uint1 language points_Language

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Unit1

introductionn.介绍，入门指导

1.a letter of introduction 介绍信 make an introduction of sth./sb.to sb.eg.He was shaking her hand before I could finish the introduction.introducevt.（与to连用）介绍；（与into / to连用）采用，引进 introduce oneselfintroduce sb.to sb.introduce … into / to …把…引入/插入… eg.Coffee was introduced into England from Europe.咖啡是从欧洲大陆传入英国的。eg.New Paris fashions are introduced into Shanghai every year.巴黎的新流行式样每年都被引进上海。profeional

n.专业人员[C]

adj.专业的，职业的opp.Amateurn.业余爱好者，业余艺术家，外行adj.业余的，非职业的 profeional knowledge专业知识

a profeional baseball player 职业棒球选手

profeion

n.专业，职业（尤指受过专门训练的，如律师、教师、建筑师等）

eg.Teaching is a profeion.教书是一种职业。他的职业是律师。

2.institutionn.机构

medical institution 医疗机构

educational institution教育机构

3.gain v.获得，取得；赚得(= get;acquire;obtain)；

（钟表）走快得到很多东西；体重增加

eg.This clock gains a minute a day.这个钟每天快1分钟。

4.impactn.影响，作用

have / make a great(strong, full, serious)impact on …

对....有重要/严重影响

5.organn.器官 眼睛是视觉器官。肝脏是一个器官，心脏也是。

organicadj.器官的，有机的6.patientn.病人，患者

adj.忍耐的, 耐心的opp.impatient

patience n.忍耐，耐性

7.file n.文件(夹)；档案，卷宗

v.归档 file away sth

eg.She filed away all her letters carefully.她把她所有的信件仔细归档。

8.traditionallyadv.传统上

traditionaladj.传统的, 惯例的traditional Chinese medicine 中药

traditionn.传统, 惯例保持优良传统

9.fashionn.时装；时尚

be in fashion

be out of fashion

come into / go out of fashion 流行起来/渐渐过时

10.stylen.款式，流行样式；文体风格

in / out of style 时尚的/不时尚的a building in European style 欧式建筑

style of writing 文风

[Cf.]fashion style都含“时尚”, “式样”的意思。

fashion 系一般用语, 指“一时或某一团体中流行的习尚”, 如:

style 常用来代替fashion, 但主要指“”, 如:

That dre is such a good style it will be fashionable for years.这衣服的样式如此雅致, 一定会流行好几年。

11.trendn.时髦，时尚；趋势

follow(the)trend 赶时髦

upward [downward] price trend 价格趋涨[落]

eg.The current trend is towards informal clothing.目前的趋势是穿着随便。

n.趋势, 倾向

The rise in violent crime is a disturbing new trend.暴力犯罪的上升是一种令人担忧的新趋势。

Can anything be done to reverse this trend?有什么办法扭转这种倾向吗?

流行

The trend at the moment is towards a more natural and le made-up look.Language points

当主句是将来时态；从句如果在含义上表示将来，则必须用一般现在时

grown-upadj.长大的n.成人（pl.）grown-ups

1.take up

1).开始从事（某职业）

2).开始从事（某项活动）；对…产生兴趣

eg.take up gardening / golf / acting, etc.从事园艺，高尔夫球，表演等

3).占用（时间或空间）

eg.The job took up most of the weekend.这个工作占用了大半个周末。

eg.It doesn’t 它不占太大的空间。

3.occupation

n.[C.] [U.]职业；

[U.]占有

under the occupation of 由……占领

by occupation 职业上他的职业为内科医生。

[误：His occupation is a surgeon.]

[Cf.] occupation/job/career/profeion/work

occupation, job, career, profeion 是可数名词;work 是不可数名词.occupation 是正式用语，常在填表格时使用；

job

career指终生从事的职业，即一生的事业；

profeion

work是普通用语，常指有报酬的工作。

out of a job=out of work 失业的on the job 正在工作

occupyv.占领;占据, 充满

4.various

adj.各种各样的,种类繁多的variety

n.变化, 多样性,种类

a variety of = various

vary

v.呈现不同;变动

for various reasons.由于种种原因

eg.Prices vary with the reason.物价随着季节变化而变化．

5.society

n.[U.]社会；

[C.]社团，协会

in society 在社会上

a music society 音乐协会

behave ourselves in society.在社会上为人处世。

socialadj.社会的social practice 社会实践

6.be made up of由．．．组成= be composed of consist of

be made of / be made from 用…制成…

(of 不改变材料的原来性质和形状；from改变)

eg.This desk is made up of stone.Cake is made from flour, eggs and sugar.7.follow

v.跟随；随之而来；

沿...而行；

听从；

明白 我们沿着这条路走到了小山顶。你会听从我的忠告吗？

eg.Do you follow me? 你听懂我的话了吗?

