专八改错讲解_专八改错重点讲解

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专八改错讲解

改错文章统计分析

1.内容: 人文类学术书籍或期刊杂志（历史政治语言教育），特别是语言类为主 2.篇幅: 200词左右

3.结构: 一般是总分结构 1）总:文章主题一般在首句 2）分:两条线索—对立和顺承

改错答案统计分析

1.从错词词类上看，分布比较均匀，英语八大词类中均有涉及，具体来说： 每年涉及至少5种词类的修改； 动词每年有一个；

形容词副词每年有一个； 冠词代词每年有一个

2.从修改方法上看，每年10道改错题呈6，7---1，2---1，2的分值分布，即，修改单词6-7个，增加单词1-2个，删除单词1-2个

一、考查什么？ 重点在于语言的运用 1.语法知识

冠词、介词、代词、情态动词、形容词与副词 非谓语动词（v-ing, v-ed）定语从句 虚拟语气

2.词汇与搭配

各类词性 + 词汇搭配与用法；灵活运用 outer space

vs.out space

perform an act

vs.make an act

Posture vs.post

get to their feet

vs.get on their feet In average

vs.on average

3.篇章结构

改错旨在测试在具体语境或上下文中使用语法或词汇的能力（esp句子之间的逻辑关系）具体语境或上下文：一篇200字左右的短文 10个左右、意义上相关联的句子

→ 跳出单句的框架，从语段（表达一相关层次意思的句子组合）的角度来进行判断 句内错误 + 句间错误（尤其是表逻辑关系的连词）

二、常见错误类型： 1.短语搭配错误 2.易混词错误 3.逻辑关系错误

4.代词错误（一致错误）5.冠词错误

6.形容词和副词使用错误 7.成分残缺或冗余 8.动词时态或语态错误

1.短语搭配错误（esp介词错误）to let alone in return to the need of

substitute A with B account 70% under the grounds of/that attitude on life in a quick speed with many respects at the face of

considerations to…

become victims of … ride in a train resistive against resistance of embark sth in line to take pride of shed light to sth in proportion with be contrasted to modern time

ability of(doing)sth at the first place

be succeful on doing approach to do …

on one’s 30s differ A from B vary by

2.易混词错误(1)形近异义词

imaginative – imaginary

adapt – adopt confirm – conform

former – formal diary – dairy

personal – personnel beside – besides

principal – principle conscious – conscientious

stationary – stationery considerate – considerable

affect – effect contact – contract

moral – morale industrious – industrial

desert – deert require – acquire – inquire

sensible – sensitive transformation – transmiion

tense – tension cooker – cook

complexity – complex insurance – aurance

provide – provided/providing perceive – conceive

(2)形近(形异)近义词

latter – later

late – latest farther – further

effective – efficient respectable – respectful

historic – historical rise – arise – raise – arouse sure – insure – ensure – aure producing – productive lonely – alone

acro – cro impreed--impreive

memorizing – memorable normal– norm

favorite – favorable acceptability – acceptance

economical – economic(a)few –(a)little

invent – discover before – ago

another – other

reward– award

(3)兼有两种形式的副词

firstly – first

hardly– hard

late – lately high– highly

widedeeply

clear(完全地、径直地)– clearly(显然、清楚地)

