国家领导人重要谈话,汉英稿_重要国家领导人讲话
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傅莹副部长在“中英400——青年交流计划”欢送招待会上的致辞
（2010年6月30日）
尊敬的全国青联卢雍政副主席，尊敬的古德温先生，我的同事吴思田大使，亲爱的青年朋友们：
非常高兴出席今晚的招待会，还记得在伦敦接待来访的中国青年代表团时的情景。在这里我要代表中国外交部欢迎英国青年代表团的来访。
我听说一部分代表团成员刚从我的家乡--内蒙古考察回来，我周末也陪同26位欧洲驻华使节夫妇去了内蒙古的鄂尔多斯，考察了当地的治沙项目区。当地相当大一部分土地的沙漠化状况已经得到了治理。但我清楚地记得，在上世纪90年代，北京的风沙十分严重，而内蒙古的土地沙漠化状况则是更加严峻。我看过一个纪录片，一个村庄已经被沙漠所掩埋，只剩下一位40多岁的妇女，她每天都要把自己的房子从沙子里挖出来，而她的家人也都已陆续离开了她。她面对镜头说：―太累了‖。20多年后的今天，这种现象不存在了，沙漠化不仅被控制住，相当部分沙地甚至已经绿化。我说这些是为了说明，中国人在应对着各种挑战，希望过上更好的生活。
胡锦涛主席和温家宝总理都非常关心中外青年交流。―中英400--青年交流计划‖就是在领导人的亲自关心下成立 的，得到了中英两国政府的大力支持。青年人最大的优点就是容易接受新事物。我希望在座各位通过交流实现心与心的相通。希望你们来到中国不仅能看到 1
中国的发展变化，而且能努力去了解中国为什么能取得这样的发展？中国人在想些什么、追求什么？以及这背后的制度和政策。
在回到北京工作以前，我分别在英国和澳大利亚工作了3年。这些年的驻外经历让我深深地感觉到，中国和西方国家深层的政治信任问题没有解决。我不知道你来之前是怎么看待中国的，但想知道回去之后从心底里会怎么看待中国，怎么看中国的13亿人民。
我注意到英国代表团的团长古德温在讲话中提到，他发现中国人与英国人一样，热情和勤奋。确实，你们年青人没有历史的包袱，应该能更平和公正地看待事物。
上海世博会英国馆的创意非常好。它是一座种子的圣殿，而在座的各位青年朋友就是播撒中英友谊的种子，希望你们能让中英友谊之花结出硕果。
我所经历的半生主要是在过去的二十世纪中度过的，那是一个充满了战争、隔绝以及人与人不信任的世纪。那么，二十一世纪能否迎来一个新的、人与人之间平等相待、能够真诚合作、不再有战争的世纪？我觉得这要取决于你们青年人的选择和判断。我是一个乐观主义者，我是有信心的，相信你们青年人通过交流和接触，能够做出非常聪明的选择。我也衷心希望二十一世纪能够成为各国人民真心合作的世纪。
谢谢大家！
2010年6月27日，国家主席胡锦涛在多伦多举行的二十国集团领导人第四次峰会上发表题为《同心协力共创未来》的重要讲话。讲话全文如下：
同心协力 共创未来
——在二十国集团领导人第四次峰会上的讲话（2010年6月27日，加拿大多伦多）
中华人民共和国主席 胡锦涛
尊敬的哈珀总理，各位同事：
很高兴来到多伦多参加二十国集团领导人第四次峰会，同各位同事共同讨论推动世界经济全面复苏这个重大议题。首先，我谨对哈珀总理和加拿大政府为本次峰会所作的积极努力和周到安排，表示衷心的感谢！我还要感谢大家对上海世博会给予的宝贵支持和帮助。
在二十国集团成员和国际社会共同努力下，世界经济正在逐步复苏，但复苏基础不牢固、进程不平衡，存在较大不确定性。部分国家主权债务风险持续上升，一些系统重要性金融机构的问题集中暴露，主要货币汇率大幅波动，国际金融市场动荡不定，大宗商品价格高位震荡，各种形式的保护主义明显增多。这表明，国际金融危机深层次影响尚未消除，世界经济系统性和结构性风险仍十分突出。我们要深刻认识国际金融危机深层次影响的严重性和复杂性，继续发扬同舟共济、合作共赢的精神。
匹兹堡峰会提出的―强劲、可持续、平衡增长框架‖对世界经济长远健康发展具有重要意义。为了推动世界经济尽早进入强劲、可持续、平衡增长，我愿提出以下建议。
第一，推动二十国集团从应对国际金融危机的有效机制转向促进国际经济合作的主要平台。当前，世界经济形势仍然十分复杂，需要二十国集团发挥引领作用。我们应该着眼长远，推动二十国集团从协同刺激转向协调增长、从短期应急转向长效治理、从被动应对转向主动谋划。要加强二十国集团成员宏观经济政策协调，保持合理政策力度，支持发生主权债务危机的国家克服当前面临的困难。要审慎稳妥把握经济刺激政策退出的时机、节奏、力度，巩固世界经济复苏势头。要全面落实前3次峰会作出的决定和达成的共识，共同维护二十国集团信誉和效力，本着循序渐进、互利共赢的原则推进二十国集团机制化建设，妥善处理各种矛盾和分歧，确保二十国集团峰会机制在健康轨道上向前发展。要处理好二十国集团机制 3
同其他国际组织和多边机制的关系，确保二十国集团在促进国际经济合作和全球经济治理中发挥核心作用。
第二，加快建立公平、公正、包容、有序的国际金融新秩序。我们应该牢记国际金融危机的深刻教训，正本清源，对症下药，本着简单易行、便于问责的原则推进国际金融监管改革，建立有利于实体经济发展的国际金融体系。要建立并执行严格的资本和杠杆率要求，将影子银行体系纳入监管，制订全球统一的会计准则。要着力加强对系统重要性金融机构的监管，采取必要的预防性措施，防止风险投机过度。要强调国际监管核心原则和标准的一致性，同时要充分考虑不同国家金融市场的差异性，提高金融监管的针对性和有效性。要加强对信用评级机构的监管，减少对信用评级机构的依赖，完善信用评级机构行为准则和问责制度，特别是要制定客观、公正、合理、统一的主权信用评级方法和标准，使有关评级结果准确反映一国经济状况和信用级别。要继续推进国际金融机构改革，加快完成国际货币基金组织份额调整，推动更多新兴市场国家和发展中国家人员出任国际金融机构高管，提高发展中国家代表性和发言权。要加强国际货币基金组织能力建设和监督改革，加强对各方特别是主要储备货币发行经济体宏观经济政策的监督。
第三，促进建设开放自由的全球贸易体制。我们必须以实际行动反对各种形式的保护主义，坚决倡导和支持自由贸易，继续承诺并严格执行不对商品、投资、服务设置新的限制措施。发达国家要以更加开放的态度促进国际贸易发展，本着互利共赢、共同发展的原则，坚持以对话协商妥善处理贸易摩擦。要按照维护多哈授权、锁定已有成果、以现有谈判案文为基础的原则，推动多哈回合谈判取得全面、均衡的成果，尽早实现发展回合目标。
各位同事！
我们要牢牢把握强劲、可持续、平衡增长三者的有机统一。确保强劲增长是当前世界经济发展的首要任务，可持续增长是长期目标，通过转变经济发展方式实现平衡增长是客观要 4
求。我们应该积极推动强劲增长，着力发展实体经济，促进民众就业，加强新兴产业领域国际合作，在前进中克服困难，在增长中解决问题。我们应该注重保持可持续增长，不仅要保持环境可持续性，也要保持财政、货币、贸易、产业等政策的可持续性，减少宏观经济波动和风险。我们应该努力实现平衡增长，既要实现各国国内不同区域、不同产业平衡增长，也要实现不同国家和地区平衡增长。实现世界经济强劲、可持续、平衡增长是一个长期复杂的过程，不可能一蹴而就，既要持之以恒、坚定推进，也要照顾到不同国家国情，尊重各国发展道路和发展模式的多样性。
中国在推动经济发展过程中始终努力推进经济强劲增长，从1978年到2008年中国经济年均增长9.8%。国际金融危机发生以来，中国全面实施并不断丰富完善应对国际金融危机冲击的一揽子计划和政策措施，2009年中国经济增长8.7%，为地区和世界经济复苏作出了自己的贡献。2010年，中国经济继续保持平稳较快发展势头，一季度经济增长11.9%。中国始终重视增长的可持续性，把财政赤字控制在占国内生产总值3%的范围之内。今年以来，我们在保持宏观经济政策连续性和稳定性的同时，强调要根据新形势新情况提高政策的针对性和灵活性，妥善处理好保持经济平稳较快发展、调整经济结构、管理通胀预期的关系，着力增强经济增长的可持续性。中国始终高度重视平衡增长。在应对国际金融危机冲击的过程中，中国各项扩大内需政策取得明显成效，2009年在货物出口总额减少16%的情况下，社会消费品零售总额实际增长近17%，全社会固定资产投资增长约30%，经常项目顺差占国内生产总值的比重降至6.1%。今年以来，中国贸易顺差继续大幅减少，经常项目收支加快趋向平衡，经济协调发展良好势头进一步增强。
我们清醒地认识到，中国人口多、底子薄，城乡、区域发展不平衡，环境和资源约束矛盾突出，尤其是中国每年城镇需要安排就业的劳动力2400万人，大量农村富余劳动力需要转移就业，同时还有相当数量的贫困人口未脱贫。为了解决这些困难和问题，我们坚持以人为本、全面协调可持续发展的科学发展观，把加快转变经济发展方式作为贯彻落实科学发展 5
观的重要目标和战略举措，重点加快调整国民收入分配结构、城乡结构、区域结构、产业结构，加快推进科技创新，加快建设现代农业、生态文明、文化产业、社会保障体系，努力推动经济社会协调发展。这些调整和转变不仅有利于中国经济全面协调可持续发展，也将对世界经济发展产生积极影响。转变经济发展方式是一个长期复杂的过程，需要付出艰苦努力。中方愿同各方相互借鉴、取长补短、平等合作、共同发展，推动世界经济形成更加合理的产业分工结构、更加均衡的金融贸易结构、更加科学的资源配置结构、更加公平的利益共享结构，实现世界经济持续协调发展。
各位同事！
要真正实现世界经济长期持续增长，必须帮助广大发展中国家实现充分发展，缩小南北发展差距。在国际金融危机中，发展中国家受到的冲击十分严重，克服国际金融危机影响面临的困难也十分严重。二十国集团成员主要是发达国家、新兴市场国家、工业化程度较高的发展中国家，成员国国内生产总值占世界的85%，但我们不能忽视超过世界国家总数85%的其他发展中国家的发展诉求。二十国集团有责任为解决发展问题提供更强政治动力、更多经济资源、更好制度保障。
国际金融危机使联合国千年发展目标进程面临新的困难，2015年前完成预期目标任重道远。我们应该在发展问题上采取更多实际行动，保障发展资源，完善发展机制，促进发展合作，确保如期实现联合国千年发展目标。发达国家应该切实兑现官方发展援助承诺、开放市场、减免债务，加大对发展中国家的资金和技术支持，提高发展中国家自我发展能力。世界银行、国际货币基金组织等国际金融机构的资源应该优先用于帮助发展中国家尤其是最不发达国家。
国际金融危机发生以来，中国通过各种方式和渠道向发展中国家提供援助。我们向国际货币基金组织增资500亿美元，明确要求将资金优先用于最不发达国家。我们同有关国家 6
和地区签署了总额达6500亿元人民币的双边货币互换协议，共同应对国际金融危机冲击。我们设立100亿美元的中国-东盟投资合作基金，向东盟国家提供150亿美元信贷支持，积极参与推动以清迈倡议多边化和亚洲债券市场发展倡议为主要内容的东亚财金合作，维护地区经济金融形势稳定。我们向上海合作组织其他成员国提供100亿美元的信贷支持。我们向非洲国家提供100亿美元优惠贷款，免除非洲重债穷国和最不发达国家债务，逐步给予非洲同中国建交的最不发达国家95%的产品免关税待遇。我愿代表中国政府庄严承诺，中国将在南南合作框架内继续向发展中国家提供力所能及的援助，尽力帮助发展中国家实现发展。
各位同事！
二十国集团和世界的未来需要大家共同开创。让我们同心同德，携手并肩，规划和建设世界经济更加美好的明天！
谢谢各位。
Remarks by H.E.Hu Jintao President of the People's Republic of China
At the Fourth G20 Summit Toronto, 27 June 2010
Prime Minister Stephen Harper, Dear Colleagues，It gives me great pleasure to attend the fourth G20 Summit in Toronto and discu with you the important subject of promoting full recovery of the world economy.Let me begin by thanking Prime Minister Harper and the Canadian government for their active efforts and thoughtful arrangements for this meeting.I also wish to take this opportunity to expre thanks to all of you for giving valuable support and aistance to Expo 2010 Shanghai.With the concerted efforts of G20 members and the entire international community, the world economy is gradually recovering.But the recovery is neither firmly established nor balanced and there are still quite many uncertainties down the road.Sovereign debt risks continue to rise in some countries.A host of problems have been exposed in some systemically-important financial institutions.Exchange rates of major currencies fluctuate drastically and international financial markets suffer from persistent volatility.Commodity prices hover at a high level and protectionism of various forms is notably growing.All this shows that the deeper impact of the international financial crisis is yet to be overcome and systemic and structural risks in the world economy remain very serious.We must fully recognize the gravity and complexity of the deep impact of the international financial crisis and continue to work in a spirit of unity and win-win progre.The Framework for Strong, Sustainable and Balanced Growth launched at the Pittsburgh Summit is of great importance to the long-term healthy growth of the world economy.I wish to offer the following proposals concerning the efforts required for bringing about strong, sustainable and balanced world economic growth at an early date.First, we need to turn the G20 from an effective mechanism to counter the international financial crisis to a premier platform for advancing international economic cooperation.The complex world economic situation makes it neceary for the G20 to play a guiding role.We need to take a longer-term perspective and shift the focus of the G20 from coordinating stimulus measures to coordinating growth, from addreing short-term contingencies to promoting long-term governance and from paive response to proactive planning.We should strengthen coordination of macroeconomic policies among G20 members, keep the right intensity of our policies and support countries hit by the sovereign debt crisis in overcoming the current difficulties.We must act in a cautious and appropriate way concerning the timing, pace and intensity of an exit from the economic stimulus packages and consolidate the momentum of recovery of the world economy.We must follow through on the decisions and consensus of the previous G20 summits and uphold together the credibility and effectivene of the G20.We must advance the G20's institutional-building under the principle of seeking gradual progre and win-win outcomes, and properly handle various problems and differences in order to ensure the sound development of the G20 summit mechanism.We need to well manage the G20's relationship with other international organizations and multilateral 8
