核电科学发展的哲学思考中英文对照_核电英语中英对照

核电科学发展的哲学思考中英文对照由刀豆文库小编整理，希望给你工作、学习、生活带来方便，猜你可能喜欢“核电英语中英对照”。

http://www.daodoc.com/ http://www.daodoc.com/ 核电科学发展的哲学思考中英文对照

Nuclear science philosophical thinking of the development of the Chinese and English language compared

［摘 要］核电的开发和利用存在着潜在的安全、环保等问题，一直以来都备受人们关注。我国应以科学发展观为指导，认真吸取日本福岛核电事故中的深刻教训，正确处理核电建设中好与快的关系、科学技术与文化管理的关系、保守秘密与普及核知识的关系，以及自主创新与国际合作的关系。这是我国核电发展的根本所在。

Pick to] [nuclear power exist in the development and utilization of potential problems such as safety, environmental protection, has long been people's attention.Should be guided by the scientific concept of development in our country, to draw profound leons of Japan's fukushima nuclear accident, correctly handle the relationship between good and fast in the construction of nuclear power, the relationship between science, technology and culture management, the relationship between secrecy and popularize knowledge of nuclear, and the relationship between independent innovation and international cooperation.This is the eence of the nuclear power development in China.［关键词］核电； 科学发展； 关系。

[key words] nuclear power;Scientific development;Relationship.正值我国核电由适度发展向积极发展转变的关键时期，2011 年 3 月 11 日，日本福岛核电站发生了严重的核事故，将世界核电包括中国核电发展推向了风口浪尖。核电究竟安全不安全？ 可靠不可靠？

When the nuclear power by the moderate development of our country to develop critical period of transition, on March 11, 2011, a serious nuclear accident happened at Japan's fukushima nuclear plant, the nuclear power in the world including China nuclear power development to the forefront.Nuclear security is not safe? Reliable and unreliable?

http://www.daodoc.com/ http://www.daodoc.com/ http://www.daodoc.com/

是继续大力发展，还是及时“刹车”？ 中国核电该何去何从？ 这一系列问题不可回避地摆在人们面前。

Is to continue to develop, or “brake” in time? The nuclear power in China? This a series of problem unavoidable before people.鉴于我国经济社会发展的现实需要，我们认为，中国的核电建设不能停滞，但是必须做到科学发展，这就需要以科学发展观为指导，认真反思和汲取世界核电事故特别是日本福岛核电事故的深刻教训，正确处理好核电发展中的几大重要关系。

In view of China's economic and social development reality needs, we believe that China's nuclear power construction can't stagnation, but must achieve scientific development, which requires the scientific outlook on development as guidance, to seriously reflect on and learn from the world nuclear power accident especially profound leons at Japan's fukushima nuclear accident, properly handle several important relations in the development of nuclear power.一、正确处理好好与快的关系。

A, correctly handle the relationship between a good and fast.“好”指事物发展的质量、品质、内涵，“快”指事物的规模、数量、速度。正确处理经济社会发展过程中“好”与“快”的关系，做到“好”字当头，“好”与“快”兼顾，速度、规模、效益协调发展，这是贯彻落实科学发展观的根本要求，也是实现经济社会全面协调可持续发展的根本途径。在我国社会主义建设史上，曾经存在过求“快”忘“好”、讲数量不讲质量、只讲规模不讲效益的现象，导致资源浪费、环境破坏、效益低下的结果，使经济社会发展遭到重大挫折。历史的教训不能忘记。

