企业职工代表大会法律意见_法律意见书关于公司
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企业职工代表大会法律意见
Legal Comments of Employee Representatives’ Congre
一、与企业职工代表大会有关的法律规定：
Laws related to employees’ congre1、《中华人民共和国公司法》
COMPANY LAW OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
第十八条 公司职工依照《中华人民共和国工会法》组织工会，开展工会活动，维护职工合法权益。公司应当为本公司工会提供必要的活动条件。公司工会代表职工就职工的劳动报酬、工作时间、福利、保险和劳动安全卫生等事项依法与公司签订集体合同。
Article 18 The employees of a company shall, according to the Labor Union Law of the People’s Republic of China, organize a labor union, which shall carry out union activities and safeguard the lawful rights and interests of the employees.The company shall provide neceary conditions for its labor union to carry out activities.The labor union shall, on behalf of the employees, sign collective contracts with the company with respect to the remuneration, working hours, welfare, insurance, work safety and sanitation, and other matters.公司依照宪法和有关法律的规定，通过职工代表大会或者其他形式，实行民主管理。
In accordance with the Constitution and other relevant laws, a company shall adopt democratic management in the form of aembly of the representatives of the employees or any other ways.公司研究决定改制以及经营方面的重大问题、制定重要的规章制度时，应当听取公司工会的意见，并通过职工代表大会或者其他形式听取职工的意见和建议。To make a decision on restructuring or any important iue relating to busine operations, or to formulate any important bylaw, a company shall solicit the opinions of its labor union, and shall solicit the opinions and proposals of the employees through the aembly of the representatives of the employees or in any other way.2、《中华人民共和国人民调解法》
MEDIATION LAW OF PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
第九条村民委员会、居民委员会的人民调解委员会委员由村民会议或者村民代表会议、居民会议推选产生；企业事业单位设立的人民调解委员会委员由职工大会、职工代表大会或者工会组织推选产生。
Article 9 The members of the people's mediation commiion of a villagers'
committee or neighborhood committee shall be selected at the villagers' meeting, the villagers' representative meeting or the residents' meeting;while those of the people's mediation commiion of an enterprise or a public institution shall be selected by the employees' aembly, the employees' representative meeting or the labor union.3、《中华人民共和国劳动法》LABOR LAW OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
第四条 用人单位应当依法建立和完善劳动规章制度，保障劳动者享有劳动权利、履行劳动义务。
Article 4 Employers shall establish and improve their rules and regulations
according to law and ensure that the workers enjoy their rights and perform their obligations.用人单位在制定、修改或者决定有关劳动报酬、工作时间、休息休假、劳动安全卫生、保险福利、职工培训、劳动纪律以及劳动定额管理等直接涉及劳动者切身利益的规章制度或者重大事项时，应当经职工代表大会或者全体职工讨论，提出方案和意见，与工会或者职工代表平等协商确定。
When an Employer formulates, revises or decides on rules and regulations, or material matters, that have a direct bearing on the immediate interests of its Employees, such as those concerning compensation, work hours, rest, leave, work safety and hygiene, insurance, benefits, employee training, work discipline or work quota management, the same shall be discued by the employee representative congre or all the employees.The employee representative congre or all the employees, as the case may be, shall put forward a proposal and comments, whereupon the matter shall be determined through consultations with the Trade union or employee representatives conducted on a basis of equality.4、《中华人民共和国工会法》
THE TRADE UNION LAWOFTHEPEOPLE'SREPUBLICOFCHINA
第六条 维护职工合法权益是工会的基本职责。工会在维护全国人民总体利益的同时，代表和维护职工的合法权益。
Article 6 The basic function and duty of the trade unions is to safeguard the legal rights and interests of the employees.While upholding the overall rights and interests of the whole nation, trade unions shall, at the same time, represent and safeguard the rights and interests of employees.工会通过平等协商和集体合同制度，协调劳动关系，维护企业职工劳动权益。工会依照法律规定通过职工代表大会或者其他形式，组织职工参与本单位的民主决策、民主管理和民主监督。