mechanisms and ensure that the G20 plays a core role in promoting international economic cooperation and global economic governance.Second, we need to accelerate the establishment of a new international financial order that is fair, equitable, inclusive and well-managed.We must learn the hard leons of the international financial crisis, take effective measures to addre the root causes of the crisis, and push forward reform to ensure that the future international financial supervisory and regulatory regime is easy to operate and highly accountable.It is important to establish an international financial system that is good for the growth of the real economy.We need to establish and enforce strict capital and leverage ratio requirements, bring the shadow banking system under supervision and regulation and formulate globally consistent accounting rules.We need to make greater efforts to strengthen supervision and regulation of systemically-important financial institutions and take neceary precautionary measures to forestall exceive risks and speculation.We need to stre the consistency of core principles and standards of international supervision and regulation and, at the same time, take into full consideration the differences between financial markets of individual countries to make financial supervision and regulation more focused and effective.We need to strengthen regulation of credit rating agencies, reduce dependence on these agencies and improve their code of conduct and accountability system.It is particularly important to establish objective, fair, reasonable and uniform methodologies and standards for sovereign credit rating so that the rating results can accurately reflect the state of a country's economy and credit worthine.We need to continue to push forward the reform of international financial institutions, complete the adjustment of IMF quotas at a faster pace, enable more people from emerging markets and developing countries to aume senior management posts at international financial institutions, and increase the representation and voice of developing countries.We need to enhance the IMF's capacity-building and surveillance reform, and we need to strengthen supervision over macroeconomic policies of various parties, particularly major reserve currency iuing economies.Third, we need to advance the building of an open and free global trading regime.We must take concrete actions to reject all forms of protectionism, and unequivocally advocate and support free trade.We must renew our commitment not to impose new restrictions on goods, investment and services, and earnestly follow through on this commitment.Developed countries should promote international trade with greater
openne.It is important to addre trade frictions appropriately through dialogue and consultation and under the principle of mutual benefit and common development.We should work for comprehensive and balanced outcomes from the Doha round negotiations and attain the goals of this development round at an early date.And we should do so by upholding the Doha mandate, locking up the existing achievements, and working on the basis of the existing negotiating text.Dear Colleagues，We must recognize that “strong, sustainable and balanced growth” is an integral concept.To ensure strong growth is the top priority in today's world economic development;to enable sustainable growth is our long-term objective;and to achieve balanced growth through the transformation of the economic development pattern is neceitated by the calling of our times.We need to take proactive steps to ensure strong growth, make great efforts to develop the real economy, create jobs for the people and step up international cooperation in emerging industries.We should overcome difficulties in the course of progre and tackle challenges through growth.We should value sustainable growth, which includes sustainability of the environment as well as sustainability of fiscal, monetary, trade and industrial policies, and reduce macroeconomic fluctuations and risks.We should strive for balanced growth, including balanced growth both among different parts and industries of a country and among different countries and regions.It will take a long and complex proce to achieve strong, sustainable and balanced growth of the world economy.It cannot be done overnight.We must make persistent efforts to push forward this proce.And in doing so, we must also take into account specific circumstances of individual countries and respect their diverse development paths and models.In its pursuit of economic development, China has all along worked hard to promote strong economic growth.Between 1978 and 2008, the Chinese economy grew at an average annual rate of 9.8%.Since the outbreak of the international financial crisis, China has comprehensively implemented and continuously enriched and improved its package plan and other policy measures in response.As a result, the Chinese economy grew by 8.7% in 2009 and contributed its part to regional and global economic recovery.Since the start of 2010, the Chinese economy has maintained steady and relatively fast growth.In the first quarter, the economy grew by 11.9%.China has always valued sustainable
growth, as evidenced by its efforts to keep budget deficit under 3% of GDP.Since the beginning of this year, as we work to maintain the consistency and stability of our macroeconomic policies, we have also streed the need to make our policies more responsive and flexible in the light of evolving circumstances, strike the right balance between ensuring steady and relatively fast economic growth, restructuring the economy and managing inflation expectations, and put in greater efforts to make economic growth more sustainable.China has always attached great importance to balanced growth.In countering the international financial crisis, the various policies China has adopted to boost domestic demand have shown notable results.In 2009, while China's total exports in goods dropped by 16%, its retail sales were up by nearly 17% in real terms, fixed aet investment increased by about 30%, and current account surplus relative to GDP fell to 6.1%.Since the start of this year, China's trade surplus has continued to drop by a big margin.The trend towards current account balance has picked up speed.And balanced economic development has gathered even stronger momentum.We are soberly aware of the difficulties and challenges that China faces, including a large population, a weak economic foundation, lack of balance in the development between urban and rural areas and among different regions, and serious environmental and resource constraints.Each year, 24 million urban residents enter the job market and a huge number of surplus rural workers need to find non-agricultural jobs.And a considerable number of people are yet to be lifted out of poverty.To addre these difficulties and challenges, we have been following a scientific outlook on development that puts people first and seeks comprehensive, balanced and sustainable development.A key objective and strategic move in our endeavor to implement this scientific outlook is to accelerate the transformation of economic development pattern.We are focusing our efforts on readjusting at a faster pace national income distribution pattern, urban-rural development structure, regional development structure and industrial structure.We are speeding up efforts to encourage scientific and technological innovation, and expediting the development of modern agriculture, conservation culture, cultural industries and the social security system.Our goal is to promote balanced economic and social progre.These adjustments and transformations will not only contribute to the comprehensive, balanced and sustainable growth of the Chinese economy, but also benefit the world economy.To transform the pattern of economic growth is a long-term and complex proce that requires tremendous efforts.China stands ready to work with other parties to 11
