they put out the fire and crept into their tent.孩子们感到累了，所以他们扑灭营火之后就爬进帐蓬了。The cat is creeping silently towards the bird.这只猫正在悄悄地向那只鸟爬去。The baby is just learning to creep.这个婴儿才学着爬。
No one noticed the boy as he crept off.当那个孩子悄悄离去时，谁也没有注意到。
The sight of the rats running about in the house made my flesh creep.看到老鼠在房子里到处乱跑，使我身上起了鸡皮疙瘩。
Creep
n拍马屁者；献媚者
爬；蠕动；缓慢地移动
creep into开始发生于„；溜进„ 辨析：
2、climb 所表示的爬含攀登的意思 The boy climbed up the tree.那个孩子爬上了树。
The old man climbed down the stairs.那老人费劲地走下台阶。
The plane is climbing higher and higher.飞机正在越飞越高。
He is climbing upwards in society.他正爬向上层社会。
63． cruel brutal1、残忍的；冷酷的 He is cruel to animals.他对动物很残酷。
2、痛苦的；引起痛苦的 a cruel wind 无情的风 同义词辨析：
cruel 指“对别人痛苦漠不关心, 或以使人遭受痛苦而乐的”, 如: The cruel master beat his slaves with a whip.残酷的主人鞭打他的奴隶。
brutal语气比 cruel强, 含“野兽般地残忍的”, 如: The brutal soldiers beat their prisoners ruthlely.残暴的士兵野蛮地抽打俘虏。
inhumane 指“不仁慈的”、“无情的”、“残酷的”, 如: inhumane treatment 虐待。
ruthle 指“残忍的”、“无情的”、“没同情心的”, 如: a ruthle behaviour 无情的行为。
反义词：kind/humane/pitiful 64． crush pre down, grind1、.压碎, 碾碎, 压服, 压垮, 粉碎,(使)变形 To extract or obtain by preing or squeezing:
2、榨出通过挤压抽取或榨取： crush juice from a grape.从葡萄中榨出葡萄汁 orange crush.桔子汁
3、挤压；塞
to crush one's way through the crowd 挤过人群
近义词：grind grind wheat into flour.把小麦磨成面粉
to grind the knives and sciors 磨刀和剪子
65． damp moist adj.潮湿的I don’t like to sleep between damp sheets.我不喜欢睡在潮湿的被子里。n 潮湿
You should air the clothes to get the damp out.你应该把衣服晾一下去去潮气。Vt.1、使受潮；使潮湿
His clothes was damped in the rain.他的衣服在雨中淋湿了。
2、使沮丧，使扫兴
Nothing could damp my spirits.没有什么能够减弱我的兴致。damp down
3、抑制；使减少，使降低 to damp down their enthusiasm 给他们的热情泼冷水
4、封（火）
Please damp the fire down before you go to bed.请你在睡觉前把火封好。
66． deadly fatal adj.以ly结尾，然而主要用作形容词（friendly,manly）
1、致命的，deadly fire致命的火力
2、不共戴天的；不可能和解的：deadly enemies.不共戴天的仇敌
3、具有毁灭影响的：
The media gave the film a deadly review.媒体对这部影片给予毁灭性的评论。
4、绝对的；完全的： deadly concentration.绝对专心
5、Extreme or terrible:极度的或可怕的：
worked under deadly strain.在极度的紧张状态下工作
67． debt owing1、债；债务
If I pay all my debts I shall have no money left.如果我偿清了所有的债，我就一分钱不剩了。pay one's debts偿付债款 clear a debt还清欠债
2、欠债，负债 in debt 欠债
Deeply/ deep in debt负债累累 Get/ run /fall into debt负债 俗语和短语：
Debts of blood must be paid in blood.血债要用血来偿。Out of debt, out of danger.[谚]无债一身轻。He that dies pays all debts.[谚]一死百了。
词形变化： debt-ridden adj.负债累累的 68． deceive cheat v.欺骗, 行骗
be deceived in sb.看错了某人, 对某人感到失望 deceive oneself骗自己;误解, 想错 deceive sb.into doing sth.骗某人做某事
He deceived her into thinking he could bring her happine.他骗她，使她相信他会给她带来幸福。deceive sb.with fair words用花言巧语欺骗某人 He that once deceives is ever suspected.[谚]骗人一次, 受疑一世。近义词： Cheat:
1、（常与into, out of连用）骗取；欺诈（某人）
George cheated me but I'll get even with him one day!乔治欺骗了我,总有一天我要跟他算帐。
2、作弊；行骗
He always cheats at cards;I never play with him.他打牌老是作弊,我从来不和他一起打牌。
3、逃脱；免于
The sailors cheated death in the stormy seas.海员们从狂风暴雨的大海中死里逃生。The swimmers cheated death in spite of the storm.虽然有暴风雨，但游泳的人却幸免于难。The criminal cheated the law by suicide.罪犯以自杀逃脱法律制裁。