Something “good” refers to the development of quality, quality, connotation, “fast” refers to the size, quantity and speed of things.Correctly handle economic and social development in the

http://www.daodoc.com/ http://www.daodoc.com/ proce of the “good” and “fast”, the relationship between do “good” word pledge, the “good” and “fast” to two or morethings, coordinated development speed, scale, benefit, this is the basic requirements, implement the scientific concept of development is the basic way to realize comprehensive, balanced and sustainable economic and social development.In the socialist history in China, there was a “quick” forget “good”, number don't speak quality, speak size not only benefit phenomenon, lead to waste of resources, environmental damage, low benefit as a result, the economy and social development has a significant setback.The leons of history can not forget.以科学发展观为指导，促进我国核电又好又快发展，具有特别的重大意义。核电是国家重要的基础性战略产业，核电发展的好坏直接关系到国家能源安全，关系到生态环境的保护和“两型”社会建设，关系到我国经济社会能否实现可持续发展。核电发展得好，则我国现代化建设有了重要的保障； 核电发展得不好，如速度太慢则不能适应经济社会发展的需要。特别是如果发生了严重核事故，则会给人民群众生命财产安全和现代化建设带来重大损失。因此，必须本着对国家、对人民、对社会主义现代化建设高度负责的态度，认真思考和正确处理我国核电发展中“好”与“快”的关系问题。

Guided by the scientific outlook on development, promote nuclear power, nice and fast development in our country, has a special significance.Nuclear power is the national important basic strategic industries, the development of nuclear power is good or bad is directly related to national energy security, in relation to ecological environment protection and construction of “two type society”, in relation to our country economic society can achieve sustainable development.Nuclear power development well, the modernization construction of our country has an important safeguard;Nuclear power development badly, such as the speed is too slow can not adapt to the needs of economic and social development.Especially if there is a serious nuclear accident, it will bring to people's lives and property safety and modernization heavy loes., therefore, must be in line with to the country and the people, for the socialist modernization construction highly responsible attitude, think carefully and properly handle China's nuclear power development in the relationship between “good” and “fast”.http://www.daodoc.com/ http://www.daodoc.com/ http://www.daodoc.com/

第一，核电发展必须坚持“好”字当头，以“好”为根本。核电发展中的“好”字表现为核电发展的质量、效益尤其是安全可靠。核电不同于其他产业，在某种意义上是一柄“双刃剑”。发展得好，使用得好，管理得好，就可以造福社会； 反之，倘若发生了核事故，则会给社会带来巨大的灾难。1986 年，曾被认为是世界最安全、最可靠的核电站———苏联切尔诺贝利核电站发生爆炸，造成人员、财产重大损失。

First, the nuclear power development must adhere to the “good” word, in order to “good” as the fundamental.Nuclear power in the development of the quality of the word “good” performance for nuclear power development, benefit, especially the safety and reliability.Nuclear power is different from other industries, in a sense is a “double-edged sword”.Development well, use well, good management, it can benefit the society;On the other hand, if the nuclear accident happened, brings the huge disaster to the society.In 1986, has been considered to be the world's safest, most reliable nuclear power plants--the Soviet chernobyl exploded, causing personnel and property loes.大量强辐射物质泄漏，对苏联广大地区造成环境严重污染。20 多年过去了，切尔诺贝利核事故的余害至今仍在。2011 年 3 月发生的日本福岛核泄漏事故，其影响与切尔诺贝利核事故不相上下，至今人们仍存在“核恐慌”心理。除了上述两起核事故外，核电发展史上还发生过其他核事故，如美国三里岛核事故。这说明，发展核电并不是百分之百安全可靠，由于各种主客观原因仍然有可能发生事故，哪怕在科学技术最发达的美国、日本、苏联也未能幸免。而一旦发生核事故，其后果将是灾难性的。目前，我国经济社会发展正处于关键时期，能源需求缺口大，节能减排压力大，需要大力发展核电。由此，2007 年，国务 院 正 式 批 准 了《国 家 核 电 发 展 专 题 规 划（2005—2020 年）》，我国核电发展进入了由适度发展到积极发展的新时期。新的核电项目不断上马，核电迎来了大发展的热潮。但是核电事故一再告诫我们，发展核电切不可盲目贪大求快，头脑发热，一定要坚持质量第一，安全第一。要将“好”字置于绝对优先的地位，将以“好”为根本的指导思想贯彻于核电建设的全过程，包括从谋划、论证、选址、建造、运行到退役治理。正是基于此，日本福岛核事故后，中国政府高度重视核电开发安全。2011 年 3 月 16日，国务院总理温家宝主持召开了国务院常务会议，专题研究核电安全开发问题。会议强调，我国核电发展必经始终坚持安全第一，并

