中考英语培优补差特别讲义之二_中学英语培优补差记录

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2018年中考英语复习之冠词

考点一不定冠词

冠词是用于名词前起限定作用的虚词，一般用于单数可数名词前。冠词分两种：定冠词（the）和不定冠词（a/an）。

不定冠词：用以泛指某人或某物，常用于第一次出现的人或事物前。

基本用法

以元音音素开头的词前用an；辅音音素开头的词前用a。

（1）用在叙述第一次出现的人或物之前 This is a book.（2）泛指人或事物的某一类别，以区别于其他种类

A dictionary is an important school thing.（3）用在重量、长度、时间等单位名词前，表示“每一”

Take the medicine three times a day.（4）用于某些固定短语have a look, make a decision（5）用于某些不可数名词前表示数量“一次；一阵；一份；一类”等

There was a heavy rain in our city last night.（6）用于可视为一体的两个名词前

Mr Green finished his supper with a knife and fork.（7）用在形容词最高级前面This is a most beautiful park.倒置用法

1.名词被what，such，half等词修饰时，不定代词用于这些词后。

What an interesting movie!I’ve never seen such a good one before.多有趣的一部电影啊!我以前从没看过这么好的一部（电影）。

2.名词前的形容词被quite修饰时，用quite a+adj.+n.；若形容词被how，so，as等修饰时，a/an用于形容词后。

Jack has quite a few friends in China, because he is so kind a boy.杰克在中国朋友很多，因为他是如此善良的一个男孩。

考点二定冠词

定冠词表示特指，指特定的人或事物，常用于普通名词前。

定冠词的基本用法：

（1）用在双方都知道的人或事物前Give me the pen, please!（2）特指上文已提过的人或事物

My mother bought me a book.The book is very interesting.（3）用在世界上独一无二的事物前The earth moves around the sun.（4）用在序数词前和形容词的最高级前（副词最高级前可以省略）

The second girl is the shortest but she runs(the)fastest of all.(句中fast是副词)（5）用于形容词前表示一类人或事物The young should be polite to the old.（6）用于姓氏复数前表示一家人或夫妻

The Whites are going to have a picnic tomorrow.（7）用在表示方位的名词前Xinjiang lies in the west of China.（8）用于与play连用的乐器名称前He plays the piano very well.（9）用于与普通名词构成的专有名词前the Great Wall, the Summer Palace（10）用于固定搭配中in the morning, in the end, at the same time, by the way（11）在结构“the + 形容词比较级，the +形容词比较级”中，表示“越……越……”

The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you will make.你越仔细，出错会越少。倒置用法

1.all，half，both等+the+名词

All the students are here, but half of the girls are late because of the storm.所有的学生都来了，但是一半的女生因暴风雨而迟到。

2.倍数/分数+the+名词

We spent twice the time of yours on the work.我们做这个工作的时间是你的两倍。

考点三零冠词

某些名词前不需要用冠词，这种情况称为零冠词。

1.一日三餐前He has breakfast at school.他在学校吃早饭。2.与play连用的球类、棋牌类名词前

I like playing basketball, so dad bought me a new basketball on my 12th birthday.我喜欢打篮球，所以爸爸在我12岁生日那天给我买了一个新篮球。3.不可数名词和复数名词前表示泛指

Man can’t live without water.没有水人无法生存。

4.名词前已有指示代词、物主代词、不定代词或名词所有格等修饰

Every student likes English in our cla.我们班每个学生都喜欢英语。

5.在节日、日期、星期、月份、季节等前

Spring comes after winter.冬季之后是春天。

6.序数词前已有物主代词、名词所有格时

This is my first time to visit the Great Wall.这是我第一次参观长城。

7.学科名词前

English is an interesting subject.英语是一门有趣的学科。

8.物质名词和抽象名词前

Blood is thicker than water.血浓于水。

温馨提示：

1.字母前用a/an时由开头音素决定：a “u”;an “m” 2.序数词前用不定冠词与用定冠词时含义不同：

定冠词+序数词表示序数；不定冠词+序数词表示“又一；再”。The third boy has to take the test a second time.第三个男生不得不又参加了一次考试。