Trade unions shall coordinate the labor relations and safeguard the labor rights and interests of the enterprise employees through equal negotiation and collective contract system.Trade unions shall, in accordance with legal provisions, organize the employees to participate in the democratic decision-making, democratic management and democratic supervision of their respective units through the employee representative aembly or other forms.第十九条 企业、事业单位违反职工代表大会制度和其他民主管理制度，工会有权要求纠正，保障职工依法行使民主管理的权利。
Article 19 If an enterprise or public institution violates the provisions of the employee representative aembly system or other democratic management systems, the trade union of the said unit shall have the right to request corrections and ensure that the employees exercise their rights to democratic management pursuant to the law.法律、法规规定应当提交职工大会或者职工代表大会审议、通过、决定的事项，企业、事业单位应当依法办理。
The enterprise or public institution shall handle pursuant to law the matters that shall be submitted to the employee aembly or employee representative aembly for deliberation, approval and decision provided for by laws and regulations.第二十条 工会帮助、指导职工与企业以及实行企业化管理的事业单位签订劳动合同。
Article 20 A trade union shall aist and provide guidance to employees in
signing labor contracts with an enterprise or a public institution managed as an enterprise.工会代表职工与企业以及实行企业化管理的事业单位进行平等协商，签订集体合同。集体合同草案应当提交职工代表大会或者全体职工讨论通过。
A trade union shall represent employees in equal negotiation and signing a collective contract with an enterprise or a public institution managed as an enterprise.The draft of a collective contract shall be submitted to the employee representatives or the complete body of employees for discuion and adoption.工会签订集体合同，上级工会应当给予支持和帮助。
The trade union at the next higher level shall support and aist the trade union in signing the collective contract.企业违反集体合同，侵犯职工劳动权益的，工会可以依法要求企业承担责任；因履行集体合同发生争议，经协商解决不成的，工会可以向劳动争议仲裁机构提请仲裁，仲裁机构不予受理或者对仲裁裁决不服的，可以向人民法院提起诉讼。If the enterprise violates the collective contract and infringes upon the rights and interests of the employees, the trade union may ask the enterprise to bear liabilities according to law;if the dispute over the performance of the collective contract can't be settled through consultation, the trade union may submit it to the arbitral agency of labor dispute for arbitration, if the arbitral agency refuses to accept the case or the trade union refuses to accept the finding of arbitration, a lawsuit may be brought before a people's court.二、职代会成立利弊：Pros and cons of establishing employee’s congre
2.1 成立益处：Pros:
有利于公司管理层及时了解员工关注点，将公司潜在危机提前解决
Help management team to aware of the employees’ concerns promptly, and to bring solutions to the potential crisis in advance
有利于公司治理
Help company governance
有利于公司各种劳动纠纷的和平解决以及公司重要规章制度制定的程序合法性
help to bring amicable settlement to all sorts of labor disputes with in company and
the important rules and regulations formulated by the program legitimacy
2.2 弊端Cons:
需要公司投入大量精力关注职代会工作的开展
Convoking employees’ congre is effort-taking to the company
在同员工签订集体合同时职代会有可能在重大利益上存在与公司的分歧 Might occur divergences between company and employees’ congre when signing the collective contract
公司长远利益和职代会的关注点存在不一致的可能
Might exist inconformity between company’s long-term interest and employees’ congre’s focus.二、法律建议Legal comments
1.鉴于目前实操中职代会主要存在于一些国企和集体企业，因此，在外资企业成立职代会并无一个严格统一的流程，需要公司根据实际情况来操作。
Since employees’congre practically mainly exists in some state-owned enterprises and collective enterprises, therefore there is no strictly unified proce about establishing employees’ congre within foreign-owned enterprises, need to operate in accordance with the actual situation of the company.2.从法律层面来讲，工会法已对工会的成立组织有明确的规定，因此，作为公司来讲，成立工会在操作性上及对外工会的衔接上来讲都更加方便和有优势。From the law aspect,there is a specific provisionin the laborlaw on trade union organization establishment, therefore, as the company, to establish labor unionis more convenient and moreadvantage in term of operation and connection with the external labor union.3.考虑到工会成立需要法律强制性经费的支持，因此，具体成立哪种，需要公司综合衡量。
Considering establishing employees’ congre requires mandatory funding support, therefore, the company needs to take comprehensive consideration on specifying the type of congre.