http://www.daodoc.com/ http://www.daodoc.com/ 就落实这一思想提出了四点要求： 一是立即组织对我国核设施进行全面安全检查； 二是切实加强正在运行的核设施安全管理； 三是全面审查在建的核电站； 四是严格审批新上核电项目。同时抓紧编制核安全规划，做到核电发展规划与核安全规划同步实施［1］。A large number of strong radiation leakage, large areas of the Soviet union caused serious environmental pollution.More than 20 years have paed, the chernobyl nuclear accident harm is still on.In March 2011 Japan's fukushima nuclear leakage accident, its influence on par with the chernobyl nuclear accident, people still remains a matter of “kernel panic” mentality.In addition to the above two nuclear accidents, there were some other nuclear accidents in nuclear power development, such as three mile island nuclear accident in the United States.This shows that nuclear power is not one hundred percent safe, reliable, because of various subjective and objective reasons is still poible accident, even in the most advanced science and technology but also the United States, Japan, the Soviet union.And, once the nuclear accident, the consequences would be catastrophic.At present, our country is in a critical period of social and economic development, energy demand gap is big, preure, energy saving and emiion reduction need to vigorously develop nuclear power.As a result, in 2007, the state court is type approved by the country's nuclear power development designed gauge rowed(2005-2020)“, entered by the moderate development of nuclear power development in our country to develop in the new period.New nuclear projects continues to mount, nuclear power ushered in the great development of boom.But has repeatedly warned us nuclear power accident, nuclear power must not blindly greedy big fast, hot-headed, must insist on quality first, safety first.To put the ”good“ word in absolute priority status, will be ”good“ as the fundamental guiding ideology and implement in the whole proce of nuclear power construction, from planning, demonstration, site selection, construction, management of operation to retirement.Is precisely based on this, after Japan's fukushima nuclear accident, the Chinese government attaches great importance to the safety of nuclear power development.On March 16, 2011, the state council premier wen jiabao chaired a state council executive meeting, the research of nuclear power security development problems.The meeting streed that nuclear power development in China must insist on safety first, and the implementation of the idea put forward four requirements: one is immediately organization of China's nuclear facilities to conduct a comprehensive safety inspection;2 it is to strengthen running nuclear facilities safety management;Three is a comprehensive review of nuclear power http://www.daodoc.com/ http://www.daodoc.com/ http://www.daodoc.com/ plant under construction;Four is on the strict examination and approval of new nuclear power projects.At the same time to prepare the nuclear safety plan, nuclear power development planning and implementation of [1] nuclear safety plan synchronization.第二，核电开发要在以“好”为根本的基础上快速发展。总体上看，核能是一种清洁、高效、可靠的能源，具有化石能源不可替代的诸多优势。尤其是在当今化石能源枯竭，环境日益恶化的严峻形势下，核能更是人们实现经济社会可持续发展的重要选择。因此，在日本福岛核电站发生事故后，世界各国如法国、美国、俄罗斯、意大利、西班牙、荷兰等，一方面表示将尽一切努力确保核电站运行安全； 另一方面坚持继续发展核电的决心不改变。我国政府持类似的立场。在某种意义上与其他国家相比，我国发展核电的需要更加迫切。一方面，面对能源紧缺、环境恶化的严峻挑战，我们要保障国家能源安全，建设资源节约型、环境友好型社会，就必须发展核电； 另一方面，我国“现有核电装机只占国家装机容量的1.1%，相比日本、法国、俄罗斯和美国比重非常小，还有发展空间”［2］。基于此，2011 年 3 月 16 日公布的我国经济社会发展“十二五”规划纲要提出，“十二五”期间，实现“非化石能源占一次能源消费比重达到 11.4%……在确保安全的基础上高效发展核电”［3］。