3.某些短语中有定冠词与无定冠词区别很大：

不定冠词a/an

一、用a或an填空：

1.____ honest boy 2.____ ugly man 3.____ useful tool 4.____ one-way road 5.____ uncle

6.____ uniform 7.____ university 8._____ hour 9.____ umbrella 10._____ interesting story 11._____ “x” 12.______ “s”

13.______ “h” 14.______ “u” 15 _____European 16 ______heavy snow 17 give ____shout

二、写出下列惯用语

1.一会儿

2.匆忙

3．玩得很愉快

4.去散步

5．一群

6.去游泳

7．助某人一臂之力

8.谋生

9洗澡做出选择

11作出决定从前

13突然

14因此通常

16事实上 17高速地说谎高低声地

20微笑着

21做演讲插话

23对……有天赋

24习惯于，通常 25拜访照看，密切注视给某人帮忙许多、大量 29 许多（+可数名词）许多（+不可数名词）

体育用品收藏丰富 32 价格优惠

相当成功

别客气

定冠词the

一、the用法:

1． _______ sun rises in _______ east．

2．Washington is _______ capital of _______ USA．

3．It's too hot．Open _______ door，please． 4．They went to ___People's Park，but we both went to ___ People's Cinema yesterday．

5．Where do you live？I live on _________ second floor.6．I believe that _______ young have a bright future.7．Paris is ____ most beautiful city, where you can see ____ famous Eiffel Tower.8．Eddie likes playing _____ basketball best.He doesn’t like playing _____ piano.9.Shanghai is in _______ east of China．

10.They paed our school _______ day before yesterday．

二、写出下列惯用语 1．在中间

2.一直

3．此刻，目前 4.第一次

5．去看电影（cinema）6.在右边7．给某人指路 8.与。。同样

9．在早晨

10.整理床铺整理床铺

12在…..的脚下 13 在阳光下在暗处

15在雨中

16在阴凉处

17在……开始结束时

18在20世纪90年代说实话不可能代替

22充分利用前几日

24在左右侧抓住某人的手臂打某人的头

27中秋节零冠词（不用冠词的情况）

1臂挽臂时不时的挨家挨户在航海途中 5 错误地在燃烧

7在危险中公开地生产让位给秘密地灰心减肥征求意见找麻烦对…..有好处害处冤枉 17 与……联系背诵握手

20倾听

注意

Sit at table

be in control of

take place

Sit at the table

be in control of

take the place of In the front of

by sea

in cla

live on farm In the front of

by the sea

in cla

live on the farm Leave school

take advice

in secret

on earth

Leave the school

take advice

in the secret

on the earth

综合练习：

一、.选择填空。Many people are still in _____ habit of writing silly things in ______public places.A.the;不填

B.不填;the

C.the;the

D.不填;不填

2．There is _______ old bike． _______ old bike is Mr.Zhao's．

A．an ；The

B．the；An C．a；The

D．the；The

3． ______apple a day keeps the doctors away． A．The

B．A

C．An

D．Two 4．This is _____ empty gla.Would you please give me _____ full one?

A.a, an

B.an, a

C.the, a

D.an, the

5．At that time Tom was _______ one-year-old baby．

A．a

B．an

C．the

D．／

6．We can't see _______ sun at _______ night A．the；the B．the；／

C．a；／

D．／；／

7．_______ useful book it is！

A．What an

B．How a

C．What a

D．What 8.—How many books do you have？

—I have _______ book．That's _______ English book．

A．a；an

B．a；one

C．one；an

D．one；one 9.There is _______ university in our town.A.a

B.an

C.the

D./ 10．__Great Wall is ___ longest wall in the world．

A．A；a

B．The；the C．A；the

D．The；a 11． There is ____ tall tree in ____ front of our claroom.A.a, /

B.a, the

C.the, the

D./, / 12．_______ new bridge has been built over ________ Huangpu River．

A．The；a B．A；／

C．A；the

D．An；the

13．_______ woman over there is _______ popular teacher in our school．

A．A；an

B．The；a

C．The；the D．A；the

14．Beijing is _______ beautiful city．It's _______ capital of China．

A．a；a

B．the；the C．／；the D．a；the 15．There’s _______ “u” and _______ “s” in _______ word “use”.A.an, a, the