draw on each others' strength, pursue cooperation on the basis of equality and common development, and bring about a more rational division of international labor, a more balanced financial and trade structure, a more scientific pattern for resource allocation and a more equitable system for interest sharing so as to put the world economy on the track of sustained and balanced growth.Dear Colleagues，To achieve genuine long-term and sustainable growth of the world economy, it is imperative to help developing countries achieve full development and narrow the development gap between the North and the South.Developing countries have been hit hard by the financial crisis and they find it a daunting task to overcome the difficulties caused by the crisis.The G20 is primarily composed of developed countries, emerging markets and developing nations with a relatively higher level of industrialization.The combined GDP of G20 members accounts for 85% of the world's total.However, we should not neglect the development aspirations of other developing countries, which take up over 85% of countries in the world.It is incumbent upon the G20 to provide stronger political drive, greater economic resources and better institutional guarantee for development.The international financial crisis has made it more difficult to attain the UN Millennium Development Goals(MDGs).It will be an uphill battle to achieve the set objectives by 2015.We must take more credible actions to addre the iue of development.We must secure development resources, improve development institutions and promote development cooperation to ensure that the UN MDGs will be met on schedule.Developed countries should honor in good faith their commitments on official development aistance, market opening, and debt reduction and cancellation.They should scale up financial and technological support for developing countries and help them build stronger capacity for self development.The World Bank, the IMF and other international financial institutions should use their resources to help, on a priority basis, developing countries, the least developed countries in particular.Since the outbreak of the international financial crisis, China has provided aistance to developing countries through multiple means and channels.We contributed US$50 billion to IMF's resource increase with an explicit request that the resources be used, first and 12
foremost, to help the least developed countries.We signed bilateral currency swap agreements worth RMB650 billion yuan with relevant countries and regions in a joint response to the financial crisis.To maintain regional economic and financial stability, we have established a US$10 billion China-ASEAN Investment Fund, provided US$15 billion of credit support to ASEAN countries, and actively engaged in and pushed forward East Asian financial cooperation focusing mainly on Chiang Mai Initiative Multilateralization and the Asian Bond Market initiative.We have provided US$10 billion of credit support to other member states of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization.We made the decision to provide US$10 billion in conceional loans to African countries and cancel the debts owed by heavily indebted poor countries and least developed countries in Africa and we will phase in zero-tariff treatment to 95% of the products from the least developed African countries having diplomatic ties with China.On behalf of the Chinese government, I would like to make the solemn commitment that China will continue to offer aistance to other developing countries as its ability permits within the framework of South-South cooperation, and do its utmost to help other developing countries achieve development.Dear Colleagues，It is up to all of us to work together to shape the future of the G20 and the world as a whole.Let us unite as one and work side by side to plan for and build an even better future for the world economy.Thank you.2010年6月24日晚，国家主席胡锦涛在渥太华出席加拿大总理哈珀举行的宴会，并发表题为《全面推进中加战略伙伴关系》的重要讲话。讲话全文如下：
全面推进中加战略伙伴关系
——在加拿大总理哈珀举行的宴会上的讲话
(2010年6月24日，渥太华)中华人民共和国主席 胡锦涛
尊敬的哈珀总理，女士们，先生们，朋友们：
首先，我谨对总理先生为我们举行盛大的晚宴并发表热情洋溢的讲话，表示衷心的感谢！
借此机会，我也要感谢第四届中加经贸合作论坛的组织方——加中贸易理事会、中国贸促会共同为准备这次活动付出的努力。长期以来，加中贸易理事会和在座各位朋友为增进中加两国人民相互了解和友谊、促进中加关系发展作出积极贡献。我谨向你们并通过你们，向所有关心和支持中加友好事业的加拿大各界人士，表示诚挚的谢意！
在中加建交40周年之际，我很高兴应邀再次对加拿大进行国事访问。今天，我同米夏埃尔·让总督、哈珀总理进行了富有成果的会见会谈，达成广泛共识。我们一致同意，致力于发展中加战略伙伴关系，以两国建交40周年为契机，在新的起点上将中加关系全面推向前进。
女士们、先生们！
1970年10月，中加两国领导人从两国和两国人民根本利益出发，顺应时代潮流，作出两国建交的战略决策，掀开了中加关系发展新篇章。40年来，在双方共同努力下，两国关系走过了成绩斐然的发展历程。两国高层和各级别交往频繁。两国务实合作取得丰硕成果，双方年贸易额从建交之初的1.5亿美元发展到2009年的297亿美元，中国已成为加拿大第二大贸易伙伴和第三大出口市场。双方文化、教育、卫生、司法执法等领域互利合作不断扩大和深化，在许多重大国际和地区问题上保持有效沟通和协调。近年来，两国每年往来人员总数超过70万人次，平均每天有超过2000人往返于太平洋两岸，双方缔结7对友好省和37对友好城市。
事实表明，中加关系发展不仅给两国人民带来了实实在在的利益，也有力促进了亚太地区乃至世界和平、稳定、繁荣。虽然中加国情不同，但双方没有根本利害冲突，共同利益远远超过分歧。只要双方坚持相互尊重、平等互利、求同存异的原则，牢牢把握两国关系正确方向，中加关系就完全能够成为不同社会制度、不同发展水平、不同发展模式国家间关系的典范。
女士们、先生们！
新形势下，中加两国各自的发展都给对方带来重要机遇，双方共同利益日益增多，各领域合作潜力巨大。一个健康稳定、积极发展的中加关系有利于中国，有利于加拿大，也有利于亚太地区乃至整个世界。
为了更好推进中加关系发展，我们双方应该从战略高度和长远角度出发，坚持中加战略伙伴关系大方向不动摇，不断为两国关系发展注入新的动力；应该继续加强高层往来，保持和扩大各级别、各层次磋商，不断增进相互了解和信任；应该继续推进各领域务实合作，探索合作新途径新方式，让两国人民切身体会到中加合作成果；应该加强在重大国际和地区问题上的协调，加强在气候变化、核安全、粮食安全、公共卫生安全、反恐等问题上的磋商和合作，推动国际秩序朝着更加公正合理的方向发展；应该尊重和照顾对方核心利益和重大关切，妥善处理敏感问题，确保中加关系不受干扰地向前发展；应该积极推动两国社会各界广泛开展交流，努力增进两国人民相互了解和友谊，不断夯实中加友好社会基础。
女士们、先生们！
经贸合作是中加关系的重要组成部分。深化中加经贸合作，符合两国和两国人民根本利益，也是全面推进中加战略伙伴关系的必然要求。中加经济互补性很强，合作空间广阔。目前，双边贸易额占各自外贸总额的1%和6%左右，加拿大对华投资尚不到中国吸引外资总额的1%，中加经贸合作大有可为。双方应该把握机遇，开拓思路，坚持互利双赢，挖掘合作潜力，丰富合作内容，创新合作方式，推动经贸合作向更大规模、更宽领域、更高水平发展。为此，我建议双方在以下几方面进行努力。
第一，扩大双边贸易。中方欢迎加拿大继续推进贸易多元化和全球商务战略，扩大对华贸易。中国不刻意追求对加贸易顺差，愿在互利双赢的基础上扩大进口加拿大优势产品特别是高新技术产品，也希望双方共同采取措施提升双边贸易水平。这次访问期间，双方一致同意争取到2015年将中加贸易额提高至600亿美元。相信这一目标将为推动中加经贸关系发展注入新的动力。
第二，促进双向投资。中国政府将继续鼓励有实力的中国企业通过多种形式参与国际经贸合作。中方在港口、铁路、公路、电信等基础设施建设方面有一定优势，希望更多参与加拿大实施―亚太门户计划‖。同时，我们也欢迎加拿大企业参与中国实施西部大开发、东北地区等老工业基地振兴、促进中部地区崛起等区域发展战略。
第三，深化能源资源合作。加拿大能源矿产资源丰富，中国是最具潜力、稳定可靠的消费市场，拥有一批实力较强的能源矿产企业和成熟的技术及劳动力，中加开展能源资源合作前景广阔。双方应该继续支持两国企业扩大合作，在能源资源领域建立长期稳定的伙伴关系，也可以进一步探讨在核能、天然气等清洁能源方面的合作。
第四，拓展合作新领域。中国正在加快转变经济发展方式和调整经济结构，加快建设创新型国家，加快建设资源节约型、环境友好型社会。加拿大在环保、金融、信息、生物医药等领域拥有先进技术和理念。中加可以优势互补、加强合作，使高技术产业、服务业、绿色经济成为合作新增长点。
第五，反对各种形式的保护主义。经济全球化深入发展使世界各国紧密联系在一起。只有秉持开放理念、坚持市场开放，才能实现世界经济全面复苏和持续发展。中加应该以实际行动抵制保护主义，努力维护开放、公平、公正的世界经济贸易体系。
女士们、先生们！
中国作为国际社会负责任的成员，愿继续积极参与国际合作，妥善应对各种风险和挑战，为实现世界经济全面复苏作出更大贡献。我们也愿同包括加拿大在内的各方保持密切协调和合作，共同推动即将举行的二十国集团领导人第四次峰会取得积极务实的成果。
女士们、先生们！
中加友好互利合作已经并将继续为两国人民带来实实在在的利益，也有利于维护和促进亚太地区乃至世界和平、稳定、繁荣。让我们携起手来，继续高扬友谊和合作的风帆，推动中加关系的航船驶向更加美好的未来。
谢谢大家！
Speech by President Hu Jintao at the Banquet Hosted by Prime Minister Stephen Harper
Ottawa, 24 June 2010
The Rt.Hon.Prime Minister Stephen Harper, Ladies and Gentlemen, Dear Friends，Let me begin by expreing heartfelt thanks to Prime Minister Harper for hosting this grand banquet and delivering warm remarks.I also wish to take this opportunity to extend appreciation to the Canada China Busine Council(CCBC)and the China Council for the Promotion of International Trade(CCPIT)for their efforts to organize the Fourth China Canada Busine Forum.Over the years, the CCBC and all of you present have made active contributions to deepening mutual understanding and friendship between our two peoples and pushing forward relations between our two countries.I wish to extend my heartfelt appreciation to you and, through 17
you, to the people from various sectors of Canada who have cared for and supported the growth of China-Canada friendship.I am delighted to once again pay a state visit to Canada on the occasion of the 40th anniversary of our diplomatic relations.Today, I had fruitful meetings and talks with Governor General Michaëlle Jean and Prime Minister Harper, and we reached extensive consensus in our discuions.We reaffirmed our commitment to the China-Canada strategic partnership and agreed to take the opportunity of the 40th anniversary of our diplomatic relations to further advance our bilateral ties in all respects.Ladies and Gentlemen，In October 1970, leaders of China and Canada, acting in the fundamental interests of the two countries and peoples, took the strategic decision to establish diplomatic relations between us.It was a move that met the trend of the time and turned a new page in China-Canada relations.Since then, our bilateral relations have made remarkable achievements thanks to efforts of both sides.The two countries have had frequent contacts at the top and other levels.We have carried out fruitful practical cooperation.Annual trade volume surged from a mere US$150 million in the early days of our diplomatic ties to US$29.7 billion in 2009.China is now Canada's second largest trading partner and third largest export market.Bilateral mutually-beneficial cooperation in culture, education, health care, justice and law enforcement has grown in both scope and depth.And we have maintained effective communication and coordination on many major international and regional iues.In recent years, there have been more than 700,000 mutual visits between the people of our two countries each year.It means that each day over 2,000 people travel acro the Pacific Ocean between our two countries.We have established seven sister-province relationships and 37 sister-city relationships.What has happened shows that the growing China-Canada relationship has brought concrete benefits to our peoples, and contributed significantly to peace, stability and prosperity in the Asia-Pacific region and beyond.Though our national conditions differ, there exists no conflict of fundamental interests between us, and our common interests far outweigh our differences.As long as we both adhere to the principles of mutual respect, equality, mutual benefit and seeking common ground while reserving differences, as long as we keep to the right direction of bilateral relations, we will make our relationship a 18
