远大前程,二元对立_如何超越二元对立

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浅谈《远大前程》中的二元对立手法

Abstract

Great Expectation is regarded as one of Charles Dickens’ best novels, and it is also a book written in his late period.After all kinds of life experiences, his attitudes toward people and life changed a lot.Most of his mature thoughts collect in this book.In Great Expectation, Dickens creates his memorable personages by means of several techniques.Starting from a technique named binary opposition used in evaluating literary works, this paper shows a detailed analysis about how binary opposition is applied for depicting characters, environment and creating plots in this story.It begins with

explaining the term “binary opposition”, which is a pair of terms differentiated by their opposition to one another.Then it analyses binary opposition in characters such as Pip’s being a narrator and a character, Wemmick’ s cold-blooded and warm-hearted, Mi Havisham’ s cruelty and mercifulne, and in certain surroundings like Joe’s forge—a bright place and Mi Havisham’ s Satis House—a dark place.There is also binary opposition in creating plots.In the end, it concludes that by using the technique of binary opposition, the book achieves its expected effects.Key words: Charles Dickens;Great Expectation;

binary opposition;character

摘要

《远大前程》被认为是狄更斯最有名的作品之一。是他比较晚期的作品。狄更斯在经历了丰富的人间生活后，对人，对周围环境，对自己的生活经历都有了深刻的认识，他的生活态度也随之发生了很大的变化。而所有他成熟的思想认识都被认为汇总在此书中。在《远大前程》这本书中，狄更斯运用多种文学技巧刻画了许多令人难忘的艺术形象。

本文拟从文学批评的二元对立出发，对小说中人物，环境以及情节刻画的二元对立作具体探讨。首先，对二元对立这个术语作了具体解释。所谓二元对立,是指在任一系统中一对差异项的确定,并在此基础上对某种价值进行分析.然后，详细分析了人物的二元对立.比如皮普作为故事述说者和故事主人公的对立, 文米克性格中的冷血和热心的对立, 郝薇香小姐的残忍和仁慈的对立.人物所处的具体环境如乔的铁匠铺作为一个光明的象征和郝薇香小姐的沙堤斯宅作为一个阴暗象征的二元对立，以及文章的主要情节刻画中的二元对立。最后，总结运用二元对立手法所达到的使故事结构既分离又紧凑,人物塑造既对立又统一的效果。