B.a, a, a

C.a, an, the

D.the, the, the

16.The museum is quite far．It will take you half ____ hour to get there by ____ bus．

A．an；／

B．an；a

C．a；／

D．／；／

17．Does Tom often play _______ football after _____ school？

A．／；／B．／；the C．the；／D．a；／

18．____ United States and China are two of ____ biggest countries in the world.A./, the

B.The, the

C.The, /

D./, / 19．We all should be kind to _______ old.A.a

B.an

C.the

D./ 20．I've been a student there for nearly two and _______ half years．

A．a

B．an

C．the

D．／

21．We are going to have _____ supper with _____ Greens tomorrow evening.A.a, the

B.the, the

C./,D./, the 22.I often stay at _______ home to do some reading at _____ weekends.A.the, the

B./, /

C.the, /

D./, the 23.What _______ bad weather it is today!

A.a

B.an

C.the

D./ 24.It’s _______ Women’s Day today.A.a

B.an

C.the

D./ 25.My brother likes to play _______ basketball while I like to play _______ violin.A./, /

B.the, the

C.the, /

D./, the 26.Our English teacher has been in _ hospital for two days.Let’s go to see her today.A.a

B.an

C.the

D./ 27.-More college graduates would like to work in _______ west part of our country ______ next year.A.the, the

B./, /

C./, the

D.the, /

28.---When shall we hand in the exercise-books?---_______ sooner, _______ better.A.A, a B.A, the C.The, a

D.The, the 29.He wanted to hit me on ____ nose.A.a

B.an

C.the

D./ 30.I’ve never seen _ interesting film.A.such an B.a such C.an such

D.such a 31.---Are you _______ German or American?---German.But I have lived in America.A.a

B.an

C.the

D./ 32.He had tried twice, and the teacher asked him to have ____ third try.A.a B.an C.the

D./ 33.They made him _______ king．

A．a

B．the

C．an

D．／

about

[əˈbaut] prep.关于；在…周围 ad.大约；在附近 52 than

[ðæn, ðən] conj.比

into

[ˈintu, ˈintə] prep.进，入，到…里；成为；很喜欢 54 could [kud] v.aux.can的过去式；[虚拟语气等]可以(能)55 state [steit] n.状态；国家，政府；州 vt.陈述，说明 56 only

[ˈəunli] ad.只；反而 a.唯一的；最好的 conj.可是 57 new

[nju:] a.新的，新出现的，新生产的；生疏的 58 year [jiə, jə:] n.年，年份

some [sʌm,səm] a.一些，有些；某个 pron.一些 ad.大约 60 take

[teik] vt.带(去)；做；花费；拿；服用；乘；拍 61 come

[kʌm] vi.来(自)；经过；至；实现；开始；发生 62 these [ði:z] pron.[this的复数]这些

know [nəu] v.知道；认识；会；认出，分辨；懂得 64 see [nəu] v.知道；认识；会；认出，分辨；懂得 65 use

[ju:z, ju:s]vt.用；耗费，利用 n.使用，应用；用途 66 get [get] vt.获得；收到；理解 vi.变得；逐渐；到达 67 like

[laik] v.喜欢 n.[ pl.]相似(物)prep.像 a.相像的 68 then [ðen] ad.当时；那么，因而；然后，于是

first

[fə:st] num.第一 a.第一的 ad.首先；第一次；宁可 70 any

[ˈeni] pron.无论哪个;a.任何的 ad.丝毫 71 work

[wə:k] v.工作；有效 n.工作；职业[ pl.]著作 72 now [nau] ad.(到)现在，如今；这时候；马上 73 may [mei] n.五月

such [sʌtʃ] a.这样的 ad.那么 pron.这样的人(物)75 give [giv] vt.给予；提供 vi.塌下，折断，弯曲；让步 76 over

