动词第三人称单数词尾变化形式及读音_三单动词变化及读音

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动词第三人称单数词尾变化形式及读音由刀豆文库小编整理，希望给你工作、学习、生活带来方便，猜你可能喜欢“三单动词变化及读音”。

动词第三人称单数词尾变化形式及读音

动词第三人称单数词尾变化有三种形式。

(1)一般动词在词尾加-s，-s在清辅音后读／s／，在浊辅音或元音后读／z／ds读／dz／，ts读／ts／。如：

help→helps／helps／，know→knows／nuz／，get→gets／gets／，read→reads／ridz／

(2)以字母s，x，ch，sh或有些以o结尾的动词加-es，-es读／iz／。如：

gue→guees／'siz／，fix→fixes／'fiksiz／，teach→teaches／'titiz／，wash→washes／'wiz／

注意：go→goes／uz／，do→does／dz／

(3)以辅音字母+y结尾的动词，先变y为i，再加-es，-ies读／iz／。如：

carry→carries／'kriz／，fly→flies／flaiz／

注：在play→plays／pleiz／，say→says／sez／中，字母y前为元音字母，第三人称单数形式直接在动词后面加-s。(4)特殊词例外。如：

be→is，have→has

以不发音字母“e”结尾的开音节词，如果尾音是[s]，[z]时，加“s”后字母“e”发音，与所加“s”，一起读做[iz]。如：

close－closes [iz] 规则动词和不规则动词的过去式变化如下：

一般情况下，动词词尾加-ed，如：

work—worked piay—played want--wanted act--acted

以不发音的-e 结尾动词，动词词尾加-d，如：

live--lived move--moved decide--decided decline--declined hope--hoped judge—judged raise--raised wipe--wiped

以辅音字母 + y结尾的动词，把-y变为-i 再加-ed，如：

study--studied try--tried copy--copied justify--justified cry--cried carry--carried embody--embodied empty--emptied

以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词，双写词尾辅音字母，再加-ed，如： stop--stopped beg--begged fret--fretted drag--dragged

drop—dropped plan--planned dot--dotted drip--dripped

注：不规则动词的过去式变化规律性不强，须多加记忆。

go – went make – made get – got buy – bought come-came fly-flew

动词过去式,过去分词不规则变化

AB型

can--could

shall--should

will--would

may--might AAA型

cost cost cost

cut cut cut

hit hit hit hurt hurt hurt

let let let

must must must put put put

set set set

shut shut shut read read read

AAB型

beat beat beaten

ABA型

become became become

run ran run come came come

ABB型

bring

brought

buy

bought

bought think

thought

catch

caught

caught teach

taught

build

built

built lend

lent

send

sent

sent spend

spent

dig

dug

dug hang

hung

feel

felt

felt keep

kept

sleep

slept

slept sweep

swept

leave

left

left smell

smelt

spill

spilt

spilt lay

laid

pay

paid

paid say

said

sell

sold

sold tell

told

sit

sat

sat spit spat spat

stand

stood

stood understand

understood

learn

learnt

mean

meant

meant spoil

spoilt

win

won

make

made

find

found

ABC型

begin

began

begun

ring

rang

rung

sink

sank

sunk

blow

blew

blown

grow

grew

grown

throw

threw

thrown

show

showed

shown

choose

chose

chosen

freeze

froze

frozen

wake

woke

woken

eat

ate eaten

give

gave

given

ride

rode

ridden

take

took

taken

write

wrote

written

are

were

been

went

gone

see

saw

seen

易错型

show

showed

shown

fall

fell

fallen

hold

held

think

thought

take

took

taken

get

got

meet

met

hit

ring

rang

rung

eat

ate

eaten

lie

lay

lain

find

found

buy

bought

learn

learnt

shine

shone

shone have

had

had hear

heard

heard hold

held

drink

drank

drunk

sing

sang

sung swim

swam

swum fly

flew

flown

know

knew

known draw

drew

drawn

break

broke

broken

forget

forgot

forgotten

speak

spoke

spoken

drive

drove

driven

fall

fell

fallen

hide

hid

hidden

rise

rose

risen

mistake

mistook

mistaken

am,is

was

been

did

done

lie

lay

lain

wear

wore

worn

draw

drew

drawn

feel

felt

help

helped

thank

thanked

talk

talked

forget

forgot

forgotten

mean

meant

hide hid hidden

bring

brought

beat

beaten

lay

laid

found

founded

bring

brought

hear

heard

名词复数的规则变化

一般情况加-s

1.清辅音后，读/s/;map-maps

2.浊辅音和元音后，读 /z/;car-cars bag-bags

以s,sh,ch, x等结尾的词加-es 读 /iz/ bus-buses

watch-watches 以ce,se,ze, ge等结尾的词加-s 读 /iz/ license-licenses

以辅音字母+y结尾的词，变y 为i 再加es，读 /z/ baby---babies

名词复数的不规则变化

1）child---children

foot---feet

tooth---teeth

mouse---mice

man---men

woman---women

注意：与 man 和 woman构成的合成词，其复数形式也是-men 和-women。

如： an Englishman，two Englishmen.但German不是合成词，故复数形式为Germans；Bowman是姓，其复数是the Bowmans。

2）单复同形如：

deer，sheep，fish，Chinese，Japanese li，jin，yuan，two li，three mu，four jin

但除人民币元、角、分外，美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形式。如:

a dollar, two dollars;a meter, two meters

3）集体名词，以单数形式出现，但实为复数。

如： people，police，cattle 等本身就是复数，不能说 a people，a police，a cattle，但可以说 a person，a policeman，a head of cattle，the English，the British，the French，the Chinese，the Japanese，the Swi 等名词，表示国民总称时，作复数用。

如： The Chinese are industries and brave.中国人民是勤劳勇敢的。

4）以s结尾，仍为单数的名词，如：

a）maths，politics，physics等学科名词，为不可数名词，是单数。

b)news 是不可数名词。

c)the United States，the United Nations 应视为单数。

The United Nations was organized in 1945.联合国是1945年组建起来的。

d)以复数形式出现的书名，剧名，报纸，杂志名，也可视为单数。

“The Arabian Nights” is a very interesting story-book.>是一本非常有趣的故事书。

5)表示由两部分构成的东西，如：glaes(眼镜)，trousers，clothes

若表达具体数目，要借助数量词 pair(对，双)； suit(套)；

a pair of glaes； two pairs of trousers

6）另外还有一些名词，其复数形式有时可表示特别意思，如：goods货物，waters 水域，fishes（各种）鱼