model for relations between countries different in social system and level and model of development.Ladies and Gentlemen，Under the new circumstances, China and Canada can benefit greatly from each other's development.Our common interests are broadening and our cooperation in all areas holds tremendous potential.A sound, stable, positive and growing China-Canada relationship serves the interests of China, Canada, the Asia-Pacific region and the world at large.To advance China-Canada relations, we must take a strategic and long-term perspective, maintain our strategic partnership, and inject new impetus into the growth of our relations.We must increase high-level exchanges and continue and expand consultations at various levels to increase mutual understanding and trust.We must push forward practical cooperation in all fields and explore new ways and means of cooperation, so that the people can feel for themselves the benefits of our cooperation.We must intensify coordination on major international and regional iues, enhance consultations and cooperation on climate change, nuclear security, food security, public health security and counter-terrorism, and contribute our share to a more just and equitable international order.We must respect and accommodate each other's core interests and major concerns and appropriately handle sensitive iues to ensure that our bilateral relations will move forward without disruption.We must encourage extensive exchanges between various sectors of the two countries and increase the mutual understanding and friendship between the two peoples with a view to consolidating public support for China-Canada friendship.Ladies and Gentlemen，Trade and economic cooperation is a key component of China-Canada relations.Deeper busine cooperation serves the fundamental interests of our two countries and peoples.It is also eential to our efforts to advance our strategic partnership in an all-round way.Our two economies are highly complementary and our cooperation has bright prospects.Trade between us now accounts for only 1% of China's total foreign trade and le than 6% of that of Canada's.Canada's investment in China takes up le than 1% of total foreign investment in China.This shows that a lot can be done in boosting our trade and
economic cooperation.We must seize the opportunities and broaden our vision to expand our busine cooperation and raise it to a higher level.We should, on the basis of mutual benefit and win-win progre, tap the potential, enrich the substance, and innovate the ways of our cooperation.To this end, I wish to make the following proposals.First, we need to expand bilateral trade.China welcomes Canada's continued commitment to following a diversified global commerce strategy and pursuing greater trade with China.On the Chinese side, it is not our intention to seek trade surplus with Canada.We are willing to increase import of competitive Canadian products, particularly high-tech products, on the basis of mutual benefit and hope that the two sides can take joint steps to elevate the level of bilateral trade.During my visit, the two sides have agreed to work together to increase bilateral trade to US$60 billion by 2015.I am confident that this target will serve as a new driving force for the advancement of our economic and trade ties.Second, we need to promote two-way investment.The Chinese government will continue to encourage competitive Chinese enterprises to take part in international economic and trade cooperation through multiple forms.China has an advantage in infrastructure development, including port, railway, highway and telecommunication networks.We look forward to greater participation in the implementation of Canada's Asia-Pacific Gateway and Corridor Initiative.At the same time, we welcome the participation of Canadian businees in China's regional development strategies, including the development of the western region, the reinvigoration of the northeastern provinces and other old industrial bases and the further development of the central provinces.Third, we need to deepen cooperation on energy and resources.Canada is endowed with rich energy and mineral resources while China provides a stable, reliable and the most promising consumer market.China has a number of well-established energy and mineral companies as well as mature technologies and labor force.Cooperation between our two countries in energy and resources promises a bright future.We need to give continued support to our companies in expanding their cooperation and setting up a long-term and stable partnership in the energy and resources sector.And we may discu further our cooperation in nuclear energy, natural gas and other clean energy sources.Fourth, we need to let our cooperation branch out into new areas.China is now accelerating the transformation of its economic development pattern and economic restructuring.It is moving at a faster pace towards an innovation-driven country and a resource conserving and environment friendly society.Canada has advanced technologies and ideas in environmental protection, finance, information and bio-medicine.We can draw upon each other's strengths and advance cooperation in these sectors to make high technologies, the service industry and green economy new growth areas in our cooperation.Fifth, we need to oppose all forms of protectionism.As economic globalization gathers momentum, countries in the world have become more than ever closely linked.We need to adopt an inclusive approach and keep our markets open.This is vitally important if we are to achieve the full recovery and sustainable development of the world economy.China and Canada must take concrete actions to resist protectionism and uphold an open, fair and just economic and trading system in the world.Ladies and Gentlemen，As a responsible member of the international community, China will continue to actively participate in international cooperation, appropriately handle risks and challenges and make greater contribution to the full recovery of the world economy.We want to maintain close coordination and cooperation with Canada and other parties to help bring about positive and practical outcomes at the upcoming fourth G20 summit.Ladies and Gentlemen，The friendly and mutually beneficial cooperation between China and Canada has brought and will continue to bring tangible benefits to our two peoples.And it will continue to be a contributing factor to peace, stability and prosperity in the Asia-Pacific region and beyond.Let us join hands to raise high the sails of friendship and cooperation and steer the ship of China-Canada relations towards an even better future.Thank you.21
当地时间21日，正在澳大利亚访问的国家副主席习近平在陆克文总理陪同下，在堪培拉议会大厦出席了中澳经贸合作论坛午餐会并发表题为《携手推动中澳经贸合作再上新台阶》的主旨演讲。以下是演讲全文：
携手推动中澳经贸合作再上新台阶
在中澳经贸合作论坛午餐会上的主旨演讲
(2010年6月21日，堪培拉)
中华人民共和国副主席 习近平
尊敬的克林贸易部长、史密斯外长，女士们，先生们，朋友们：
我很高兴在访问澳大利亚期间出席中澳经贸合作论坛，同各位企业家朋友见面。在这里，我要向长期以来为促进中澳友好合作、增进两国人民友谊作出积极贡献的中澳企业家和各界朋友，表示诚挚的问候和良好的祝愿！
中澳两国人民友好交往由来已久。建交38年来，在两国政府和人民共同努力下，中澳关系保持良好发展势头。两国高层往来密切，政治互信不断增强。双方在能源资源、农牧业、科技、制造业以及服务业等经济领域的互利合作成果丰硕，在文化、教育、旅游等人文领域的交流合作丰富多彩，两国人民的相互了解和友谊与日俱增。我们对中澳关系全方位健康稳定发展感到满意。我此次访问澳大利亚，就是要通过同澳大利亚政府和各界朋友的沟通和交流，加深两国人民友好情谊，巩固提升中澳友好合作，携手推进中澳经贸合作再上新台阶，进一步造福两国人民。
女士们、先生们！
2009年，国际金融危机对世界各国经济社会发展造成严重冲击。我们高兴地看到，澳大利亚政府迅速、及时采取各项行之有效的宏观调控措施，使澳大利亚成为经济合作与发展组织中唯一没有陷入经济衰退的国家。同样令我们感到高兴的是，中澳日益深化的经贸和投资合作已成为促进澳大利亚经济发展的积极因素。