[ˈəuvə] prep.在…的上；关于 ad.颠倒地 a.结束的 77 think [θiŋk] vt.认为；想；打算 vi./ n.想，思考

most

[məust] ad.最；十分 a.最多的；大部分的 n.大多数 79 even

[ˈi:vən] ad.甚至 a.平的；平稳的；双数的 v.(使)平坦 80 find [faind] vt.发现；感到；判决 n.(有价值的)发现物 81 day

[dei] n.天，一昼夜；白昼，白天；时期，时代 82 also [ˈɔ:lsəu] ad.而且(也)，此外(还)；同样地 83 after

[ˈɑ:ftə] prep./ conj.在…之后 a.以后的 ad.后 84 way

[wei] n.方法；路；方面[ pl.]习俗 ad.非常 85 many [ˈmeni] a.许多的，多的 pron.许多人，许多 86 must

[mʌst] aux.v.必须，应该；一定 n.必须做的事 87 look

[luk] v.看；显得；朝着；打量 n.看；脸色 88 before [biˈfɔ:] prep.在…前 conj.在…以前 ad.以前 89 great

[greit] a.大的；伟大的；好极的；擅长的 90 back

[bæk] ad.回原处 n.背;后面 a.后面的 v.后退

through

[θru:] prep.穿过；从头到尾；凭借 ad./ a.自始至终 92 long

[lɔŋ] a./ ad.长(期)的(地)n.长时间 vi.渴望 93 where

[wɛə] ad./ conj.在哪里；在…的地方 pron.哪里 94 much [mʌtʃ] ad.十分； a./ n.多(的)，大量(的)95 should [ʃud, ʃəd] aux.v.[shall的过去式]；应当；可能 96 well

[wel] ad.好地；完全地 int.那末 a.健康的 n.井 97 people [ˈpi:pl] n.人(们)；[the～]人民；民族 vt.居住于 98 down [daun] a./ ad.向下(的)，在下面 prep.沿着…而下 99 own

[əun] a.自己的 vt.有，拥有

just [dʒʌst] ad.正好；只是；刚才 a.正义的；恰当的话题一：个人情况人物介绍

2.（福建泉州）初中的学习生涯即将结束了。三年来，在你获取知识的同时，你的外貌，兴趣爱好，习惯…都有了一定的改变吧！请你一定以(How I Change)为题，写一篇短文，告诉我们你的变化好吗？字数在80词左右。

温馨提示：1.短文中请勿使用真实姓名、地点或所在学校名称。2.这些词汇也许对你有帮助:hobby, habit, used to, enjoy oneself3.短文开头已经为你写好（字数不计入总数），请你接着往下写。

How I Change My life has changed a lot in the past three years.…

范文两篇：

How I Change My life has changed a lot in the past three years.When I was in Grade 7, I was a short and shy girl with long hair.I often listen to music at home.But now I like to make friends and take part in all kinds of activities.I prefer running with my clamates.So I’m becoming much healthier than before.Not only my parents but also my teachers are satisfied with me.How I Change My life has changed a lot in the past three years.I was fat and short when I came to the middle school.At that time I was interested in computer games and I spent most of time on it.My parents were worried about me.Now, I like sports and I often play football with my clamates after school.So I become taller and stronger than before.I like reading, too.I usually go to the library to read some interesting books.Good habits help me to study better and keep healthier.Leon 3 Please send me a card 请给我寄一张明信片

Postcards always spoil my holidays.Last summer, I went to Italy.I visited museums and sat in public gardens.A friendly waiter taught me a few words of Italian.'Then he lent me a book.I read a few lines, but I did not understand a word.Every day I thought about postcards.My holidays paed quickly, but I did not send any cards to my friends.On the last day I made a big decision.I got up early and bought thirty-seven cards.I spent the whole day in my room, but I did not write a single card!

