工业工程专业英语重点句子汇总(一到七章)_工业工程专业英语知识

工业工程专业英语重点句子汇总(一到七章)由刀豆文库小编整理，希望给你工作、学习、生活带来方便，猜你可能喜欢“工业工程专业英语知识”。

工业工程英语重点句子汇总

第一节 对工业工程的认识 Industrial Engineering Education for the 21st Century

21世纪的工业工程教育

IEs should play a crucial role in preparing organizations for the 21st century through their roles as change initiators and facilitators.Improvements are needed in IE undergraduate education if that role is to be succefully carried out.工业工程师为21世纪在正在准备的组织工程中扮演了一个至关重要的角色，他们的角色是作为创始者和促进者。如果这个角色成功执行的话，在工业工程本科教育过程中，改进是必须的。

Undergraduate education is the foundation for profeion practice.Undergraduate program are the basis for entry into graduate school;and other profeional fields.To facilitate this transition, urgent improvements are needed in education strategies.本科教育是专业实践的基础，本科教育的课程是进入研究院和其它专业领域的基础。为了促进这个转变，在教育策略方面作以紧迫改进是必须的。

Existing models of total quality management(TQM)and continuous proce improvement(CPI)can be adopted for curriculum improvement.However, because of the unique nature of academia.re-definition of TQM will be neceary so that the approach will be compatible with the academic proce.现有的全面质量管理和持续程序改进模式可以纳入课程改革。但是，由于学术界的独特性，重新定义全面质量是必要的，这与理论的进程是一致的。

Students must understand the way the world around them works and be capable of becoming responsible contributors to the society.Interdisciplinary education offers a more holistic approach to achieving this goal.学生们必须了解他们周围世界是怎样的，并且有能力成为一个对社会有贡献的人。跨学科教育为达到这一目的提供了更全面的方法。

Students go through courses in operations research, manufacturing, human factors and so on without understanding the interrelationships between these areas and the synergistic impact this integrated approach has on man-machine systems.学生学习了运筹学，机械设计，人因学等课程，但是并没有深入理解这些领域在人机体系中集成方法的内在联系以及相互影响。

Many young graduates mistakenly perceive their expected roles as being part of the management personnel, having little or no direct aociation with shop-floor activities.Such views impede hand-on experience and prevent the identification of root causes of industrial problems.许多年轻的毕业生错误地把他们未来的角色看作是管理人员，很少或者根本没有把自己与车间活动联系在一起。这种观点阻碍了他们传承实践经验，并且妨碍了他们对工程问题出现的根本原因的发现。

Profeionalmorality and responsibility should be introduced early to IE students.Leons on ethics should be incorporated into improvement approaches.IE graduates should be familiar with engineering code of ethics so that they can uphold and advance the integrity, honor and dignity of their profeions by:

 Using their knowledge and skill for the enhancement of human welfare:





 Being honest, loyal, and impartial in serving the public, their employers and clients: Striving to increase the competence and prestige of their profeions: Supporting the profeional and technical societies of their disciplines.第二节 工业工程的真正价值 real IE value

“If a person loses slight of the total job and stars looking at the individual pieces, it comes out a little hairy.”

“如果一个人不能对整项工作做全面把握而只是将注意力放在个别的方面，那么结果就不会令人满意。”

Former IE departments have been decentralized or renamed and are now described using such terms as Quality Improvement Engineering, Management Service or Engineering Service, just to name a few.从前的工业工程部已经被分解或者重新命名。现在他们已经部分成为质量改善工程，质量服务或者工程服务，仅是名字多一点。

What appears to be a problem is the perceived gap between what types of students academia is providing compared with the types of students industry seeks.出现的问题是所提供的专业学生类型和工业界所需要人才之间的理解误差.Students are required to take a broad range of IE course to help them understand the principles of IE and provide a solid academic foundation.学生只需要学习在校期间工程的科目,足以帮他们了解工业工程的准则和固定的基础学术知识就可以了.What industry leaders to expect, however, are students who have the ability to operate in the environment in which they are placed.These areas where there appears to be a deficiency include interpersonal skills, knowledge of computers, nontechnical/busine skills, quality management skills, and an appreciation for the plant floor.Depending upon what industry the new graduate is placed, the need for certain skills will vary.工业领导人所期望的使学生有能力在他们所处的环境中进行操作.这些有缺陷的领域包括交际能力,计算机知识,商业技能,质量管理技能和尊重高层领导人员.对于不同岗位的毕业生有不同的要求,所以对于技能的要求也是不同的.Most IEs eventually must sell their ideas and plans to management, which often requires above-average communication skills.For many IE graduates, this is a tough challenge.其它许多工业工程师都使用多门交流技巧,要推销自己的想法和计划给管理部门.可这对于工业工程的毕业生来说是个很大的挑战.Two areas that may be of special importance to IEs in the coming years include information technology(IT)and busine proce redesign.As IT continues to evolve, technological advancements will have a big impact on how companies look at busine procees of the next decade.Working together, IT and BPR has the potential to create a new type of industrial engineering, changing the way the discipline is practiced and the skills neceary to practice it.信息技术和业务流程再造这两个领域未来对工业工程师们特别重要。随着信息技术的发展，先进的技术将影响企业在下个世纪的商业进程。信息技术和业务流程再造的联合操作有创造一个新型的工业工程的潜力。它将改变实用的准则和实际操作的技能。

IEs must take the proactive approach and position themselves as leaders of changes occurring in all sectors of industry.In fact, IEs must create the changes.Says Zollenberg, “I think we have to step up to the front and take a leadership role, rather than just sit back and wait for somebody to ask us to do a study.”