中国和澳大利亚地处南北两个半球，自然禀赋不同，经济互补性很强，开展互利合作具有十分有利的条件。自2003年中国国家主席胡锦涛访澳、两国签署《中澳贸易与经济框架》以来，中澳经贸合作规模不断扩大、领域日益拓宽、方式更加多样。目前澳大利亚是中国铁矿石、氧化铝、煤炭和液化天然气最大的进口来源地，第四大铜矿石进口来源地，同时也是对中国大麦、羊毛、活牛的最大供应国。中国则是澳大利亚第一大贸易伙伴、第一大出口市场、第一大进口来源地，同时也是澳大利亚纺织品、服装、鞋、计算机、办公设备、家电、家具、箱包、玩具等产品的最大供应国。双方经贸合作有以下四个显著特点。
一是货物贸易高速增长。双边贸易额从2002年首次突破100亿美元，到2009年增至600.8亿美元，短短7年增长了5倍，年均增长超过28%。在世界经济遭遇国际金融危机严重冲击、全球贸易大幅下挫的2009年，澳大利亚是中国前10大贸易伙伴中唯一双边贸易保持增长的国家，对华出口增长31%；今年1月至4月双边贸易额达307亿美元，增幅为49.5%，中方自澳进口增幅高达57.6%，显示出强劲回升、高速增长的态势。
二是双向投资加速发展。中澳互为重要投资伙伴，相互投资正成为两国经贸合作新的增长点。2009年中国已成为澳大利亚第二大外资来源国。截至今年4月，澳大利亚对华实际投资累计达63亿美元，同期中国在澳累计直接投资近60亿美元。2009年中国对澳投资超过20亿美元，今年1月至4月中国对澳直接投资高达6.44亿美元。在双向投资加速发展的同时，澳大利亚还向中国提供了涉及农林牧、交通、教育、卫生、环境保护、农村发展等领域的4.7亿美元宝贵援助。
三是能矿合作持续拓展。澳大利亚是能矿资源大国。近年来中澳能源矿产合作范围不断拓宽，从传统的铁矿砂、氧化铝、煤炭等矿种延伸到液化天然气、煤层气等清洁能源。2002年两国企业签订了首个价值250亿澳元的广东液化天然气出口合同，2009年双方又签订了总量达225万吨、价值500亿澳元的高庚液化气购买合同，今年双方再次签订总量360万吨、价值440多亿澳元的柯蒂斯液化天然气合同。两国企业关于煤层气开发和利用的合作也在顺利推进。
四是合作方式不断创新。中澳矿产合作已逐步从现货贸易发展到长期合同，从货物贸易拓展为投资参股和共同开发。2009年中广核、兖州煤矿等中国企业在澳收购合作项目顺利签约。我此次访澳期间，两国有关部门及企业又签订了一系列涉及矿产、乳业、糖业、基础设施等领域合作的合同和协议。对中澳都具有战略意义的双边自由贸易协定谈判正在稳步推进，一个全面、平衡、高质量、互利的双边自贸协定必将为双方进一步深化全方位互利合作提供新的机遇和平台。
女士们、先生们！
今年5月24日，胡锦涛主席在第二轮中美战略与经济对话开幕式上的讲话中指出，在世界多极化和经济全球化深入发展的形势下，继续推动人类和平与发展的崇高事业需要世界各国人民加强合作。中国将继续奉行互利共赢的开放战略，按照通行的国际经贸规则，扩大市场准入，支持完善国际贸易和金融体制，推进贸易和投资自由化便利化。中国将积极推动对外贸易健康平衡发展，反对各种形式的保护主义。这是中国作为负责任大国向国际社会的庄严承诺。中澳都是亚太地区有重要影响的国家。我们要从战略高度看待和推动双边经贸合作，不断丰富合作内容、创新合作方式，推动中澳经贸合作向更大规模、更宽领域、更高水平发展。为此我提出四点建议。
第一，深化能源资源战略合作。中澳能源资源合作基础好、潜力大，已成为新形势下双边经贸合作的重点和亮点。处在工业化、城镇化快速发展进程中的中国，对能矿资源的需求总量将会继续增长。澳大利亚是市场竞争规范、投资环境优良的重要能矿资源生产国和出口国，同中国这样市场需求巨大而稳定的国家加强战略合作，前景十分广阔。两国政府和企业应该共同努力，立足当前，着眼长远，加强战略谋划，增进相互了解和信任，理性研判国际市场走向，在能源资源领域构建长期稳定的贸易和投资关系，真正实现风险共担、利益共享、互利双赢。
第二，大力拓展新兴产业合作。在后国际金融危机时期，发展低碳经济等新兴产业的市场空间无比广阔。澳大利亚在水处理、垃圾处理、空气净化、清洁能源等方面的科技水平居世界领先地位，中国减排市场潜力大，正在积极发展循环经济，大力推进新能源、新材料和节能环保等战略性新兴产业。双方应该顺应时代潮流，抓住历史机遇，着眼两国人民和全人类的福祉，在拓展新兴产业合作中增创互利合作新优势。
第三，稳步推进双边自由贸易协定谈判。中澳达成全面、平衡、高质量、互利的双边自由贸易协定符合两国根本利益和长远利益。双方第十五轮谈判即将于今年6月底在北京举行。中方始终高度重视和积极对待这一谈判，对推进谈判的政治意愿和信心都不会改变。希望双方切实本着积极、务实、平衡、互利的精神，争取早日达成彼此都可以接受的协议。这不但能为两国各领域互利合作提供更强大的机制保障，而且将会向国际社会发出中澳合作共赢的积极信号。
第四，共同反对贸易和投资保护主义。当前国际金融危机影响继续显现，推动世界经济全面复苏和可持续发展任务依然艰巨。中澳双方都要以实际行动促进贸易和投资自由化便利化。两国要积极营造有利条件，努力扩大服务贸易、双向投资、劳务、农业、畜牧业等领域的互利合作。在世贸组织、亚太经合组织、二十国集团等多边机制中应该继续保持密切沟通 25
和协调，与国际社会共同努力，积极加强宏观经济政策协调，推进国际金融体系改革，完善全球经济治理机制，为推动世界经济全面复苏作出贡献。
女士们、先生们！
无论当前还是未来，坚持对话、交流、合作，保持两国关系健康稳定发展始终是两国各界的共识，推动中澳互利双赢的经贸合作始终是两国关系的重点。让我们牢牢把握和平、发展、合作的大方向不动摇，共同开创中澳全面合作关系更加美好的明天。
谢谢大家！
唐家璇同志在中华日本学会和全国日本经济学会联合年会上的讲话
（2010年5月30日，上海）
各位同事：
大家好。
很高兴参加中华日本学会和全国日本经济学会联合召开的2010年年会。两个学会是中国研究日本问题规模最大、层次很高的学术团体，云集了国内优秀的专家学者。同时，两学会长期以来关心和重视我国对日外交工作，提出过很好的意见和建议，为推动中日关系改善与发展发挥了独特作用。今天到会的不少前辈、专家、学者都是日本学的大家。借此机会，我愿对各位在日本问题研究领域做出的宝贵贡献表示诚挚敬意，并预祝本届年会取得圆满成功。
日本研究是一项重要而艰巨的工作。我们面对的是一个立体、复杂、多面的国家，既秉承东方的道德传统，又崇尚西方价值，既有孤悬海上的岛国情结，又有作为经济大国的自负 26
和成为政治大国的渴望。当前，日本正在经历二战之后最为深刻的变化，在这种形势下做好日本研究，非常重要，很有意义。
从历史上看，―学习、吸收、超越‖是贯穿日本历史文化发展的主线。自形成统一国家以来，日本就不断吸收外来文明，延续自身发展。古代，日本潜心研究和效仿中国，从蒙昧走向开化，封建社会不断发展。近代，日本改以西方为师，―脱亚入欧‖，短时间内确立起现代国家架构，后来日本军国主义扩张野心恶性膨胀，走向了侵略他国、自取灭亡的道路。二战后，日本长期追随并学习美国，奉行―重经济，轻军备‖的吉田茂路线，从战争废墟中迅速崛起，再次跻身世界强国行列。
从现实角度看，―变革求新‖是当前日本社会发展的显著特征。无论是社会思潮，还是政治结构、经济体制，无不处于变革进程，其核心是确立符合内外环境变化和国家长远发展需要的新目标，实现―新的启航‖。民主党上台执政在日本发展变革过程中具有历史性意义，将带动日本加快转型。对外关系上，民主党政权在坚持日美同盟为基轴的同时，明确承认世界多极化趋势，强调日本未来生存发展的希望在亚洲，应该加强同中国及有关国家的合作，推动建立―东亚共同体‖。民主党政权的内外政策调整刚刚起步，但总体而言，改革的社会共识和趋势正在逐步形成。
从未来看，日本有可能在不断反复中摸索出一条新的发展道路。依靠强烈的忧患意识和集体行动能力，日本历史上通过大化革新、明治维新和战后改造实现了跨越式发展，也曾多次成功摆脱危机。当前，日本虽然受到国际金融危机严重冲击，但其长年积累的经济底力依然雄厚，总体竞争实力和强劲适应力在世界上位于前列，并且正在着眼后金融危机时代世界经济新一轮竞争，加快进行经济发展战略调整。日本仍有可能克服制度、财政、劳动力要素等制约，实现国家发展新的提升，并继续在亚洲一体化进程中发挥重要作用，在世界格局中占据重要地位。
中日两国毗邻而居，周恩来总理曾对两国源远流长的交往历史有过精辟概括，―两千年友好，五十年不幸‖。在长达两千年的友好交往中，两国人民相互学习借鉴，促进了各自的发展和进步。当前，中日两国在双边、地区和国际层面合作的空间正在不断拓展。我们应该始终把握中日关系友好、互利、合作的主流，推动两国关系健康稳定向前发展，不断提升中日战略互惠关系的发展水平。中长期而言，我认为有三个―瓶颈‖需要寻求突破。
一是战略互信瓶颈。中日关系的发展，离不开战略互信的提升，这是近十年中日关系曲折历程告诉我们的一条重要经验。两国关系转圜以来，通过两国领导人频繁互访和接触，特别是胡锦涛主席访日签署中日第四个政治文件，中日战略互信得到增强。但实事求是地讲，两国构筑战略互信仍然任重道远。双方要共同努力，跳出―中日在亚洲必有一争‖的零和思维。要在政治上把握正确方向，形成良性互动。要进一步加强各领域务实合作，强化利益融合。要妥善处理历史、台湾、东海争议等敏感问题。
二是提高合作水平的瓶颈。改革开放以来，中日经贸合作取得显著成效，给双方都带来重要利益。但近年来，两国经贸关系发展势头趋缓，传统合作模式遇到挑战，双方亟需确立新思路，实现两国合作的转型升级。在双边领域，双方应把握后金融危机时代世界经济科技发展潮流，重点推进可持续发展合作，争取推出大的合作项目，形成新的亮点。在地区层面，亚洲一体化进程加速推进，中日携手合作的必要性和重要性进一步凸显。双方应抓住这一前所未有的历史机遇，做好亚洲合作这块大蛋糕，将中日关系推上亚洲这个大舞台加以运筹和发展。在全球层面，应在国际金融秩序改革、推进公正有效的全球治理、反对贸易保护主义等领域加强相互支持与合作。
三是国民感情的瓶颈。国民感情的好坏直接影响中日关系走向，有时甚至是决定性的。目前，中日民间层面的交流不可谓不密切，但是彼此信任度不高，亲近感不强，增信释疑度不深，在不少问题上相互猜忌警戒，甚至情绪对立。造成这种局面的原因是复杂的，有历史 28
因素，有前些年两国政治僵局的后遗症，也有相互了解的不足，但根本上讲，是两国之间的战略猜疑和现实利益摩擦在民众层面的反映。扭转这个局面，不可能―毕其功于一役‖，而应标本兼治。一方面努力保持两国关系良好发展势头，切实增进政治互信，为两国民众互动营造积极的大环境。另一方面官民并举，持之以恒地开展人文交流和民间友好交往，特别是青少年交流，逐步增进相互理解，培育和扩大彼此的友好感情。在这方面，我们的影视剧应该多反映中日两国人民世代友好的题材，也可同日方进行合作，推出成功的佳品。
各位同事，日本问题研究始终是中国社科研究的重要领域。改革开放以来，在广大学者的辛勤努力下，中国的日本问题研究范围不断扩大，深度不断提高，视野不断拓展，形成了比较完备的研究体系，取得了丰硕的学术成果，对推动中日关系发展，促进我国的现代化建设，发挥了重要作用。在新的历史时期，进一步加强日本问题研究，符合我们国家、社会以及中日关系发展的客观需要，具有重要意义。借此机会，我想结合个人感受提几点建议，仅供参考。
一是要运用现代科学方法，加强研究的全面性和系统性。日本对中国的研究深入细致，重视实地调查和实证研究，学者对相关课题保持持续而紧密的跟踪。戴季陶是蒋介石的谋士，在日本生活多年，对日本有较深的了解。尽管他是一个反动政客，但他说过一句话：日本是把―中国‖这个题目装在试验管里化验了几千次。相比之下，我们的日本研究还有很多值得改进之处：有些研究浮于表面，泛泛而论；有些研究过多依赖二三手材料，缺乏实地现场调研；有些研究先入为主，结论在先，缺乏缜密细致的科学论证过程。我们要正视这些问题，要学习毛泽东同志当年徒步700公里，撰写《湖南农民运动考察报告》的精神，更多地掌握鲜活的材料和数据，更多地透过现象看本质，更多地通过科学的论证过程，从而得出更有说服力和更加牢靠、经得住推敲的结论。
二是要对政府的决策提供支撑作用。随着外交议题日益多元化和复杂化，学术研究应更具前瞻性，超越对现有政策的阐释和分析，为外交决策提供深厚的思想和理论支持。当然，要形成这种政学相重的良性互动，离不开政府为学者接触和参与决策提供必要机制和支持协助。同时，学者也要主动走出书斋，在政策调研中扮演更加积极主动的角色。比如关于中日如何在亚洲开展合作，就有大量课题需要做深入细致的研究。
三是要保持客观，实事求是。媒体、互联网已经成为各界向公众发表观点的主要途径，对学术研究也在产生越来越大的影响。由于中国民众特殊的对日感情，在日本研究中保持冷静客观、实事求是显得尤为重要。唯有如此，才能向社会传递准确无误的信息，才能引导民众全面真实地认识和了解日本，才能真正有利于维护和拓展国家利益。
四是要结合中国发展的需要。上世纪初期，数万中国留学生东渡日本，包括李大钊、周恩来、鲁迅、郭沫若等一批伟人，他们学成回国，对中国近代发展进程产生了重要影响。今天的日本研究，也需要学以致用，建议大家深入解析日本战后走过的发展道路，总结日本在政治、经济、科学、教育、社会等各个领域以及如何应对外压、维护本国利益的经验教训，为我们推动转变经济发展方式，改善民生，建设和谐社会提供有益参考。
各位同事，中华日本学会和全国日本经济学会是中国日本问题研究有代表性的团体。两学会首次联合举行年会，标志着日本学界的交流迈上一个新台阶。我衷心祝愿在两学会带领下，日本研究不断取得新的成绩，为中日关系的健康稳定发展和我国的现代化建设做出更大的贡献。
唐家璇同志在第五届上海论坛开幕式上的致辞
（2010年5月29日，上海）
尊敬的各位来宾，女士们，先生们，朋友们，今天很高兴出席复旦大学主办的第五届上海论坛。上海论坛成立5年来，已发展成为各国政界、商界、学术界精英交流互动，共议时事，共商大计的高层次重要平台。当前世界经济逐步企稳复苏，但国际金融危机影响犹在，后危机时代世界和亚洲的发展走向倍受关注。本届论坛以―经济全球化与亚洲的选择：反思·复苏·重构‖为主题，紧扣时代脉搏，回顾过去，思考未来，对于影响和引导亚洲发展具有重要的现实意义。
当今世界正在发生广泛而深刻的变化。经济全球化是最重要的趋势之一。一大批亚洲国家把握经济全球化带来的机遇，实现了加速发展。亚洲经济总量从1990年占世界总量的15%跃升至目前的25%左右，商品贸易、服务贸易和吸引外资分别占到世界总量的26.8%、32.5%和25%。全球跨国企业纷纷在亚洲投资，并将研发中心转移到亚洲，推动了本地区的科技进步和产业升级。亚洲国家加快彼此经济融合和区域合作步伐，加快融入国际经济体系，学习先进的国际管理经验，熟悉国际通行的法律、法规和规则，经济社会取得全面发展与进步。
另一方面，经济全球化也给亚洲国家带来风险和挑战。百年不遇的国际金融危机给亚洲经济造成严重冲击。随着各国稳定金融和刺激增长政策取得积极成效，亚洲和世界经济正走出金融危机阴霾，逐步恢复增长。但我们应该清醒地认识到，引发危机的一些结构性问题并未得到根本解决，世界经济好转的基础还不稳固，国际金融危机的深层次影响将长期存在。
这场危机促使人们对亚洲传统发展模式进一步开展深刻反思。
一是对过于依赖外需的反思。亚洲国家长期依靠出口增长创造经济繁荣，然而，过度依赖外部市场也增加了亚洲经济发展的脆弱性。这场危机充分暴露出亚洲经济内生发展动力不 31
足的问题。在世界经济结构面临深刻调整、美欧消费需求持续下滑的背景下，亚洲国家需要加快培育内需，切实增强自主发展能力。
二是对高昂环境代价的反思。多数亚洲国家正处于工业化发展阶段，―高投入、高能耗、高污染、低产出‖的发展模式导致生态环境恶化、资源能源短缺。随着绿色和低碳经济在全球范围兴起，亚洲国家需要大力加强资源节约和环境保护，积极促进绿色循环经济增长。
三是对民生保障不足的反思。亚洲经济高速发展带来了人民生活水平的改善和提高，但亚洲仍是世界贫困人口最集中的地区之一，面临经济发展不平衡、贫富分化严重、社会保障体系滞后等诸多问题。促进社会经济协调发展、更加注重社会保障、大力改善民生应该成为亚洲国家的努力方向。
纵观人类历史，每一次重大危机总是伴随着技术进步与经济发展的重要机遇。各国之间在更高水平上的新一轮发展已经拉开序幕。亚洲正处于发展的关键时期，既面临难得机遇，也面临复杂挑战。顺应潮流，加快调整，勇于和善于创新，就能够在新一轮发展中争取新优势。默守陈规、一成不变、固步自封，就可能落伍甚至掉队。亚洲国家在后危机时代要保持经济快速、稳定、健康发展，需要付出更加艰苦的努力。
女士们，先生们，在中国改革开放的历史进程中，我们不断适应经济全球化发展的新形势，用科学的理念、开放的战略、统筹的方法、共赢的途径，实现了中国经济跨越式发展和经济社会的全面进步。
面对国际金融危机，中国政府迅速调整宏观经济政策，注重标本兼治、远近结合、综合协调、相互促进，把扩大国内需求，调整产业结构、推进科技创新、加强社会保障结合起来，把增加投资和刺激消费结合起来，把克服当前困难和促进长远发展结合起来，把拉动经济增 32
长和发展民生结合起来，在全球率先实现经济回升。去年中国经济增长8.7%，今年第一季度增长11.9%，对世界经济增长做出了重要贡献。
作为亚洲大家庭的一员，中国从亚洲共同发展中获益，更以自身发展带动亚洲的发展与繁荣。亚洲国家经受住两次金融危机的严重冲击，在危机中和衷共济，相互扶助，共度时艰，团结合作的意识显著增强。1997年亚洲金融危机时，中国表示感同身受、同舟共济，宣布人民币不贬值，有力维护了亚洲经济的稳定。去年国际金融危机中，中国同马来西亚、印尼、韩国签订了总额达3600亿人民币的双边货币互换协议，推动东盟与中日韩就建立1200亿美元的外汇储备库达成共识。同时，中国保持亚洲国家第一大出口市场地位，为维护亚洲经济稳定、拉动亚洲经济增长发挥了重要作用。
中国积极推进区域自贸安排和金融合作。今年1月1日中国-东盟自贸区正式建成，这是中国签署的首个自贸协议，也是目前发展中国家之间最大的自贸区和世界上人口最多的自贸区。自贸区建成当月，双方贸易额同比增长80%，其中中国对东盟出口和进口分别增长52.8%和117.3%。在有关各方共同努力下，东盟与中日韩外汇储备库于今年３月建成，区域信用担保与投资基金于５月建立。中国在其中积极引领推动，发挥了建设性作用。
应当看到，中国仍是世界上最大的发展中国家，中国在发展过程中遇到或将要遇到的困难是许多其他国家难以想象的。中国有超过13亿的人口，人均国内生产总值居世界百名之后，仅相当于全球人均水平的44%，不足发达国家人均水平的十分之一。同时，中国在加快经济增长方式转变、调整经济结构、发展社会事业和改善民生等方面还面临着艰巨繁重的任务。无论我们自己，还是国际社会，都应对中国保持清醒、客观的认识。中国的首要任务仍然是解决好自己的发展问题。
我想强调的是，坚持对外开放是中国的基本国策。在全球化深入发展的时代，中国将继续奉行和平发展、互利共赢的理念，同各国一道共同分享发展机遇，共同应对各种挑战。那 33
种你输我赢、你危我安的零和博弈思维早已过时。中国的政治制度、历史文化、外交理念都决定了我们决不会走以大欺小、以强凌弱的道路。一个稳定、发展和繁荣的中国，不会对任何国家构成威胁，只会给亚洲和世界带来更多的发展和合作机遇。在全球化发展进程中，亚洲的选择就是中国的选择。中国将顺应时代潮流发展方向和国内发展要求，进一步拓展对外开放的广度和深度，寻求同世界和亚洲各国的全方位友好合作，永远做亚洲国家的好邻居、好朋友、好伙伴！
