嫦娥三号_嫦娥三号阅读答案
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China launched the Chang'e-3 lunar probe with the country's first moon rover aboard early on Monday, marking a significant step toward deep space exploration.The probe's carrier, an enhanced Long March-3B rocket, blasted off from the Xichang Satellite Launch Center in southwest China at 1:30 a.m.Chang'e-3 is expected to land on the moon in mid-December to become China's first spacecraft to soft land on the surface of an extraterrestrial body.It is also the first moon lander launched in the 21st century.The probe entered the earth-moon transfer orbit as scheduled, with a perigee of 200 kilometers and apogee of 380,000 kilometers.“The probe has already entered the designated orbit,” said Zhang Zhenzhong, director of the launch center in Xichang.“I now announce the launch was succeful.”
“We will strive for our space dream as part of the Chinese dream of national rejuvenation,” he said.Amid efforts to promote lunar probe campaign among the public, the Chinese Academy of Sciences opened a microblog account for the Chang'e-3 miion, attracting more than 260,000 fans who continuously posted congratulatory comments.The probe's soft-landing is the most difficult task during the miion, said Wu Weiren, the lunar program's chief designer.“This will be a breakthrough for China to realize zero-distance observation and survey on the moon.”
More than 80 percent of technologies and products of the miion are newly developed, he said.The Chang'e-3 will lay a solid foundation for manned lunar orbit miion and manned lunar landing.China has not revealed the roadmap for its manned miion to land on the moon.So far, only the United States and the former Soviet Union have soft landed on the moon.Chang'e-3, comprising a lander and a moon rover called “Yutu”(Jade Rabbit), presents a modern scientific version of an ancient Chinese myth that a lady called Chang'e, after swallowing magic pills, took her pet “Yutu” to fly toward the moon, where she became a godde, and has been living there with the white rabbit ever since.Tasks for the moon rover include surveying the moon's geological structure and surface substances, while looking for natural resources.A telescope will be set up on the moon, for the first time in human history, to observe the plasmasphere over the Earth and survey the moon surface through radar.The lunar probe miion is of great scientific and economic significance, said Sun Zezhou, chief designer of the lunar probe.The miion has contributed to the development of a number of space technologies and some of them can be applied in civilian sector, he said.Chang'e-3 is part of the second phase of China's lunar program, which includes orbiting, landing and returning to the Earth.It follows the succe of the Chang'e-1 and Chang'e-2 miions in 2007 and 2010.After orbiting for 494 days and intentionally crashing onto the lunar surface, Chang'e-1 sent back 1.37 terabytes of data, producing China's first complete moon picture.Launched on October 1, 2010, Chang'e-2 verified some crucial technologies for Chang'e-3 and reconnoitered the landing area.It also made the world's first lunar holographic image with a resolution of 7 meters.Currently, Chang'e-2 is more than 60 million km away from the Earth and has become China's first man-made asteroid.It is heading for deep space and is expected to travel as far as 300 million km from the Earth, the longest voyage of any Chinese spacecraft.China is likely to realize the third step of its lunar program in 2017, which is to land a lunar probe on moon, release a moon rover and return the probe to the Earth.The moon is considered the first step to explore a further extraterrestrial body, such as the Mars.If succeful, the Chang'e-3 miion will mean China has the ability of in-situ exploration on an extraterrestrial body, said Sun Huixian, deputy engineer-in-chief in charge of the second phase of China's lunar program.“China's space exploration will not stop at the moon,” he said.“Our target is deep space.”
China sent its first astronaut into space in 2003, becoming the third country after Ruia and the United States to achieve independent manned space travel.Despite fast progre of the lunar miion, China is still a newcomer in this field.The former Soviet Union first landed its probe on the moon on January 31, 1966, while the United States first sent human beings to the moon in 1969.About a day before the launch of Chang'e-3, India's maiden Mars orbiter, named Mangalyaan, left the Earth early on Sunday for a 300-day journey to the Red Planet.Chinese space scientists are looking forward to cooperation with other countries, including the country's close neighbor India.Li Benzheng, deputy commander-in-chief of China's lunar program, told media earlier that China's space exploration does not aim at competition.“We are open in our lunar program, and cooperation from other countries is welcome,” he said.“We hope to explore and use space for more resources to promote human development.”
新闻简讯：
北京时间12月2日凌晨，中国在西昌卫星发射中心成功将肩负首次登月任务的探测器嫦娥三号送入轨道。
由着陆器和“玉兔”号月球车组成的嫦娥三号预计将于12月中旬在月球虹湾区软着陆。之后，月球车将驶离着陆器，在月面进行3个月的科学勘测，着陆器则在着陆地点进行原地探测。
许多中国人通过电视和网络直播观看了这次发射。1点30分，搭载嫦娥三号的长征三号乙改进型火箭准时升空。约50分钟后，西昌卫星发射中心主任张振中宣布发射取得成功。
作为21世纪人类发射的首个月球软着陆探测器，嫦娥三号有望成为中国首个在地外天体实现软着陆和月面巡视勘察的航天器。如果成功，中国将成为继苏美之后第三个有能力独立自主实施月球软着陆的国家。
中国探月工程总设计师吴伟仁说，在月球实现软着陆是嫦娥三号探月任务中最难的一环。
嫦娥三号80%以上的技术和产品为全新研发。“从工程和科学目标上讲，这都是一个跨越式的发展。我们将实现对月球的零距离观察和零距离科学探测。”吴伟仁说。
嫦娥三号还将在月球上开展一系列科学实验，包括利用月基光学望远镜进行天文观测、利用极紫外相机对地球等离子体层进行观测、利用测月雷达对巡视路线上的月壳浅层结构厚度等进行剖面式观测等。
嫦娥三号是中国探月工程“绕、落、回”三步走的第二步，也是承前启后的关键一步。中国有望在2017年迈出第三步——“回”，就是要在探测器落月后，释放月球车取样并返回地球。
这将为载人绕月飞行和实施载人登月计划打下坚实基础。中国目前尚未公布载人登月计划的路线图。
探索月球具有重大科学价值和经济价值。探测器总设计师孙泽洲说，探月工程的许多新技术和新装备在未来可以在民用领域得到应用。嫦娥三号任务对许多相关航天技术起到了“牵引和带动”的作用。
此外，月球可作为人类深空探测、飞向其他星体的起点，它自身也是一个能源资源库。
尽管中国的探月工程在过去10年取得了重大突破，但中国的探月水平仍与美俄等航天大国有一定距离。
世界上第一个在月球上成功实现软着陆的月球探测器是苏联在1966年发射的月球9号。美国是迄今为止唯一实现载人登月的国家。1969年，美国宇航员阿姆斯特朗在月球上迈出了“人类的一大步。”
步入新世纪，欧盟和日本、印度等区域一体化组织和国家都在开展各自的探月活动。
中国始终主张和平利用太空。探月工程副总指挥李本正日前表示，中国进行航天活动不是为了搞竞赛。他说，中国的探月工程是开放的，欢迎各国参与合作。