4、Cheat sb of sth（骗取某人某物）cheated them of their land.骗取他们的土地 cheat sb.(out)of money 骗某人的钱 69． decline go down His health is-ning.他的健康日渐衰退。
They wish that prices would decline.他们希望物价能下降。The arts of China have not declined in spite of Western influence.虽有西方影响, 中国的古老艺术并未因此而衰落。the decline of the Roman Empire 罗马帝国的衰亡
The price of 14 inches TV set declined from 400 to 320 yuan each.14英寸的电视机每台从400元降到320元。短语：
on the decline走下坡路, 在衰退中 the decline of life晚年, 暮年
70． defend guard1、To make or keep safe from danger, attack, or harm.保卫使安全或保持安全，没危险，不受攻击或伤害 defending the island against invasion;保卫岛屿不受侵犯；
tried to defend his reputation.试图保护他的声誉 近义词：
Guard：含有看守的意思：
police guarding the entrance to the embay;看守大使馆出口处的警察；
guarded the house against intruders.看守房子以警戒入侵者。Protect：常含有提供安全的方式来驱开不适、伤害或进攻： bought a dog to protect the children from unfriendly strangers;买一条狗保护孩子们避开不友善的陌生人； wore sunglaes to protect my eyes;戴太阳镜保护我的眼睛；
2、守卫；防御：He's better at defending than attacking.他的防守优于进攻。
3、为„辩护：The accused man had a lawyer to defend him.被告有一律师为他辩护。71． deficit lo1、亏损, 亏空(额),赤字, 逆差, financial deficit：财政赤字 cover the deficit 弥补亏损
2、欠缺
a deficit in grain production.谷物产量不足 a deficit of rain: 缺雨
72． delay postpone1、To postpone until a later time;defer.延期；推迟
We decided to delay our holiday until next month.我们决定将休假延至下个月。responded without delay.即刻回信
2、To cause to be later or slower than expected or desired: 使„延迟使„比期望的要迟一些或慢一些： Heavy traffic delayed us.交通堵塞使我们迟到了
The bus was delayed by a cloudburst.由于大暴雨，公共汽车来迟了。
The letter was delayed three days by the train accident.这次火车事故使这封信耽搁了三天。
After a delay of one hour, we continued our journey.耽搁一小时后，我们又继续旅行。
admit of no delay 刻不容缓 without delay 赶快, 立刻 73． Delete To remove by striking out or canceling: 划掉，删除：
deleted some unneceary words in the first draft.删去初稿中不必要的词 同义词：remove/erase
74． deny refuse
1、否认；否定；拒绝相信
He said that I had stolen his bicycle, but I denied it.他说我偷了他的自行车，可是我否认了。
2、背弃；摒弃 He denied his country.他背弃了自己的国家。
3、拒绝；不给；不予；不允许；
He denies his wife nothing.他对他的妻子有求必应。
4、To decline to grant or allow;refuse:
拒绝给予或允许；拒绝；驳回（某项请求）deny the student's request;拒绝学生的请求； denied the prisoner food or water.不给犯人食物和水 词性转化：
denial:名词 否认、否定
Marry made a public denial of the rumor.玛丽当众辟谣。The denial of basic human rights: 拒绝给与基本人权
75． depart leave1、To go away;leave.走开；离开 depart for some place(启程前往某地)The train will depart from platform 7.那火车在7号月台出发。
反义词：reach/ arrive2、To die.死亡(= depart this life)（leave/ pa away）
3、（常与from连用）背离，违反 depart from custom.脱离习俗
a treatment for cancer that departs from the usual method.一次不循常规的癌症治疗。
名词形式：
departure：Check in at the airport an hour before departure.请在起飞前1小时到机场核检登机。注意区分：
department: 部门，系，the design department设计部门；the English department 英语系 department store:百货商店
76． depreion hard times
1、低气压区；低气压
A depreion usually brings bad weather.低气压通常带来坏天气。
2、沮丧；愁苦；抑郁；失望情绪 A holiday will help his depreion.度假会帮助他改善抑郁情绪。