女士们、先生们，中国愿意同亚洲各国一道，继续积极参与经济全球化进程，在合作中推动全球化健康发展；继续大力推动区域经济一体化，加强亚洲市场建设；继续推动国家经济发展方式转变，在实践中探索未来亚洲新的发展道路。
第一，坚持亚洲的开放型发展。亚洲国家应继续顺应经济全球化的大潮流，坚持对外开放不动摇。在积极参与全球化的进程中，把握机遇，防范风险，扩大开放领域，提高开放质量，建立内外联动、互利共赢、安全高效的开放型经济体系。反对和抵制各种形式的保护主义，维护公正自由的全球贸易和投资体系。通过提高自身经济与世界经济的融合度，争取更加广阔的发展空间。
第二，促进亚洲的可持续发展。节约资源和保护环境不仅关系各国人民的现实利益，也关系到我们子孙后代的永续发展。亚洲国家应同世界各国一道，转变经济增长方式，加快经济结构调整，大力发展以节约资源和降低能耗为重点的新兴产业，弘扬生态文明理念和环保意识，引导公众消费模式和生活方式，积极应对气候变化，努力实现绿色循环经济发展。
第三，推动亚洲的均衡性发展。国际社会应帮助亚洲广大发展中国家增强自主发展能力，改善民生，消除贫困，使全球化朝着均衡、普惠、共赢的方向发展。亚洲国家之间也应取长 34
补短、优势互补，大力加强区域合作和区域融合，缩小区域发展差距，培育亚洲市场，确保亚洲经济发展惠及各国人民。
第四，努力实现亚洲的创新型发展。创新是持续发展的动力源泉。同世界先进水平相比，亚洲在科技创新方面仍存在较大差距。我们应奋起直追，加强人才培养，加大创新投入，促进科技成果向现实生产力转化，增强科技对经济发展的支撑作用。同时，我们希望发达国家着眼长远，帮助亚洲国家提高创新能力，为双方更高水平的互利合作提供更加广阔的前景。
最后，我还想着重强调一下维护亚洲和谐发展的重要性和紧迫性。亚洲是一个充满生机和活力的地区，同时也是一个不稳定、不确定因素相对突出的地区。热点问题多发而且起伏不定，突发性事件不断，一旦处理不慎，容易导致紧张局势升级，对地区和平与发展带来冲击。恐怖主义和宗教极端势力活跃，对一些国家的社会稳定、人民生命和财产安全构成现实威胁。部分国家政局持续波动，对国内社会政治稳定和经济发展造成消极影响。没有和平稳定，发展就无从谈起。亚洲国家应从维护本国及本地区良好发展环境的大局出发，切实增进相互信任，冷静、自制、理性地坚持通过和平方式妥善解决矛盾分歧和发生的问题。我们也希望国际社会为维护亚洲的和平、稳定与发展发挥建设性作用，客观公正作出判断，多促进接触对话，切勿做激化矛盾、火上浇油的事。
今天在座的各位都是各国政界、商界和学术界的精英，对亚洲的发展有着不少精辟独到的见解。希望各位在此次论坛上充分发挥聪明才智，集思广益，提出真知灼见，为亚洲的发展贡献智慧和力量。我预祝本届论坛取得圆满成功，也向各位朋友预致谢意。
谢谢大家！
2010年6月11日，国家主席胡锦涛在塔什干举行上海合作组织成员国元首理事会第十次会议上发表了题为《深化务实合作 维护和平稳定》的重要讲话。讲话全文如下：
深化务实合作 维护和平稳定
——在上海合作组织成员国元首理事会第十次会议上的讲话
（2010年6月11日，塔什干）
中华人民共和国主席 胡锦涛
尊敬的卡里莫夫总统，尊敬的各位同事：
很高兴在千年古城塔什干同大家见面。乌兹别克斯坦担任主席国以来，为推动上海合作组织发展做了大量卓有成效的工作，中方对此予以高度评价。在这里，我谨向卡里莫夫总统和乌兹别克斯坦政府为本次峰会所做的精心准备和周到安排，表示衷心的感谢！
在这里，我还要代表中国政府和人民，对本组织和其他成员国在中国青海玉树强烈地震发生后给予中方不同形式的援助和支持，对本组织和其他成员国积极参与上海世博会，表示衷心的感谢！
上次塔什干峰会6年来，在成员国共同努力下，上海合作组织在维护地区安全稳定、促进成员国发展方面作出积极贡献。近一年来，上海合作组织各领域务实合作再结硕果，为共同应对国际金融危机冲击发挥了重要作用。上次塔什干峰会确定建立的本组织广泛的伙伴关系网络逐步形成。中方对这些成就的取得感到由衷的高兴。
各位同事！
当前，世界多极化和经济全球化深入发展，和平、发展、合作的时代潮流更加强劲，国际政治经济格局加速调整，本地区各国相互依存更加紧密。与此同时，本地区形势中的不稳定不确定因素明显增多，国际金融危机影响继续显现，―三股势力‖、毒品走私等问题日益突
出。在这样的背景下，上海合作组织各成员国只有切实遵循―上海精神‖，加强团结协作，发挥集体智慧和力量，才能战胜艰难险阻，实现共同发展。为此，我建议在上海合作组织框架内深化以下领域合作。
第一，巩固团结互信，夯实本组织发展的政治基础。我们要坚决贯彻《长期睦邻友好合作条约》，本着世代友好的原则宗旨，继续加强战略对话和政策协调，在涉及成员国主权、安全、发展的核心利益问题上密切协作。要合理有效运用突发事件应急机制，及时就重大国际和地区问题制定共同立场，发出共同声音，切实维护地区安全稳定。我们衷心希望吉尔吉斯斯坦局势尽快稳定、社会发展、人民幸福。中方愿同成员国一道，继续向吉尔吉斯斯坦提供力所能及的帮助。
第二，加大反恐力度，构筑本组织发展的安全环境。我们要继续落实《上海合作组织反恐怖主义公约》及本组织其他合作文件，有效提高打击地区―三股势力‖能力。要加强情报交流、边境管控和交通运输工具安保，健全打击毒品走私等跨国犯罪合作机制，加强人员培训和交流，提高联合执法效率。建议各方就跨境油气管道安保合作商签有关法律文件。
第三，深挖合作潜力，增强本组织发展的持续后劲。我们要加紧实施《〈多边经贸合作纲要〉落实措施计划》和成员国应对金融危机共同倡议，扎实推进区域交通、能源、通信基础设施网络化建设，落实海关、质检、交通运输等领域便利化措施，遴选多方参与、共同受益的新的示范性项目，尽快启动经济发展监测机制。要创新合作模式，研究建立上海合作组织区域内电子商务平台，开展农业合作联合专题研究。建议将非资源领域合作作为本组织区域经济合作新的重要发展方向。
中方在去年叶卡捷琳堡峰会上承诺向成员国提供的100亿美元贷款正在积极落实。中方将在今年乌鲁木齐对外经济贸易洽谈会期间举行―上海合作组织商务日‖，希望各成员国政府和工商界积极支持和参与。
第四，扩大友好交流，巩固本组织发展的人文基础。我们应该把首次科技部长会议的共识变为行动，确定成员国多边科技合作的基础原则、优先方向及项目实施方式。建议尽快召开卫生部长会议，深化疫病防治、公共卫生等有利民生的合作。建议推动国家行政学院院长论坛机制化发展，分享政府管理经验，提高公共治理水平。中方愿为成员国汉语教学提供更多师资、教材以及培训和进修机会。
第五，完善内部建设，健全本组织发展的决策机制。为有效把握机遇、应对挑战，本组织需要加强和完善自身建设。这次会议将批准的程序规则，为本组织各机构高效运转奠定了法律基础。中方支持本组织加强法制和机制建设，为成员国务实合作迈向更高水平提供保障。
第六，秉承透明开放，营造本组织发展的良好环境。我们要深化同观察员国及伙伴国在安全、经贸、能源、交通、海关等领域的务实合作，加强同其他国际和区域组织的相互协作，在更广范围内整合资源，优势互补，提高地区经济社会发展水平，为各国人民谋求更多福祉。
本组织在解决阿富汗问题方面发挥着独特作用，中方支持上海合作组织为推进阿富汗和平重建和长治久安作出更大贡献。
各位同事！
明年，本组织将迎来10周年华诞。建议成员国及本组织常设机构精心谋划，开展丰富多彩的纪念活动，宣传组织的宗旨和原则，带动各领域合作，为本组织发展注入新的动力。
上海世博会正在本组织的发源地隆重举行。―和谐世界，从邻开始‖，是上海合作组织参加上海世博会的主题，也符合中国一贯坚持奉行的与邻为善、以邻为伴的周边外交方针。中国将坚持互利共赢的开放战略，同各国一道，为创造本地区持久和平、共同繁荣的新成就作出更大努力。
最后，我衷心祝贺哈萨克斯坦接任上海合作组织轮值主席国，承办2011年本组织峰会。
谢谢大家！
Addre by H.E.Hu Jintao President of the People’s Republic of China
At the 10th Meeting of the Council of Heads of Member States of The Shanghai Cooperation Organization
Tashkent, 11 June 2010
Your Excellency President Karimov, Dear Colleagues，It gives me great pleasure to meet you all in Tashkent, a city with a history of several thousand years.Since auming the chairmanship of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization(SCO), Uzbekistan has done a large amount of effective work for the development of this Organization.China highly appreciates its efforts.I wish to expre heartfelt thanks to President Karimov and the government of Uzbekistan for the thoughtful preparations and arrangements for this meeting.I wish to begin by extending, on behalf of the Chinese government and people, sincere gratitude to the SCO and the member states for your aistance and support in various forms following the maive earthquake in Yushu of China’s Qinghai Province.I also wish to thank you for your active participation in Expo 2010 Shanghai.Through the joint efforts of its member states, the SCO has made positive contribution to regional security and stability and the development of its member states since we last met in Tashkent six years ago.Over the past year, our practical cooperation in various fields within the SCO has been fruitful and has contributed greatly to our collective response to the international financial crisis.The extensive network of partnership the last Tashkent Summit decided to create is steadily taking shape.China is gratified to see all these achievements.Dear Colleagues，39
We live in a world that is moving toward multi-polarity and economic globalization.The trend of our timesis becoming stronger, the adjustment of the international political and economic pattern is gathering pace, and countries in our region are more interdependent than ever.At the same time, however, destabilizing factors and uncertainties are clearly on the rise in our region.The impact of the international financial crisis can still be felt.And problems such as the ―three forces‖ and drug trafficking are becoming more pronounced.Against this backdrop, the SCO member states should earnestly follow the ―Shanghai Spirit‖, step up solidarity and coordination and bring into play our collective wisdom and strength.Only in so doing can we overcome difficulties and achieve common development.In this regard, I propose that cooperation in the following areas be intensified within the SCO framework:
First, strengthen solidarity and mutual trust to consolidate the political foundation for the Organization’s development.We should resolutely implement the Treaty on Long-term Good-neighborline, Friendship and Cooperation.In line with the principle and purpose of ever-lasting friendship, we should continue to increase strategic dialogue and policy coordination and cooperate closely on iues concerning the sovereignty, security, development and other core interests of member states.We should make good and effective use of the mechanism for dealing with contingencies, work out common positions on major international and regional iues in a timely fashion and speak with one voice on these iues so as to effectively maintain regional security and stability.We sincerely hope that the situation in Kyrgyzstan will stabilize as soon as poible, the country will achieve social development and its people will enjoy happine.China is ready to work with other member states and continue to help the people of Kyrgyzstan within our capability.Second, step up counter-terrorism efforts and build a safe environment for the Organization’s development.We should further implement the SCO Counter-Terrorism Convention and other cooperation documents of the Organization and effectively increase the capability of fighting the ―three forces‖ in the region.We should strengthen intelligence sharing, border management and control and the security of means of transportation.We should improve the cooperation mechanism on fighting drug trafficking and other transnational crimes, strengthen personnel training and exchanges, and increase the efficiency of joint law enforcement.We propose the conclusion of a legal document on security cooperation regarding cro-border oil and gas pipelines.40
