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要

牵引变电所作为电气化铁道的供电电源，是铁路供电系统的重要组成部分，直接影响铁路行车安全。由于所内集中的电气设备较多，发生雷击时，很容易引起设备故障，进而影响铁道供电的安全性和可靠性。因此，可通过将避雷器安装在理想的位置，以防止雷击对牵引变电所内设备造成损害，保证牵引供电系统的安全可靠性。

本设计采用EMTP(The Electromagnetic Transients Program,电磁暂态分析程序)应用软件，以哈大线牵引变电所为例，建立220kV牵引变电所仿真模型，对其雷电侵入波的特性进行仿真分析，比较雷击点、杆塔冲击接地电阻、避雷器安装位置等不同因素对牵引变电所内电气设备上过电压的影响，并根据分析结果确定避雷器的最佳安装点。

根据基于EMTP的牵引变电所仿真模型，针对不同避雷器设置方案对雷电侵入波防护效果的模拟和分析结果，选择的最佳避雷器安装方案为：在变压器和互感器入口处均设置避雷器。

As the power supply of electrified railway, traction substation is an important part of the railway power supply system, which directly affects the safety of railway traffic.Because of the large amount of centralized equipment in traction substation, it is easy to cause equipment failure by lightning, and then affect the safety and reliability of railway power supply system.Therefore, the a The Electromagnetic Transients Program e equipment in traction substation from lightning strikes and to ensure the safety and reliability of tractive power supply system.This design uses EMTP(The Electromagnetic Transients Program)application software, take the railway traction substation as an example, the establishment of 220kV traction substation simulation model, electromagnetic transient simulation software, to analysis lightning invasion wave of 220 kV traction substation simulation.Effect on the equipment of lightning struck point, the surge ground-resistance and the place arrester ridded are compared, to ensure the right location of arrester.According to the traction substation model, which based on the EMTP, the effect of lightning overvoltage by different installation scheme about arrester is simulated and analysed.According to the simulation results, it is adopted as lightning protection design scheme that arresters should be located near transformer and mutual inductor.