as follows 如下

The results are as follows...结果如下…

following

adj.下列的, 其次的on the following day(=on the day following)

表示“获得知识”，常见的搭配有gain/obtain/get/acquire knowledge，不能用learn knowledge。

还有表示“扩大知识面”的动词，如broaden, enrich, widen, extend, improve, deepen等。

另外，knowledge作“知识”讲时是不可数名词，但作“了解”讲时，前面可加“a”，常用于词组have a knowledge of中。

8.involvev.牵涉，包含，需要

eg.Don’t involve me in your trouble.别把我牵扯进你们的麻烦中。

eg.His work involves busine trips.他的工作需要出差。

The job of a secretary often involves writing letters, answering telephone calls, and receiving people.be/get involved in 参与，忙于，专心地(做)；；被卷入/陷入

eg.He was involved in 他专心致志地做作业。

9.such as诸如；像…这样，诸如…之类像他这样的人将来会成为有用之才。

Teachers are involved in many tasks, such as explaining leons and

动名词是非谓语的一种，基本构成形式为“动词原形+ing”(与现在分词同形)。

动名词具有名词的特征，因此可以充当主语、宾语、表语或者定语。

在课文的这个句子当中，动名词explaining, giving, correcting充当介词短语such as的宾语。

A large number of young people enjoy following trends.10.at the end of

在…末端（指时间或空间）

eg.They

in the end 最后，终于

by the end of …到…结束为止

The bridge will have been completed by the end of this year.11.operatev.操作，动手术

operate a machine开机器 操作机器

operate a factory开工厂

eg.The doctors operated on her stomach.医生给她的胃动了手术。

operationn.操作，行动，手术

eg.I had an operation on my heart.我接受过心脏手术。

12.no longer

= not… any longer不再．．．

eg.He no longer lives here.= He doesn’t live here any longer.[Cf.] no longer “不再”,no more(=not…any more)“不再”,表示数量或程度,修饰非持续性动词。

13.mean

v.（meant, meant）意味着；意思是；打算，企图

eg.The high cost of housing means that many young people can’t afford to buy a house.[Cf.]mean to do

“打算去做某事”主人故意要做

mean doing sth

“意味着某事”主事

eg.Losing a bus in London means waiting for another hour.14.order

v.订购，点菜；命令，嘱咐

n.订购，订单；命令；顺序；目的eg.The doctor ordered me to rest for a week or two.in good order 有条不紊, 整齐;情况正常

out of order 次序紊乱；(机器等)失灵;出故障

in order to 为了/ 以便(做某事)

keep order 维持秩序

13.latest

adj.最新的, 最近的；

(late的最高级)最后的, 最迟的the latest 最新的事物

at(the)latest 最迟，最晚

Please come here at nine o’clock at(the)latest.16.work out

1)解决；计算出work out a maths problem 解出一道数学题

2）制定；(周密地)想出work out a plan 制订计划

17.audience[U]n.听众；观众 三千名听众挤满了音乐大厅。

a large audience 大量观众/听众

eg.His music has a large audience.seem

1.2.3.4.5.6.意指“看起来（像是……），似乎，好像……”，不能用进行时态。(1)seem +(to be)形容词或名词(2)seem + to do(3)It seems/seemed +(to sb.)+ that从句(4)There seems/seemed +(to be)+ 名词，意思是“似乎有……” There seems(to be)no trouble There seems to be nobody in the room(5)It seems as if/as though从句，意思是“看样子似乎是……”It seemed as if he had known the truth.18.elderly adj.过了中年的, 稍老的 the elderly 年纪大的人；老人（the + adj.表示一类人）19.a number of许多的；若干的1）a number of 之后接可数名词的复数形式，且整个短语看作是复数 2）a great, large, good, small, number ofa certain number of 一些 the number of……的数目(后接可数名词的复数形式，且整个短语看作是单数)20.be dreed穿，戴 be dreed in white dre oneselfKey sentences When a person grows up, he will take up different occupations in various work places.当一个人长大成人后，他将在各种各样的工作场所从事不同的工作。A society is thus made up of people from all walks of life.这样，各行各业的人们就组成了社会。Often their impact on students stays all through their lives.他们的言行往往对学生的一生都会产生影响。（他们的影响常常会贯穿学生的一生。）The skills of a surgeon sometimes mean the difference between life and death.外科医生的医术有时决定着病人的生死。As a link between the bo and the visitors;a secretary also helps the bo work out plans and timetables.作为老板和客户的中间联系人，秘书还帮助老板制定计划和安排时间表。Would you like to be one of the people introduced here?你想成为这儿所介绍的人们中的一员吗？