定语从句讲解及练习_定语从句讲解及练习题

定语从句讲解及练习由刀豆文库小编整理，希望给你工作、学习、生活带来方便，猜你可能喜欢“定语从句讲解及练习题”。

定语从句用法小结

概念: 在复合句中，修饰一个名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句；被定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词；定语从句必须放在先行词之后；引导定语从句的词叫关联词。如：

关联词: 关系代词that，which，who，whom，whose和关系副词where，when，why等。关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中都充当一定的句法成份。关系代词在从句中充当动词的宾语时一般可以省略。

关系代词的选用比较复杂，受下列条件的制约：

(1)要看先行词是指人还是指物，(2)要看关系代词在从句中句法功能，(3)要看定语从句是限定性的还是非限定性的。

在定语从句中充当的成分

指人

指物

指人或指物

主语 who

which

that 宾语 whom which

that 谓语 whose whose(of which)

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that 只能用在限定性定语从句中，而who, whom, which既可用于限定性定语从句中，也可用于非限定性定语从句。

I know that he is a man who means what he says.I know that he is a man that means what he says.我知道他是一个守信用的人。

The gentleman whom she met addreed her with courtesy.The gentleman that she met addreed her with courtesy.她遇到的那位先生很有礼貌地向

她打了招呼。

The watch which was lost has been found.The watch that was lost has been found.丢了的表找到了。

Here is the material that you need.Here is the material you need.你要的材料在这儿了。

You are the only one whose advice he might listen to.他也就是听你的话吧。

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关系副词的选用: 如果先行词是表示时间的名词，如time, day 等，则用when, 如先行词为表示地点的名词，如place, house, area 等等，则选用where。如果先行词为reason 则选用why

I will never forget the mountain village where I spent my childhood.I will never forget the mountain village in which I spent my childhood.我永远也不会忘记我度过童年的那个小山村。

I don’t know the reason why he did that.I don’t know the reason for which he did that.我不知道他为什么这么做。

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当先行词是all, something, nothing 等不定代词时，或者先行词的前面有first, last, few 1 only, , much, some, any, no 等词修饰时，或者先行词的前面有最高级修饰时，一般只用that 而不用which 来引导定语从句：

I have explained everything that I can to you.我已经尽一切可能把事情向你解释得一清二楚。

That’s all that I know.我知道的就是这些。

Can you tell me something that you know? 你能把你知道的一些情况告诉我吗？ There is nothing that I cannot tell you.我没有什么不能告诉你的事情。

The first thing that we should do is to work out a plan.我们应该做的头一件事就是订一个计划。

The last place that we visited was the farm.我们最后参观的地方是农场。

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还有一种定语从句，它的结构是：the same … as… , such … as

这里的as 可以指人或物，且引导的是限定性定语从句：

Such furniture as is very popular is expensive.一种很受欢迎的家具价钱昂贵。

We have succefully done the same experiment as you did.你做过的那个试验我们已经成功地做完了。

It wasn’t such a computer as the advertisement had promised.这种电脑可不是广告中说的那种电脑。

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限定性定语从句与主句关系密切，为句中不可缺少的部分，如去掉，则主句意思不完整。而非限定性定语从句与主句关系松散，如果去掉了，主句内容仍然完整。在书面语中非限定性定语从句一般用逗号隔开。非限定性定语从句一般不用that 引导。引导非限定性定语从句的关系词不可省略。

His speech, which bored everyone, went on and on.他的讲话没完没了，真让人烦。

The general’s daughter, whose name is Jane, gave me a sweet smile.将军的女儿名叫珍妮。她冲我笑了笑，笑得好甜啊。

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非限定性定语从句中，先行词也可以是整个句子，一般用which 或as 来引导定语从句；which在从句中可充当主语、宾语等，而as 在从句中一般只充当主语；which 与as 引导这类定语从句的区别在于：which 只能放在句子当中或句子末尾，而as 的位置比较灵活，可以放在句子当中、句子末尾，也可以放在句首。

As is known to all, too much stre can cause disease.Too much stre can cause disease, as is known to all.Too much stre can cause disease, which is known to all.众所周知，压力太大了，人会得病的。

Water consists of hydrogen and oxygen, which is known to all.Water consists of hydrogen and oxygen, as is known to all.众所周知，水是由氢和氧组成的。

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关系代词在定语从句中有时也作介词的宾语。如果介词被置于关系代词前，一般只用介词加which 或介词加whom，而不用介词加that来引导定语从句。如果介词被置于从句句末，则可以使用that来代替which或whom，这时的that可以省略。

This is the ring on which she spent 1,000 dollars.这就是她花了一千美元买的那枚戒指。

One of my students whom you are familiar with will come.将要来的那个学生你也认识。1.In an hour, we can travel to places __________ would have taken our ancestors days to reach.A.where B.when C.which D.what 2.His movie won several awards at the film festival, __________ was beyond his wildest dream.A.which B.that C.where D.it 3.We went through a period __________ communications were very difficult in the rural areas.A.which B.whose C.in which D.with which 4.Mozart’s birthplace and the house __________ he composed “The Magic Flute” are both museums now.A.where B.when C.there D.which 5.Wind power is an ancient source of energy __________ we may return in the near future.A.on which B.by which C.to which D.from which 6.Children who are not active or __________ diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly.A.what B.where C.what D.that 7.As a child, Jack studied in a village school, __________ is named after his grandfather.A.which B.where C.what D.that 8.I refuse to accept the blame for something __________ was someone else’s fault.A.who B.that C.as D.what 9.The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people, many of __________ left their village homes for a better life in the city.A.whom B.which C.them D.those 10.The girl arranged to have piano leons at the training centre with her sister __________ she would stay for an hour.A.where B.who C.which D.what 11.The newly-built cafe, the walls of __________ are painted light green, is really a peaceful place for us, especially after hard work.A.that B.it C.what D.which

12.I’ve become good friends with several of the students in my school __________ I met in the English speech contest last year.A.who B.where C.when D.which 13.— What do you think of teaching, Bob?

— I find it fun and challenging.It is a job __________ you are doing something serious but interesting.A.where B.which C.when D.that 14.It’s helpful to put children in a situation __________ they can see themselves differently.A.that B.when C.which D.where 15.Because of the financial crisis, days are gone __________ local 5-star hotels charged 6,000 yuan for one night.A.if B.when C.which D.since 16.Gun control is a subject __________ Americans have argued for a long time.A.of which B.with which C.about which D.into which 17.I have reached a point in my life __________ I am supposed to make decisions of my own.A.which B.where C.how D.why 18.The man pulled out a gold watch, __________ were made of small diamonds.A.the hands of whom B.whom the hands of C.which the hands of D.the hands of which 19.Later in this chapter cases will be introduced to readers __________ consumer complaints have resulted in changes in the law.A.where B.when C.who D.which 20.It is reported that two schools, __________ are being built in my hometown, will open next year.A.they both B.which both C.both of them D.both of which 4