Second, nuclear power development in the ”good“ as the fundamental based on rapid development.Overall, nuclear energy is a clean, efficient and reliable energy, has the advantages of foil energy can not be replaced.Especially in today's foil energy sources dried up, the environment is deteriorating under the grim situation, nuclear power is the people to achieve sustainable economic and social development important choices.Therefore, after Japan's fukushima nuclear plant accident, countries all over the world such as France, the United States, Ruia, Italy, Spain, the Netherlands, etc., on the one hand, said he would make every effort to ensure safe operation of nuclear power plant;On the other hand, insist to continue to develop nuclear power were determined not to change.Our government holds a similar position.Compared with other countries in a sense, China's development of nuclear power needs to be more urgent.On the one hand, facing the challenge of energy shortage, environmental degradation, we want to ensure national energy security, build a resource-conserving and environment-friendly society, we must develop nuclear power;”On the other hand, our country existing nuclear power installed capacity in the state of only 1.1%, compared to Japan, France, Ruia and the United States proportion is

http://www.daodoc.com/ http://www.daodoc.com/ very small, still have development space“ [2].Based on this, published on March 16, 2011 in the ”twelfth five-year“ plan for China's economic and social development, during the ”twelfth five-year“, implement ”non-foil energy proportion of primary energy consumption has reached 11.4%...in ensuring safe efficient nuclear power“ on the basis of [3].二、正确处理好依靠科学技术与加强文化管理的关系。

Second, properly handle, relying on science and technology and to strengthen the management of cultural relations.在人类核电发展史上，有三次较大的核事故： 一是美国三里岛核电站事故，二是苏联切尔诺贝利核事故，三是日本福岛核电事故。综观三次核事故，发生的原因主要有两方面： 一是反应堆设计不当，日本福岛核电站还存在选址不够科学的问题，这类问题可归结为科学技术方面的问题； 二是操作失误和管理不当，或称“人因失误”。人为因素的失误，其核心是企业核心价值观、员工自身素质等方面出了问题，这类问题的根源可归结为企业文化建设和文化管理的问题。换句话说，核电事故的发生，既要从科学技术即“硬件”方面找原因，又要从文化管理即“软件”方面找原因。

In human history of nuclear power, there are three major nuclear accidents: one is the three mile island nuclear power plant accident, the second is the Soviet chernobyl nuclear accident, three are Japan's fukushima nuclear accident.Through three times of a nuclear accident, happened reason mainly has two aspects: one is the improper reactor design, at Japan's fukushima nuclear plant site selection is not enough scientific problem, this kind of problem can be summed up in science and technology aspects of the problem;Second, error and mismanagement, or ”by mistake“.Human factors of errors, its core is the enterprise core values, the staff own quality has a problem, can be traced to this kind of problem at the root of the enterprise culture construction and culture management.In other words, nuclear power accidents, both to find reasons from the aspects of science and technology, namely the ”hardware“, and to find reasons from the aspects of cultural management is ”software“.http://www.daodoc.com/ http://www.daodoc.com/ http://www.daodoc.com/