(4)反义词

with – without

poible – impoible

subjective – objective import – export

better – worse

employee – employer employment – unemployment

modifiable – unmodifiable natural – unnatural

discernable – indiscernable lend – borrow

exclusive – inclusive independency – dependency

willing – unwilling nothing more than – nothing le than agree – disagree

le – more(still more– still le)most – least

known – unknown

respective – irrespective

majority – minority result in – result from

fortunately--unfortunately powerful – powerle

easine – uneasine profeional – amateur

aware – unaware include – exclude

(5)名词单复数异义

moral – morals

watersands manner– manners

woodpapers

saving – savings

timebacteria

mediumcriteria

(6)易混短语

live with – live by

tend to – intend to next week – the next week

spend… in doing sth – spend… on sth die of – die from

rather than – other than have sb do sth – have sth done

take on– go on take place – take the place of

consist in – consist of in all – after all

in return – in turn one reason for +短语 – one reason why +句子 bring out– bring up

apply… to– apply for

3.逻辑关系错误（连词使用错误）

therefore – neverthele/however(大部分therefore都要改为however,反之亦然)and – but / while

or – and

after – before since – although

there is no…– there is also… that – if

from now on – from then on all – none

if – unle

besides – except therefore – because

so – because so does he… – neither/nor does he… as if – even if

whether – if That’s why +结果 – that’s because +原因

4.代词错误（一致错误）

their – its

that – those

which – what which – that(有些情况下关系代词只能用that)it – itself(主宾相同，宾语用反身代词)that/this – it(只有it可作形式主语)his – one’s(泛指时用one)

you – yourself it – they

this – such XX is le sophisticated than what they are today – XX is le sophisticated than they are today

5.冠词错误(1)定冠词多余

on the either side –> on either side in the Europe –> in Europe in the winter –> in winter

Kaufman, the/an author of a recent book – Kaufman, author of a recent book(同位语间完全对等关系，不必使用冠词)take the iue –> take iue(对…持异议，不同意)

(2)定冠词缺漏

among most –> among the most one of first –> one of the first atmosphere –> the atmosphere(独一无二的事物，如：the world, the Equator, the Outerspace）between us and rest –> between us and the rest in minority –> in the minority play piano –> play the piano(西洋乐器的前面要有定冠词)English language –> the English language at heart of –> at the heart of in long run –> in the long run

注意以下短语的区别（抽象 vs.具体）in church – in the church at college – at the college in court – in the court in hospital – in the hospital in office – in the office in prison – in the prison at sea – at the sea in school – in the school at table – at the table

6.形容词与副词使用错误

be well equipped as –> be as well equipped as heavy industrialized –> heavily-industrialized keep the number constantly –> keep number constant feel hopele thwarted –> feel hopelely thwarted comparative high proportion –> comparatively high proportion(quakes)start deeply in the earth –> start deep in the earth in the paed 5 years –> in the past 5 years culture embedded attitudes –> culturally embedded attitudes from one meter afar –> from one meter away increasing –> increasingly

simple –> simply

7.成分残缺或多余(单复数错误)a world which I could get… –> a world in which I could get…

shows –> that shows(先行词在定语从句中作主语，关系代词不可省略)take for granted that –> take it for grated that 1980 –1980s

one of the most glaring form –> one of the mist glaring forms work sth –> work out sth

believe in –believe

point sth –> point out sthpercents –> 20 percent eyes contact –> eye contact

seven – seventh the proce which it function –> the proce by which it function communication service –> communications service(通信服务、通讯服务)average incomes –> average income the like of –> the likes of

be referred to XX –> be referred to as XX be viewed as work of art –> be viewed as a work of art

8.时态或语态错误

went – go

agreeing – agreed consisted – consisting

bored – boring favoring – favored

if she was –> if she were(非真实条件句)involves – involving

will – would(虚拟语气中)delaying – delayed(已完成概念或者被动概念)the promise of improving quality of life –> the promise of improved quality of life aure – aures(第三人称单数)have – has(要看清句子真正的主语)developing – developed the least understanding –> the least understood what they have told – what they have been told if circumstances become favorable – if circumstances should become favorable

总结： 1.步骤：

做一定数量的改错练习 → 看以上的总结以及例子 → 再做题 → 掌握改错规律，识别出更多的错误并将其改正，形成自己的做题方法

2.语法、词汇错误 vs.语篇错误

 掌握语法词汇+ 文章理解（通读全文，再一行一行去识别错误所在，尤其隐蔽的语篇错误。

 不要一上来就开始找错误，也不要边找错边读文章，不然只能找到一些词汇错误，但做完后不知所云，找不到语篇错误。