美国部分复习题_美国文学期末复习题
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1.“The backbone of the continent” refers to.(the
Rocky Mountains)
2.During Ratification, those who supported the Constitution and preferred a
strong national government were called , their opponents
were called.(Federalists, Anti-federalists)
3.The war of 1812 was also known asfor America
got economically independent after it.(Second War of Independence)
4.Washington D.C.is situated on River which is the traditional
dividing line between the South and the North.(the Potomac)
5.The United States is the most populous country.(third)
6.In hisAbraham Lincoln expreed his ideas of a
democratic government “of the people, by the people and for the people.”
(Gettysburg Addre)
7.In the year President Nixon visited China, and later during
„s presidency, formal diplomatic relations between China and the United
States were established.(1972, Jimmy Carter)
8.The division of powers by a constitution between the central government
and state government is called.(Federalism)
9.By law anyAmerican citizen of and over years of
age and of being a resident within the United States foryears
can run for the President.The duly elected and duly qualified
president-elect takes office on the of January following his
election.(natural-born, 35, 14, 20th)
10.When a Bill is vetoed by the President, it can still become a law if the
the veto by a vote of both houses.(override, two-thirds)
11.The United States is bordered on the north by on the south by
and on the east by and on the west
by(Canada, Mexico, The Gulf of Mexico, The Atlantic,the Pacific)
12.The Great Depreion started with the sudden collapse of the
in New York in October, This economic distre extended to
Europe, Asia, Australia and South America.(stock market, 1929)
13.The candidate with the most voters in a state wins all of that state‟s
votes.This is known as the “” principle.The candidates who
wins the of the 538 Electoral College votes will be US President in
the next four years.(electoral, winner-take-all, 270)
14.American universities offer three main categories of graduate degrees:
1), 2).(bachelor‟s, master‟s, Ph.D)
15.Each of the fifty states in the US provides a free schooling of
____________years to its residents.(12)
16.belongs entirely to the
US.(Michigan)
17.The emblem of the Democratic Party is , and that of the
Republican Party isis considered the first
Democratic President, and first Republican President is.(donkey, elephant, Thomas Jefferson, Abraham Lincoln)
18.The first succeful English colony in North American was founded at
___________ in Virginia, in 1607, while Pilgrim Fathers were a group of ____________ who sailed for Virginia on a ship called the ___________ in 1620.(James Town, puritans, Mayflower)
19.The United States has ________ states, the largest in area of all states is
______________,the longest river in the U.S.is _______.(50, Alaska, Miiippi River)
20.The federal government in U.S.is divided into three equal and separate branches, they are
____________________, _________________, ___________________.(The Executive branch, The Legislative branch, The Judicial branch)
21“All men are created equal” is from the document _______.(Declaration of
Independence)
22.All American children are offered at least 12 years of free public education,which consists of_________________ and secondary education.(elementary)
The U.S.Congre consists of two houses: _________________________________ and
___________________.(the Senate, the House of Representatives)
23.President Franklin D.Roosevelt applied _____________ to deal with the
problems of the Great Depreion.(New Deal)
24.President Abraham Lincoln iued ____________________________ to grant
freedom to all slaves during the Civil War.(Emancipation Proclamation)
25.At the beginning of the Second World War America kept a ___________ foreign
policy, while the policy underwent changes, in 1941 the ________________________ was paed to confer the President great personal power to lend or lease American war equipments to foreign nations resisting the aggreion.(neutral, Lend-Lease Bill)
26.The Constitution of the United States was drawn up in _______ and came into
effect in1789.(1787)
27.The American national anthem was written during the battle between ________
and the USA toward the end of the war in 1812.(Britain/England)
29.________ is the center of the US film industry;Miiippi is called the “_______ of the waters”.(Hollywood;father)
30.The number of Congremen from each state varies depending on
_______.(the size of population.)
1.The Harlem Renaiance:2.The Second Continental Congre
3.Progreive Movement4.The New Deal
5.Fireside chats:6.Lend-Lease Bill
7.Civil Rights Movement8.The Ivy League
9.winner-get-all policy10.Transcendentalism
11.The lost generation12.the Bill of Rights
13.the Emancipation Proclamation14.the Declaration of Independence
1.Please explain the contract of diversity and uniformity in American culture.2.Why did many Europeans want to leave home and go to settle down in the New
World after Columbus discovered American?
3.What were the major causes of the American Revolution?
4.What is the characteristics of the US Constitution?
5.What are the major causes ofAmerican Civil War? What were the consequences
of the Civil War
6.Analyze the US foreign policy in the Second World War
7.What is the character of religion in America?
8.Tell briefly the history of the twoparty system in the United States.（1）During the Ratification period，the first two major parties appeared.They were the Federalists and the AntiFederalists began to call themselves DemocraticRepublican Party split.The main faction led by Jackson was called the Whig Party which formed in 1834.As the struggle over slavery intensified，the majority of the Whig Party，part of the democrats，and other anti-slavery elements formed the Republican Party in 1854.（3）From 1860s to 1920s，the Republican Party dominated the political scene.（4）From the time of President Franklin Roosevelt to the 1980s，the Democratic Party was dominant，with short interruptions.Traditionally，the Democrats support government intervention in the economy and a strong social security system.While the Republicans stre the role of the market more and oppose large government social security programs.But the two parties are not really very different.They both believe in individualism，defend capitalism and uphold private ownership of means of production.Their organizations are both very loose.But they are both very significant in political life.The Harlem Renaiance: It was a blackthat spanned the 1920s and 1930s.African-American social thought that was expreed through the visual arts, as well as through music , literature, theaterand dance.Centered in the Harlem district of New York City, it was also called the New Negro Movement and had a profound influence acro the United States and even around the world.The lost generation:
After World War I, many novelists Produced a literature of disillusionment.In the 1920‟s, a generation of young writers Joined in war, and were tired of the war,Some of them lost the hope for the society,They were filled with peimistic emotion,They were known as lost generation.Transcendentalism: Transcendentalism was a group of new ideas in literature, religion culture and Philosophy that emerged in New England In the early 19th century.It began as a Protest against the general state of Culture and society.The core belief was an ideal spiritual state transcends the physical and empirical.It is realized Only through the individual‟s intuition rather
than through the doctrines of established Religion.Progreive Movement:
Muckrakers, a reform-minded journalist exposed various dark side of the seemingly prosperous society → a national-wide Progreive Movement.It was unorganized effort in economy, politics and society.To reform society and improve the situation of individual, to reform government, to eliminate corruption….It was primarily a movement of social engineers who believed that scientific and cost-efficient solution could be found to all problems.