Leon 4 An exciting trip 激动人心的旅行

I have just received a letter from my brother, Tim.He is in Australia.He has been there for six months.Tim is an engineer.He is working for a big firm and he has already visited a great number of different places in Australia.He has just bought an Australian car and has gone to Alice Springs, a small town in the centre of Australia.He will soon visit Darwin.From there, he will fly to Perth.My brother has never been abroad before, so he is finding this trip very exciting.七年级上册重点词组句型汇总复习

（一）Starter Units1-3 1.good morning/afternoon /evening, bob!早上/下午/晚上好，bob!2.good morning to you.祝你早上好。3.--How are you?你好吗？

—I’m fine, thanks.how are you?我很好，谢谢。你好吗？---I’m OK.我还好。

4.---What’s this in English?用英语表达这是什么？ —It’s an orange.它是一只桔子。—Spell it, please.请拼写它。—O-R-A-N-G-E.---Thank you.谢谢。

Thank you very much/a lot.-----You are welcome.=That’s all right.=That’s OK不用谢。5.--What color is it?它是什么颜色？ —it’s red.红色。

6.The key is yellow.钥匙是黄色的。=it’s a yellow key.它是黄色的钥匙。

7.Nice to meet you.很高兴见到你。----Nice to meet you, too./ Me, too.也很高兴见到你。8.How do you do? 你好！----How do you do?你好！

Unit 1 1.---What’s your name?你的名字是什么？

2.—My name is Gina.我的名字是吉娜。=i’m Gina.我是吉娜。3.What’s his name?---his name’s Tommy.4.What’s her name?—her name is jenny.5.―Nice to meet you.很高兴认识你。

—Nice to meet you, too.也很高兴认识你。6.－What’s her phone number?她的电话号码是多少？

7.—Her telephone number is 535-2375.她的电话号码是535-2375.8.－What’s his family/last name?他的姓是什么？ —His family/Last name is brown.他的姓是布朗。

9.－What’s her first name?她的名字是什么—her first name is Linda.她的名字是琳达。U2 1.Is this your pencil?这是你的铅笔吗？—Yes, it is.是，它是。

2.Is that your dictionary?那是你的词典吗？---No, it isn’t.不，它不是。3.How do you spell eraser?你怎样拼写eraser? 4.Can you spell eraser?你能拼写eraser吗？ 5.in the lost and found case在失物招领箱里

6.call Alan at 495-3539给艾伦打电话495-3539 7.school id card校牌

8..a set of keys一串钥匙 U3 1.Is this your daughter?这是你的女儿吗？—yes, it is.是，它是。/No, it isn’t.不，它不是。2.Those are my two brothers.那些是我的两个兄弟。

3.Is she your aunt?她是你的姨母吗？—Yes, she is.是，她是。/No, she isn’t.不，她不是。4.family tree家谱

5.Thanks for the photo of your family.谢谢你的全家照。6.Here is a photo of my family.这儿是我的全家福。

7.This is my mother.这是我母亲。

8.a photo of your family=your family photo你的全家福 U4 1.Where is the backpack?背包在哪里？ —It’s under the table.它在桌子下面。2.Where are my books?我的书在哪里？ —They’re on the sofa.他们阿子沙发上。3.Where are his keys?他的钥匙在哪里？ —They’re on the dreer.他们在柜子上。4.Is it on the floor?它在地板上吗？ —No, it isn’t.不，它不在。

5.Sorry, I don’t know.对不起，我不知道。6.Are they in the drawer?他们在抽屉里吗？ —Yes, they are.是，他们在。

7.The CDs are in the drawer.激光唱片在抽屉里。

8.take these things to your sister 把这些东西带去给你姐姐 9.bring it to school把它带到学校来

U5 1.Do you have a ping-pong ball?你有乒乓球吗？ —Yes, Ii do.是，我有。/No, I don’t.不，我没有。2.I/we/you/they have a tennis racket.我/我们/你们/他们有网球拍。