Third, fully tap the potential of our cooperation and strengthen the basis for the sustained development of the Organization.We should accelerate the execution of the Action Plan on Implementation of the Program of Multilateral Trade and Economic Cooperation and the joint initiative of SCO member states on countering the financial crisis, and take concrete steps to increase the interconnectivity of transport, energy, telecommunications and other infrastructure in the region.We should work to facilitate customs clearance, quality inspection and transportation, identify new demonstration projects with multiple participants and beneficiaries, and launch the mechanism to monitor economic development as soon as poible.We should innovate new cooperation models, study ways to establish an SCO regional e-commerce platform and conduct joint studies on agricultural cooperation.We propose that non-resource sectors be identified as a new priority for SCO’s regional economic cooperation.At the Summit in Yekaterinburg, China pledged loans totaling USD10 billion to other SCO member states.The Chinese side is actively implementing this pledge.This year, China will hold an ―SCO Busine Day‖ during the upcoming Urumqi Foreign Economic Relations and Trade Fair.We hope the governments and busine communities of SCO member states will actively support and participate in this event.Fourth, expand friendly exchanges and firm up the cultural foundation for the development of the Organization.We should put into action the consensus reached at the first meeting of ministers of science and technology and establish the basic principles and priority areas of multilateral science and technology cooperation among SCO member states and the methods for implementing relevant projects.China suggests a meeting of health ministers be held as soon as poible to deepen the cooperation on prevention and treatment of epidemic diseases, public health and other initiatives that can enhance the well-being of our people.China also suggests the institutionalization of the Forum for Heads of National Schools and Institutes of Public Administration for the benefit of experience-sharing on government administration and capacity building for public administration.The Chinese side is also ready to provide more teachers, textbooks and training opportunities for the teaching and study of Chinese language in SCO member states.Fifth, improve institutional building and the decision-making mechanism for the development of the Organization.To maximize opportunities and meet challenges, our
Organization needs to enhance and improve its own institutions and procedures.This Summit will approve a set of rules of procedure, which will lay the legal foundation for efficient operation of various SCO bodies.China supports the SCO in enhancing legal and institutional building in order to better facilitate practical cooperation among member states.Sixth, promote transparency and inclusivene to create a favorable environment for the development of the Organization.We should intensify practical cooperation with observer states and dialogue partners in the security, economic and trade, energy, transportation, customs and other fields, step up coordination with other regional and international organizations and integrate resources in a larger context to achieve complementarity of strength, raise the level of economic and social development in the region, and bring more benefits to the people of our countries.The SCO plays a unique role on the iue of Afghanistan.China supports the SCO in making still greater contribution to the peaceful reconstruction and long-term stability of Afghanistan.Dear Colleagues，Next year, our Organization will celebrate its 10th anniversary.We propose that SCO member states and permanent bodies carefully plan a variety of activities to mark the occasion, enhance public awarene of the purposes and principles of our Organization, move forward cooperation in various fields and give new impetus to the development of the SCO.The World Expo is underway in Shanghai, the birthplace of this Organization.―World Harmony Begins in the Neighborhood‖.This is the theme of SCO participation in the Shanghai World Expo.It is consistent with China’s long-standing foreign policy objective of building amicable relations and partnerships with neighboring countries.China will adhere to the win-win strategy of opening up and, together with other countries, make even greater efforts for new achievements in bringing enduring peace and common prosperity to this region.In conclusion, I sincerely congratulate Kazakhstan on auming the SCO rotating Chairmanship and hosting the 2011 SCO Summit.42
Thank you.戴秉国国务委员在亚信论坛第三次峰会上的讲话
（6月8日，伊斯坦布尔）
尊敬的居尔总统，尊敬的纳扎尔巴耶夫总统，尊敬的各位总统、总理、外长，各位同事，朋友们：
作为中国国家主席胡锦涛的特别代表，我很高兴来到美丽的伊斯坦布尔，出席亚洲相互协作与信任措施会议第三次峰会。我谨对土耳其继任亚信论坛主席国表示热烈祝贺，对土方为峰会成功召开所做的精心准备和周到安排表示衷心感谢。我特别要转达胡锦涛主席对与会各国领导人的亲切问候和美好祝愿。
18年前，长达近半个世纪的冷战刚刚结束，纳扎尔巴耶夫总统就倡议建立亚信论坛，反映了亚洲各国人民渴望和平、维护安全、寻求合作的共同心愿。
18年来，伴随着亚洲地区发展进步的坚实脚步，亚信论坛在成员国共同努力下不断成长，为增进亚洲国家相互了解与信任，维护地区安全与稳定，促进区域交流与合作提供了有益平台，发挥了独特作用。仅2006年第二次峰会以来，论坛框架内就举行能源、农业、警务、旅游等领域数十次高官会、专家会或研讨会；执行或制订中的合作构想和行动计划有十余份，涉及禁毒、旅游、生态、人文、信息技术、中小企业发展、应对新威胁新挑战等领域；同中西亚经济合作组织、欧亚经济共同体等签署了合作备忘录，迎来新成员国越南、伊拉克和新观察员孟加拉国的加入。亚信论坛不断发展壮大并日臻成熟，论坛的宗旨和原则得到亚洲各国日益广泛的认同。
作为亚信论坛创始成员国，中方为论坛取得的辉煌成就感到由衷高兴，对论坛发起者纳扎尔巴耶夫总统的政治智慧和远见卓识深表钦佩，对哈萨克斯坦担任主席国期间所做的大量工作给予高度评价。土耳其是一个有着丰富文化和灿烂文明的国家，一个快速发展、在亚洲乃至世界上影响和作用不断上升的国家。中方相信，今后一个时期，在居尔总统的亲自关心推动下，在土方同事的不懈努力下，亚信论坛将取得新的长足发展。
各位同事、朋友们，亚洲是我们共同生活的这个世界的重要组成部分。放眼全球，当今世界正处在与18年前不同的大发展、大调整、大变革中。世界仍然很不安宁，但是和平与发展的力量从来没有象今天这样强大，多极化趋势从来没有象今天这样清晰，各国的命运从来没有象今天这样紧密相关，国际合作与国际关系民主化的呼声从来没有象今天这样强劲。我们今天生活的这个世界是一个多元化、多样化和多极化趋势不断发展的世界，一个资源全球配置、资金商品与人员全球流动的世界，一个政治、经济、文化、社会快速发展进步的世界。这个世界已不可能接受任何形式的霸权和单一价值体系，世界事务由一两个或几个国家决定的时代已经过去。
18年后的今天，我们这个曾经以璀璨文明推动了世界进步的亚洲，虽然也面临着多方面复杂的问题和挑战，但它以众多的人口、多样的文化、快速的增长、区域的合作，成为全球最具发展活力和潜力的地区，为世界和平、发展、进步作出越来越大的贡献。作为亚洲人，我们有理由为此感到自豪。
展望未来，经济全球化、世界多极化、地区一体化将会更加深入发展，各国相互依存、利益交融、更加密不可分。人类遇到的共同性问题和全球性挑战日益增多，国际体系变革和全球治理机制建设加速推进，国际竞争与国际合作将在更高层次和更广领域展开。世界―地 44
球村‖中的亚洲地区，既面临前所未有的发展机遇，区域合作的各种选择；也面临不少热点问题和安全威胁，各国维护和平稳定、促进经济发展、提高民众福祉依然任重道远。
充分利用亚信论坛等地区多边交流合作机制，是营造良好地区环境的重要途径，符合各国利益和共同需要。亚信论坛成员国应该着眼于后金融危机时期，增进信任与协作，锲而不舍地追求以下目标：
第一，共同建设安全稳定的亚洲。秉持互信、互利、平等、协作的新安全观，既重视本国的安全、又顾及别国合理安全关切，尊重彼此核心利益。坚持尊重各国维护国家统一、领土完整与民族团结的权利，尊重各国独立自主选择发展道路、制定内外政策的权利，尊重各国平等参与国际事务、平等发展的权利。坚持以和平方式处理争端和分歧。坚决打击和协同应对恐怖主义、分裂主义、极端主义、毒品走私和跨国有组织犯罪等各种威胁和挑战，促进地区长治久安。
第二，共同建设发展繁荣的亚洲。发展是直接关系亚洲各国人民福祉和安危的根本性问题。亚洲多数国家是发展中国家，贫困人口占世界的三分之二。各国应坚持奉行互利共赢的合作方针，加强宏观经济政策协调，积极挖掘各自的独特优势和潜力，逐步推进区域合作和自由贸易安排，不断扩大深化经贸、科技、投资、能源、资源、交通、通信等各领域务实合作，注重共同利益，发展共同利益、维护共同利益，把共同利益的蛋糕做大做好，使我们亚洲始终保持蓬勃向上的发展势头，共同提高亚洲的发展和民生水平。
第三，共同建设和谐进步的亚洲。亚洲多样的文明文化，是人类共同的宝贵财富，更是亚洲各国发展进步不竭的动力。中国古代先哲就曾提出―海纳百川‖的思想。我们应以开放、包容、友善的态度真诚相待，实现国家之间、民族之间、宗教信仰之间、各种文明之间和谐相处、互鉴共进，建设丰富多彩的和谐亚洲。
各位同事、朋友们，45
中国是亚洲大家庭中的一员。中国人民同亚洲各国人民有过共同的历史命运，又一同走过了艰难曲折的发展道路。我们深知，中国的繁荣发展、安全稳定离不开亚洲的振兴与和平安宁；亚洲的繁荣发展、安全稳定也离不开中国的发展与安定。实际上我们已处于祸福相依、安危与共的利益与命运共同体中。我愿在这里郑重告诉各位，中国是一个对中国人民、对亚洲、对世界都负责任的国家。中国热爱和平、珍惜稳定、寻求合作、致力发展，将继续坚定不移地巩固和加强同亚洲各国的睦邻友好关系，扩大和加深互利共赢合作，向有关国家提供力所能及的真诚帮助，积极参与和支持区域、次区域合作机制的发展，为亚洲更加繁荣、稳定、安全做出自己应有的贡献。我还要告诉各位，中国仍然是一个发展中国家，要实现中华民族的伟大复兴，还有很长很长的路要走，还有许多许多难题需要解决，即使将来有一天真正发展起来，富裕起来了，我们仍将走和平发展道路，把自己的力量用来为亚洲和世界的和平、安定、发展服务。中国决不当超级大国，永远不谋求在亚洲和世界上称王称霸。我们没有这种传统，没有这种欲望，更没有这种政策。我也要告诉各位，作为论坛的创始成员国，中国将一如既往地积极参与亚信论坛各领域信任措施的落实工作，为论坛长期发展提供有力支持，包括继续向论坛捐款，使论坛越办越好。
各位同事、朋友们，我们已经进入了21世纪的第二个十年。有人说，过去的几个世纪里，往往头二十年的大事决定和影响着整个世界的历史走向。中国愿与亚洲各国一起坚定合作意志，完善合作机制，强化合作实践，共同努力，把下一个十年亚洲的事情办好，使亚洲的21世纪成为合作、安全、繁荣的世纪。
谢谢大家。
Remarks by State Councilor Dai Bingguo at the Third Summit of the Conference on Interaction and Confidence Building Measures in Asia
Istanbul, 8 June 2010
Your Excellency President Abdullah Gul, Your Excellency President Nursultan Nazarbayev, Your Excellencies, Presidents, Prime Ministers, Foreign Ministers, Dear Colleagues, Friends, It is a great pleasure to join you at the Third Summit of the Conference on Interaction and Confidence Building Measures in Asia(CICA)in the beautiful city of Istanbul as the Special Representative of President Hu Jintao.Let me extend to Turkey warm congratulations on auming the CICA chairmanship and sincere thanks for its careful preparations and thoughtful arrangements for the succeful convocation of the Summit.I would like to especially convey, the cordial greetings and good wishes form President HU Jintao to all the leaders present here today.Eighteen years ago, shortly after the nearly half-a–century long Cold War came to the end, President Nazarbayev proposed the idea of CICA in line with the common desire of people in Asia for peace, security and cooperation.Over the 18 years, along with the solid steps of regional development and progre in Asia, CICA, with its member states working hand in hand, has continued to grow and played a unique role as a useful platform for enhancing mutual understanding and confidence among Asian countries, safeguarding regional security and stability, and promoting regional exchanges and cooperation.Since the Second Summit in 2006, dozens of meetings of senior officials and experts as well as seminars have been held on energy, agriculture, police service and tourism under the framework of CICA.Over a dozen initiatives and action plans of cooperation are either implemented or in the making, covering such areas as drug control, tourism, ecology, cultural and people-to-people exchange, information technology, development of small and medium-sized enterprises, and meeting new threats and challenges.CICA has signed memoranda of cooperation with Economic Cooperation Organization, Eurasian Economic Community and other organizations, and admitted Vietnam and Iraq as new members and Bangladesh as a new observer.CICA is growing stronger and more mature.Its purposes and principles are widely recognized by Asian countries.47
