文艺复兴的政治原因(英文版)_文艺复兴英文版

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After the introduction of economical reason, I will lead you to explore the European political system in middle age, and find the political contribution to the Renaiance(第一张PPT完)

We all know that economic base determine the superstructure, and we can know that the economic of Europe has developed in 14 centare, newly confident bourgeoisies are rise, people become wealthier, so they begin to hold on their hands into the politics.(第二张PPT完)

Now, we can see The relationship between state and society in medieval Europe

First , The relationship was a finite state model(有限国家模式)

Second, The state power and the Christian Church has two opposite, greater independence.Third,The state’s ability of social control is weak, social life is mainly controlled by the feudal lords, and not by the crownIn this political system，it is very difficult for The bourgeoisie to develop themselves第三张

The growing citizen stratum are eager to have more rights，so they did many things to realize their dreams.In 1266, The regime of Florence were split by aristocrats and commoners, 100 new busine members consist of the “public meeting” and they have the legislative and executive powers

In 1293, Florence busine people overthrow the feudal aristocracy(封建贵族统治)

And then, The political pattern of Italy became this:

Although，there somefeudal survivals，the people has the real power.There is the comparison with The citizens stratum and The feudal aristocracy(封建贵族), in a word, the citizens stratum in the green tree and the feudal aristocracy At a disadvantage.(第五张）

And another political reason is about The revolution of law.In the Middle Ages:

1.law is regarded as God ordained(上帝制定), and cannot be changed, in European feudal society2.Franchise(特权法)and canon(教会法)law is an important part of medieval law3.hierarchy(等级制)is the product of the medieval(中世纪的)feudal social legal system第六张

This are the significants of the revolution of law:

1.(Law is no longer one's master, and people could enacted laws, change the law)

2.(The activities of the social order shall be formulated by the people themselves, people become the really dominant in society)

3.People have been liberated, promoting the development of Humanism(第七张完)

Last but not least, the unique political structures of late Middle Ages Italy is also a important reason

This is the Political map of Italy in early 1494,(第七张完)we can find that Italy did not exist as a political entity in the early middle period, Many of Italian cities stood among the ruins of ancient Roman buildings, so that, the claical nature of the Renaiance was linked to its origin in the Roman Empire's heartland.(第八张完)

These are the three main political reason of Renaiance.