3.I/We/You/They don’t have a tennis racket.我/我们/你们/他们没有网球拍。

4.Does he have a soccer ball?他有足球吗

—Yes, he does.是，他有。/No, he doesn’t.不，他没有。5.he/she/Tom has a soccer ball.他/她/tom有足球。

6.he/she/tom doesn’t have a soccer ball.他/她/汤姆有足球。7.Let’s play tennis/basketball.让我们打网球/篮球吧。8.That sounds good.那听起来真好。9.play sports做运动

10.watch them on TV通过电视看它们

11.have a great sports collection有大量的体育收集品 12.every day每天

13.five volleyballs五只排球 U6 1.Do they like pears?他们喜欢梨吗？

—Yes, they do.是，他们喜欢。/No, they don’t.不，他们不喜欢。2.They /I/We like hamburgers.他们/我/我们喜欢汉堡包。3.She likes ice cream.她喜欢冰淇淋

4.Does she like ice cream? 她喜欢冰淇淋吗？

—Yes, she does.是，她喜欢。/No, she doesn’t.不，她不喜欢。5.running star跑步明星

6.lots of=a lot of 许多

7.healthy food健康食品

9.What does he have for lunch?午餐他要吃什么？

---He has chicken, carrots and broccoli for lunch.午餐他要吃鸡肉，胡萝卜和花椰菜。10.What do you like for dinner?晚餐你喜欢吃什么？ —I like vegetables for dinner.晚餐我喜欢吃蔬菜。10.go on a picnic =have a picnic去野餐

11.make a list of food to buy列出需要购买的食物 12.ask questions问问题

13.answer questions回答问题

14.I also like strawberries.=i like strawberries, too.我也喜欢草莓。U7句型

1.How much is this t-shirt?=what’s the price of this t-shirt?-it’s seven dollars.这件t恤衫多少钱？－7美元。

2.How much are these socks?-they’re two dollars.这些短袜多少钱？－2美元。

3.Can Ii help you?=What can I do for you?=Is there anything Ii can do for you?我能帮你吗？ 4.I want/need a sweater.=I want to buy a sweater.我想（买）一件毛衣。5.I want to buy a pair of pants.我想买一条长裤。6.I’ll take it/them.我要买它（们）。

7.Here’s the money.给钱。

8.The price of the watch is low/high.手表的价格是低的/高的。9.The watch is cheap/expensive=dear.手表是便宜/昂贵的。10.We need to learn English well.我们必须学好英语。11.My watch needs mending.我的手表需要修理。12.Here is a pair of shoes.这儿有双鞋。13.Here are shoes.这儿是鞋子。

14.What color do you want?你要什么颜色？

15.We have great bags for only 18 yuan.我们有只售18元的大包。16.We sell pants for only 30 yuan.我们的长裤只卖30元。17.We have shirts in many colors.我们有许多种颜色的衬衫。18.Can Ii have a try？我可以试一试吗？

19.Can I try it/them on?我可以试穿它（们）吗？ 20.You’re welcome.不用谢。

21.What size do you want?你要多大尺码？-size l/m/s/40.大号/中号/小号/40号。22.That’s too expensive.那太贵了。how about 20 yuan？20 元怎么样？ 23.We each have 200 yuan.=each of us has 200 yuan.我们每人有200元。U7词组

a big red hat一顶大的红色的帽子

a short yellow t-shirt 一件短的黄色的t恤衫

price tag价格标签

come and buy your clothes来买你的衣服 an ad一则广告Huaxing’s = at Huaxing’s clothes store在华兴服装店

bags for sports运动包 at a very good price以非常优惠的价格

the girl in red穿红衣服的女孩

T-shirts in red =red T-shirts穿红色t恤衫

come and see for yourself亲自来看看

come to my store来我的店

come here来这儿

next to 隔壁 have a sale =on sale在廉售

take/make notes作笔记