As a founding member, China is truly delighted to see CICA making remarkable achievements.We deeply admire the political wisdom, far-sightedne and vision of President Nazarbayev, the founding father of CICA, and highly appreciate the tremendous work Kazakhstan has done during its CICA chairmanship.Turkey boasts a rich culture and brilliant civilization, and enjoys fast development and growing role and influence in Asia and beyond.China believes that in the months and years to come, with the personal commitment of President Gul and the relentle efforts of our Turkish colleagues, CICA will make new and big progre.Dear Colleagues, Friends, Asia is an important part of our world that is undergoing major development, adjustment and transformation different from that of 18 years ago.The world today is still far form being tranquil.Yet the force of peace and development has never before been so powerful, the trend towards multi-polarity never so clear, destines of countries never so closely connected, the call for international cooperation and greater democracy in international relations never so strong.Where we live today is a world witneing growing trends toward pluralism, diversity and multi-polarity, a world adapting to globalized allocation of resources and movement of capital, goods and people, and a world experiencing fast political, economic, cultural and social development and progre.Such a world can no longer tolerate hegemony of any forms or a single value system.The days are gone when one or two, or a handful of countries dominated world affairs.Eighteen years on, Asia that once contributed to world progre with its resplendent civilization, despite multiple complex problems and challenges, shows greater dynamism and potential than the rest of the world and is making increasingly significant contribution to world peace, development and progre with abundant human resources, diverse culture, fast growth and regional cooperation.As Asians, we have every reason to feel proud.Looking ahead, economic globalization, multi-polarity and regional integration will gain further momentum.Countries will be more interdependent and inseparable with their interests closely interwoven.There will be more and more common iues and global challenges.The transformation of the international system and institution-building for 48
global governance are accelerating.International competition and cooperation will take place at higher levels and in broader areas.Asia, as part of the global village, faces unprecedented development opportunities and multiple options of regional cooperation.At the same time, it is also plagued by quite a number of hot-spot iues and security threats.Maintaining peace and stability, promoting economic development and improving people's will-being remain a long-standing and arduous task.To create a good regional environment, it is important to make full use of CICA and other regional mechanisms of multilateral exchanges and cooperation.This serves the interests and meets the common needs of all countries.CICA members should focus on the post-financial-crisis era, increase trust and coordination and unswervingly pursue the following: First, work together for a secure and stable Asia.We should stay committed to the new security concept of mutual trust, mutual benefit, equality and coordination, which requires us to not only value our respective national security, but also accommodate the legitimate security concerns of other countries and respect each other's core interests.We should respect the rights of all countries to safeguard national unity, territorial integrity and ethnic solidarity, respect the rights of all countries to independently choose development paths and formulate domestic and foreign policies and respect the equal rights of all countries to participate in international affairs and seek development.We should commit ourselves to peaceful approaches to disputes and differences and firm and joint response to all kinds of threats and challenges, including terrorism, separatism, extremism, drug trafficking and organized transnational crimes, so as to maintain long-term security and stability in the region.Second, work together for a developed and prosperous Asia.Development is a fundamental iue that is eential to the welfare and security of the people in all Asian countries.Right now, most countries in Asia are developing countries and two thirds of the world's poor are found in Asia.It is therefore important that all Asian countries should adhere to the policy of mutually beneficial and win-win cooperation, strengthen coordination of macro economic policies and actively explore their unique advantages and potential.It is important to gradually advance regional cooperation and free trade arrangements, and continuously expand and deepen practical cooperation in various fields, such as economy, trade, science and technology, investment, energy, resources，49
transportation and communications.It is important to value, pursue and uphold as well as increase and substantiate our common interests so as to keep up Asia's momentum of vigorous growth and make joint efforts to raise development level and living standards for all Asian countries.Third, work together for harmony and progre in Asia.The rich variety of civilizations and cultures in Asia is a precious aet of all mankind, and more importantly, an inexhaustible driving force for the development and progre of all Asian countries.As ancient Chinese philosophers said of the importance of inclusivene, “the sea is so inclusive that it holds the water from hundreds of rivers”.We should treat each other with sincerity, good-will and an open and inclusive mind, and we should allow different countries, nations, faiths and civilizations to live in harmony and move forward together through mutual learning.We should build a colorful and harmonious Asia.Dear Colleagues, Friends, China is a member of the great family of Asia.The Chinese people and people in other Asian countries shared the same historical experiences and have together travelled a difficult and tortuous path towards development.We are deeply aware that China's prosperity, development, security and stability would not be poible without the revitalization, peace and tranquility of Asia, and Asia's prosperity, development, security and stability would not be poible without the development and stability of China.Already, as a matter of fact, we stand together in weal or woe, peril or safety, as we have shared interests and a shared future.I would like to solemnly affirm that China is country that is responsible towards the Chinese people, towards Asia and towards the world.China loves peace, values stability, pursues cooperation and commits to development.China will continue to unremittingly consolidate and strengthen good-neighborly and friendly relations with all countries in Asia, expand and deepen mutually beneficial and win-win cooperation and offer help where help is needed in good faith within the realm of its ability.China will actively participate in and support the development of regional and sub-regional cooperation mechanisms and makes its due contributions to a more prosperous, stable and secure Asia.I also want to say that China is still a developing country in the proce of seeking revitalization.This is a long journey, and lot of difficult challenges lie ahead.Even if one day we complete the journey and become developed, we will remain
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