改善中国交通现状英文文章_城市轨道交通英文文章

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On the improvement of the current status of urban bus transport

Paper Keywords: organization;planning

Abstract: Urban traffic system is the urban system is an important subsystem, the city depends on the survival and development of transport, the rapid development of urban traffic and promote development.The bus transport in urban traffic is an important part of the city, it should speed up the

development of urban bus transport in order to promote the rapid development of cities.Paenger traffic from the city traffic can be claified as public transport and private transport system of the two.At present, China's urban public transport characteristics are: the city public transport lanes with low coverage and low levels due to management, and other vehicles occupied by frequent public transport bus lanes caused by the low operating efficiency.Urban road

unreasonable, so that local public transportation system utilization rate.Aging of the city bus a high degree of scheduling and organization of the

unreasonable.Should speed up the development of urban transport system, the full development of urban transportation convenient, fast, large capacity.Therefore the following aspects should be the improvement of the urban bus transportation available.city bus transport lines

Urban public transport routes should be in line the city's main traffic flow, public transport in cities should be divided into the main lines and feeder lines.The main line linking the main paenger terminal and transportation hub, more than millions of people in big cities, the focus on paenger traffic hub should be set up quickly direct public transport routes.Generally by means of surveys to obtain data on a straight-line acce to integrated planning and overall

planning should be coordinated with the City to carry out.The use of lanes, the best rationale for a dedicated lane so that other lane segregation, isolation can be used with dedicated lanes and is equipped with monitoring systems.urban public traffic density lines

Urban public transport motor vehicles are usually lines of planning density, in the city center 3 ~ 4km/km2, peri-urban areas of 2 ~ 2.5km/km2, the distance between the Route 600 ~ 1000m, walking no more than 4 ~ 6min appropriate, the Town urban bus to the length of line should be advised as to the length of 8 ~ 12km.Would cause long lines of paengers waiting a long time and bus time arrival rate of a series of drawbacks such as poor.bus scheduling and organization

Vehicle Scheduling optimization is to determine the normal and efficient public transport operation of the important factors.Changes based on paenger flow and the specific operating conditions and other regulations, various models of vehicles and road traffic organization, such as paenger flow during peak hours to focus on the trunk of the vehicle with high-capacity organizations

Station or shuttle bus from the train, in the flow large and narrow streets, small turning radius and the flow concentration of the body block with short bus.In addition, they can employ intelligent management tool.For example: public transport vehicle automatic threshold control system(collectively referred to international AVMcautomatic vehicle monitoring system), it can dispatch room in between efficient information acce, effective communication links between the two(GIS).The main vehicles used by the GPS scheduling, dynamic target tracking and data collection on traffic flow, GIS geographic information used in traffic management and visualization of dynamic traffic information display.In addition, you can use variable meage board information, broadcasting, on-street public phone, public computer network terminal, which has been in the way of public transport users on the roadside, bus stations or bus stops and on the platform, acce to real-time information on bus travel services.4 Coordination of bus and taxi operations management

Door-to-door taxi service for paengers with a higher level of public transport.Utilization rate of its high energy consumption and le than a bus, air pollution is serious, complete the volume occupied by units of time and space resources, such as road defects, it should be based on the level of urban development and the actual needs of the taxi industry to strengthen the management and operation management, so that the coordinated development of the bus.vehicle technologies to improve

China's paenger capacity by bus at a small(60-90 paenger), and

medium-sized(90-130 paengers)and large articulated vehicles(130-180 paengers)should be based on actual paenger traffic to the deployment of appropriate models to resources to reduce the rate of empty vehicles.It shall also meet the paenger demand on the city bus traveling comfort and

convenience of paengers getting on or off request.The development of an independent suspension type, dedicated low-floor bus chais and city buses, so bus and channel height of the pedal in order to reduce the vehicle center of gravity high over the estate to the requirements of comfort.It should also be a timely replacement of vehicles, the general public the best service life of 5 to 6 years.Extended active duty bus noise, and exhaust, and mechanical failure more than a series of shortcomings, with the scientific and technological

development, many countries have also developed a number of the outcome of the application of modern high-tech bus.For example: the invention of the

next generation of Japan's “middle-distance inter-city bus transport system of unmanned.” Germany developed a city with public paenger transport vehicles, new cars can be run along the fixed-line and the traditional advantages of the bus and tram combination.Public Transport Priority Development Strategy

Urban public transport as the road space point with the demand, low

environmental pollution, energy consumption should be small, giving priority to the development of traffic, in addition to China's cities are mostly intensive, therefore, to public transport systems and other forms of secondary form of transport in our country the structure of urban paenger transport natural direction of development.Commonly used way of public transportation there are two types of priority:Set according to the actual situation dedicated bus lane or bus lane roads.Intersection of the first;junction bus priority measures on the main bus phase-specific, dedicated bus lane entrance, as well as other special bus priority measures in line with the movement.City bus transportation is the main urban transport system is to communicate all aspects of the social production of an important part of urban development is the decision an important foundation for the development of one, so to speed up the development of the city bus.