工业工程师们必须采取主动并把自己作为所有工业变化的领导者，事实上也就是实施者。周仑.贝格说：“我认为我们有必要作为领导人走在前列，而不是静坐等着别人来要求我们去工作。”

第三节 运筹学 operations research Operations research as defined by the Operations Research Society of America, “is concerned with scientifically deciding how to best design and operate man-machine systems, usually under conditions requiring the allocation of scarce resources.” Important to the field is the development, testing, and use of models to predict various outcomes under differing conditions or to optimize the outcome for a given condition.This gives decision makers the ability either to choose the “best” outcome or to enhance the likelihood of a given set of desired outcomes.The application of quantitative methods is also very important.美国运筹学学会将运筹学定义为：在需要对紧缺资源进行分配的前提下决定如何最好的设计和运作人-机系统的决策科学。这个领域的重点是发展，检测和应用模型去预测在不同条件下的各种结果，或者优化给定条件下的结果。决策者应有的能力是：要么选择最优结果，要么增大一系列给定结果中的好的结果的可能性。定量方法的应用也是非常重要的。

Optimization—determining how to get an objective function or performance index to its maximum within the limits of available resources and technology—is a fundamental goal of decision making and, moreover, an important tool in engineering design.For more than three decades, research in optimization—a considerable fraction of which has been funded by the STOR program of NSF—has been active and fruitful, with payoffs accumulating through a multitude of application.最优化—决定如何得到一个目标函数或性能指标以使得在有限的资源和技术有限的条件下达到它的最大值—是决策的基本目标，并且除此之外，它还是在工程设计方面重要的工具。三十多年来，最优化方面的研究—它的很多方面的研究已经被NSF的STOR计划资助—已经通过大量的实践积累产生了作用并取得累累硕果。(此处因为画的重点不同，这一段全部整理上了，个人根据需要，自己选择复习吧)

The primary objective shared by OR and artificial intelligence（AI）is to provide methods and Procedures that support effective problem solving and decision making.The two disciplines approach this common in fundamentally different but complementary ways：AI problem solving techniques tend to be inferential and to rely on expert knowledge and heuristics: OR uses algorithmic, mathematically based approaches.Artificial intelligence emphasizes qualitative aspects of problems；OR emphasizes the quantitative.A careful integration of these two approaches to problem solving shows significant promise for improving the capability and，notably，the acceptability of problem solving systems。

第三节 基于作业测量的劳动标准work-measured labor standards

Basically，you need to formalize your labor times, and your labor costs.If your standardlabor times are realistic, your costing is more accurate, and your delivery times are also more accurate.Let’s be realistic about it.There is no such thing as an “accurate” labor standard time.Human workers come in at least a billion models with varying physical, mental, and emotional specifications and work under varying environmental conditions.This variety makes “average” or standard times extremely difficult to determine.Standard times are standard times only because all parties involved agree they are standard times.This is an important point.Motion analysis—This technique involves dividing a task into its component motions, then looking up the motion times on a chart or data card of a pre-determined motion times system(PMTS).Motion analysis is applicable to short-cycle, highly-repetitive tasks.Most PMTSs have been computerized by one or more vendors.Time study –The most widely used tool to develop standard times is still time study.Activity sampling can quickly establish standard times on highly variable or long-duration tasks.Estimates--A well-reasoned estimate is what makes a standard a good standard, especially for seldom-performed, highly variable tasks.It is as important to update your standard times as it is to develop them in the first place.Most computerized standards systems feature an integrated PMTS to help the user develop standards.But don’t let that be your primary purpose for “buying into” computerized standards.Maintaining your standards comes first.Look upon an integrated PMTS as a bonus, but just for those highly-repetitive short-cycle tasks.The

primary purpose of a computerized standards system should be to manage standards, not create them.第四节 人因学 Ergonomics

Ergonomics is the scientific discipline that is concerned with the interaction between humans and artifacts and the design of system where people participate.It deal with the design of systems that people use at work and leisure, tools that are used to perform tasks, and procedures and practices that organize human activity.The purpose of the design activities is to match systems, jobs, products and environments to the physical and mental abilities and limitations of people.For example, the development of cumulative trauma disorder and believed that these events were caused by repetitive motions of the hand, by constrained body posture, and by exceive mental stre.Ergonomics is concerned with dynamic systems.It is neceary to go around the loop and incorporate the effect of feedback.Ergonomics is in this matter different from other disciplines.In experimental psychology, for example, there is no requirement for study of dynamic systems.Ergonomics will continue to evolve and profeional ergonomics must extend their knowledge to deal with a rapidly changing scenario.This will require increasing with other disciplines to solve problems of an interdisciplinary nature.There is also a need for communication and collaboration between ergonomics in proposing ergonomics design measures.Activities in research and development may be based on local information, but the design solution may be supported by many ergonomists working in synergy around the world.第六节 21世纪的工厂布局

Next generation factory layouts

Three approaches to layout design addre three distinct needs of the flexible factory.The first two approaches present novel layout configurations, namely distributed and modular layouts.In the third approach, we use operational performance as a design criterion to generate what we term agile layouts.Distributed layouts

Distributed layouts disaggregate large functional departments into subdepartments distributed throughout the plant floor(figure 4).第七节 运作管理 Operations Management

Throughout this history, regardle of its name, the department’s core miion has been to identify, extend, and unify scientific knowledge that contributes to the understanding and practice of operations management, defined as the design and management of the transformation procees that create value for society.