因此，要促进核电又好又快发展，必须正确处理好依靠科学技术与加强文化管理的关系，做到二者并重，缺一不可。首先，要不断创新核电技术，提升核电科技含量。核电工业属于高科技产业，尤其是设备设计与制造的技术含量高，质量要求严。核电技术先进与否，科技含量高低与否，在很大程度上决定了核电站能否安全运行，能否可持续发展。先进的科技是促进核电又好又快发展的物质基础。为此，要高度重视核电技术的研发与创新，高度重视先进核电设备的研发与制造。其次，要不断提高人的素质，不断加强核电企业文化建设和文化管理，以避免和杜绝“人因失误”而导致的核事故。党的十七届六中全会作出了文化强国的战略部署。强国离不开文化，文化可以强国。同样，“强企”离不开文化，文化可以“强企”。文化管理是核电企业最高层次的管理。没有好的企业文化，没有好的文化管理，核电企业要做到科学发展是不可能的。因为核电技术再发达，核电设备再先进，也是靠人来管理和使用的。因此，大力加强核电企业文化建设特别是核电安全文化建设，全面提高企业员工素质，对于实现核电又好又快发展具有至关重要的意义。为此要做到以下几点： 一是要始终坚持“安全第一”、安全大于天的指导思想； 二是要大力弘扬“事业高于一切、责任重于一切、严细融入一切、进取成就一切”的核工业精神，不断打造企业员工认同并践行的核心价值观； 三是以道德素质提升为中心，全面培育企业员工严谨求实、坚守责任、甘于奉献的精神品质； 四是将文化管理尤其是核安全文化管理贯穿于核电站设计、勘探、运营以及退役治理全过程。Therefore, to promote nuclear power, nice and fast development, must correctly handle the rely on science and technology and strengthening the management of the cultural relations, put equal emphasis on both, be short of one cannot.First of all, to the technology innovation, to improve nuclear power technology.Nuclear power industry belongs to the high-tech industries, especially the equipment design and manufacturing of high technical content, strict quality requirements.Content of science and technology of nuclear power technology is advanced or not, or not, to a great extent, determines the safe operation of the plant can, can the sustainable development.Advanced science and technology is the material base to promote the development of nuclear power, nice and fast.Therefore, should attach great importance to nuclear power technology research and development and innovation, attaches great importance to the r&d and manufacture of advanced nuclear power equipment.Second, to improve people's quality, and constantly in order to strengthen the management of nuclear power enterprise culture construction and culture, in order to avoid and eliminate ”by mistake“ caused by a nuclear accident.Party's sixth plenary of

http://www.daodoc.com/ http://www.daodoc.com/ the seventeenth to the strategic deployment of cultural power.Power cannot be separated from culture, culture can powers.Similarly, ”strong enterprise“ cannot be separated from culture, culture can ”strong enterprise“.Culture management is the highest level of nuclear power enterprise management.No good corporate culture, good management culture, nuclear power is impoible to achieve scientific development.Because nuclear power technology to developed, nuclear power and advanced equipment, also depend on people to manage and use.Vigorously, therefore, to strengthen the construction of nuclear power enterprise culture construction especially the nuclear safety culture, and comprehensively improve the quality of the staff, to achieve sound and fast development of nuclear power has the vital significance.For this to do the following: one is to always adhere to the ”safety first“, the guiding principle of safety is greater than the days, Two is to vigorously carry forward the ”cause above all else, the responsibility is more important than everything, strict and careful in everything and enterprising achievement all" of the nuclear industry spirit, make enterprise staff identity and practice the core values;Three is a moral quality promotion as the center, comprehensively cultivate enterprise employees rigorous truth-seeking, stick to the quality of responsibility, dedicated spirit;Four is to culture management especially the nuclear safety culture management throughout the whole plant design, exploration, operation, and retirement management proce.核安全文化首先是一个价值观，体现了核电企业员工对安全重要性的共同认识，以及安全在认识中所处的地位。核电站的安全文化越普及得深入，企业员工对安全重要性的认识越深刻，安全的地位就越高。核安全文化同时也是一个个人态度。核电企业员工对安全的态度首先体现在他对安全及有关安全的制度、措施的认知和遵守。因此，应把安全问题与核电企业每一个人的工作态度和思维习惯，以及单位的工作作风紧密联系起来。

Nuclear safety culture is first and foremost a values, reflected the nuclear enterprise employees of common understanding of the importance of safety, and security's position in the know.Nuclear power plant safety culture, the popularity of in-depth, enterprise staff about the importance of safety is more profound, the higher the safety status.Nuclear safety culture is also a personal attitude.Nuclear power enterprise staff's attitude to safety first of all reflected in his description of the safety and security system, the measures of cognitive and abide by it.Therefore, we should put safety problems with nuclear power enterprise each person's work attitude and thinking habits, as http://www.daodoc.com/ http://www.daodoc.com/ http://www.daodoc.com/ well as the unit of work style is closely linked.