4、萧条，不景气；经济萧条时期（hard times）great depreion大萧条 mild depreion轻度萧条 nervous depreion神经衰弱 反义词：encouragement inspiration 动词形式：depre vt 压下；降低
1、使贬值；使跌价；使减等
Does ma unemployment depre wages? 大量人口失业会使工资降低吗？
2、使不活泼；使萧条
3、使沮丧；使愁苦；使忧愁
He was depreed because he had not paed his examinations.他很沮丧，因为他没有通过考试。
The rainy days always depre me.雨天总是使我沮丧。同义词：discourage 反义词：encourage inspire 77． devise design
设计, 想出, 创造, 发明 图谋;策划
A teacher devised a game as a way of making math fun.一位老师设计出一种可以让数学好玩的游戏。【律】遗赠(财产)devise a new plan 设计新计划 devise how to do sth.计划如何做某事
78． discount1、折扣 作为名词 reduction at 15% discount打八五折 discount of 30%七折
They give 10% discount for cash payment.现金付款, 他们给以九折优待。作为动词
be discounted at 10 %打九折
The store discounted all clothing for the sale.该店服装全部减价出售。
2、不全信;不重视 作为名词
accept a statement with some discount不全信一种说法 作为动词
discount what he said不全信他说的话 with some discount打折扣, 以保留态度 account : 帐目、报道、原因、考虑 account for To constitute the governing or primary factor: 导致，引起构成决定性的或主要的因素： Bad weather accounted for the long delay.长期的延缓是因为坏天气
To provide an explanation or justification: 做出解释，提出理由：
The suspect couldn't account for his time that night.嫌疑犯不能说明那天晚上他的时间安排 take into account on account of因为, 由于;为了
on no account(=not on any account)决不可以, 切莫
79． display show 展示；陈列；表现 作为动词：
The children's work was displayed on the wall.孩子们的作品在墙上展出来了。
Mr Brown seemed to display no feelings when they told him the news.“他们把消息告诉布朗先生时,他好象无动于衷。” The peacock displayed its fine tail feathers when it noticed any gay colours.孔雀看到鲜艳的颜色就开屏。作为名词
On New Year's Eve the display of fireworks offers many attractions.除夕之夜的焰火很吸引人。展览品；陈列品
All the parents were looking at the display of children's work.所有的父母都在看孩子们的作品展览。on display 正在展览中
The work was on display.作品正在展出。
近义词： show 展览、显示、表明 show up:
1、露面
2、暴露或揭示„的真实特征或本质：
showed their efforts up as a waste of time.显示他们的努力只是浪费时间
80． distinct
1、有区别的，不同的，on two distinct occasions.在两种不同的场合 同义词：different
A is distinct from B in every respect.在各个方面A跟B截然不同。
2、明显的，清楚的易于被感觉和智慧察觉的；清晰的： a distinct flavor.独特风味 同义词：clear，4、确定无误的；确切的：
at a distinct disadvantage.确实处于不利条件
5、Very likely;probable:很有可能的，可能的： There is a distinct poibility that she won't come.她很有可能不来了
6、Notable:卓越的，不寻常的： a distinct honor and high privilege.显赫的名声和崇高的殊荣
There is a distinct improvement in your study.你的学习有显著进步。反义词：indistinct 不清楚的；模糊的I have only an indistinct memory of my grandfather.我对祖父只有模糊的印象。
英语作文常用谚语、俗语
1、A liar is not believed when he speaks the truth.说谎者即使讲真话也没人相信。
2、A little knowledge is a dangerous thing.一知半解，自欺欺人。
3、All rivers run into sea.海纳百川。
4、All roads lead to Rome.条条大路通罗马。
5、All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.只会用功不玩耍，聪明孩子也变傻。
6、A bad beginning makes a bad ending.不善始者不善终。
7、Actions speak louder than words.事实胜于雄辩。
8、A faithful friend is hard to find.知音难觅。
9、A friend in need is a friend indeed.患难见真情。
10、A friend is easier lost than found.得朋友难，失朋友易。
11、A good beginning is half done.良好的开端是成功的一半。
12、A good beginning makes a good ending.善始者善终。
13、A good book is a good friend.好书如挚友。
14、A good medicine tastes bitter.良药苦口。
15、A mother's love never changes.母爱永恒。
16、An apple a day keeps the doctor away.一天一苹果，不用请医生。
17、A single flower does not make a spring.一花独放不是春，百花齐放春满园。
18、A year's plan starts with spring.一年之计在于春。
19、A young idler, an old beggar.少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲。
20、Better late than never.不怕慢，单怕站。
21、By reading we enrich the mind.读书使人充实，22、Care and diligence bring luck.谨慎和勤奋才能抓住机遇。
23、Confidence in yourself is the first step on the road to succe.自信是走向成功的第一步。
24、Custom is a second nature.习惯是后天养成的。
25、Custom makes all things easy.有个好习惯，事事皆不难。
26、Doing is better than saying.与其挂在嘴上，不如落实在行动上。
27、Do nothing by halves.凡事不可半途而废。
28、Don't put off till tomorrow what should be done today.今日事，今日毕。
29、Don't trouble trouble until trouble troubles you.不要自找麻烦。
30、Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise.早睡早起身体好。
31、Easier said than done.说得容易，做得难。
32、Easy come, easy go.来也匆匆，去也匆匆。
33、Eat to live, but not live to eat.人吃饭是为了活着，但活着不是为了吃饭。
34、Every man has his faults.金无足赤，人无完人。
35、Every man is the architect of his own fortune.自己的命运自己掌握。
36、Every minute counts.分秒必争。
37、Each coin has two sides.38、Fact speak louder than words.事实胜于雄辩。
39、Failure is the mother of succe.失败是成功之母。
40、God helps those who help themselves.自助者天助。
41、Health is better than wealth.健康胜过财富。
42、Honesty is the best policy.做人诚信为本。
43、Hope for the best, but prepare for the worst.抱最好的愿望，做最坏的打算。
44、It is never too old to learn.活到老，学到老。
45、Knowledge is power.知识就是力量
46、Like mother, like daughter.有其母必有其女。
47、No pain，no gain.（不劳无获。）
48、You never know till you have tried.不尝试，不知晓。
49、An idle youth, a needy age.少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲。50、Diligence is the mother of succe.勤奋是成功之母。
51、Early to bed, early to rise, makes a man healthy, wealthy
and wise.早
睡早起，使
52、Experience is the best teacher.经验是最好的教师。
53、Nothing in the world is difficult if you set
人健康、富裕和聪颖。
54、Where there's a will, there's a way.有志者事竟成。
55、Practice makes perfect ．（熟能生巧。）
56、Pride goes before a fall．（骄傲必败。）
Superstar and I It’s common that many students are crazy about those singers and actors.However, liyundi, a pianist, is the superstar in my heart.He is a man of few words and he even looks like the greatest pianist—Chopin.When listening to his music , I can get rid of everything noisy around.What’s more, I can feel his strong love for music.Rome wasn’t built in one day.He achieved the great succe through huge effort.I can learn from him that we should never give up to realize our dreams.Superstar and I Her name first appeared as a joke then like a wonder.She is Susan Boyle, the superstar in my heart.Although she’s not beautiful, her voice and spirit moved all the audience, including me.The song ’I dreamed a dream’ that she sang touched everyone’s heart who had a dream and wanted to realize it.She taught me how to go on my dreams as well as never to give up.She is like a sunshine that gives me hope.Where there is a will, there is a way.
