智能小车电源模块的设计实现_智能小车电源模块

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智能小车电源模块的设计与实现

摘要

飞思卡尔智能赛车竞赛是以智能汽车为研究对象的创意性科技竞赛，是面向全国大学生的一种具有探索性工程实践活动，是教育部倡导的大学生科技竞赛之一。在智能小车硬件电路设计中，电源电路是其中重要的一个部分，它为系统其他各个模块提供所需的电源。本设计完成了智能小车电源模块的制作，并对设计实物进行测试和分析。该电源模块主要由赛道电源模块和供电电源模块两部分组成。赛道电源模块为电磁组提供赛道使用的高频交流电源；供电电源模块能为电机、舵机、检测电路和单片机等供电。全部硬件电路的电源由7.2V、2A/h的可充电镍镉蓄电池提供。赛道电源采用由单片机89C52，L298芯片，晶体管集电极恒流特性组成的电路。供电电源分别采用低压差稳压芯片LM2940和开关稳压器LM2575-ADJ, LM2577-ADJ组成电路达到稳压效果。整个系统的电路结构简单，可靠性能高，实验测试结果满足要求。

关键词: 电源模块；稳定；89C52；低压差稳压芯片 ；开关稳压器

The Design and Implement of Intelligent Car’s Power

Supply Module

Abstract Freescale intelligent racing competition is creative technological competition that intelligent vehicle for research object, facing the national college students with an exploratory project practice activities, and the ministry of education advocates of one of the college students' technological competition.In the design of intelligent car hardware circuit, Power supply circuit is an important part.It provides power for the system’s other modules.The intelligent car power supply module is designed and produced.And it is also carefully tested and analyzed.This power supply module is mainly made up of the track power supply module and the common power supply module.The track power module provides the high-frequency ac power for game’s electromagnetic group.The common power supply module gives power to motor, steering engine, detection circuit and singlechip.The power of all hardware circuit is provided by a rechargeable Nickel-cadmium storage batteries which is 7.2V and 2A/h.The track power module is mainly consisted of single-chip 89C52, L298 chip, transistor circuit that its collector’s current is constant.In order to achieve the voltage stabilization effect, Power supply circuit is made up of low-dropout voltage regulator chip LM2940 and switching regulator LM2575-ADJ and LM2577-ADJ.It is tested that the system is simply structured and have a reliable performance by analyzing the experimental results.Key words: Power supply module;Stability;89C52;Low-dropout voltage regulator；Switching Regulator

目录

论文总页数：27页引言.........................................错误！未定义书签。

1.1 课题背景及意义.........................错误！未定义书签。1.2 课题技术要求...........................错误！未定义书签。2 系统设计方案.................................错误！未定义书签。

2.1 赛道电源电路方案比较与论证.............错误！未定义书签。

2.1.1 振荡电路.........................错误！未定义书签。2.1.2 功率输出电路.....................错误！未定义书签。2.1.3 恒流控制.........................错误！未定义书签。2.2 供电电源电路方案比较与论证.............错误！未定义书签。

2.2.1 5V电源的设计方案................错误！未定义书签。2.2.2 6V电源的设计方案................错误！未定义书签。2.2.3 12V电源的设计方案...............错误！未定义书签。2.2.4 15V电源的设计方案...............错误！未定义书签。详细系统设计.................................错误！未定义书签。

3.1 芯片的详细介绍.........................错误！未定义书签。

3.1.1 AT89C52简介.....................错误！未定义书签。3.1.2 L298 简介........................错误！未定义书签。3.1.3 LM2940简介......................错误！未定义书签。3.1.4 LM2575简介......................错误！未定义书签。3.1.5 LM2577简介......................错误！未定义书签。3.1.6 7805简介........................错误！未定义书签。3.2 赛道电源的设计.........................错误！未定义书签。

3.2.1 时钟振荡器电路设计...............错误！未定义书签。3.2.2 功率输出.........................错误！未定义书签。3.2.3 恒流控制.........................错误！未定义书签。3.3 供电电源的设计.........................错误！未定义书签。

3.3.1 5V电源的设计....................错误！未定义书签。3.3.2 6V电源设计......................错误！未定义书签。3.3.3 12V电源设计.........................错误！未定义书签。

3.3.4 15V电源设计.....................错误！未定义书签。3.3 整体电路图.............................错误！未定义书签。4 系统调试与结果分析...........................错误！未定义书签。

4.1 调试步骤与测试数据.....................错误！未定义书签。

4.1.1 电流测试.........................错误！未定义书签。4.1.2 频率测试.........................错误！未定义书签。4.1.3 波形测试.........................错误！未定义书签。4.1.4 电压测试.........................错误！未定义书签。4.2 测试结果分析...........................错误！未定义书签。5 技术改进与误差分析...........................错误！未定义书签。结 论.......................................错误！未定义书签。参考文献.......................................错误！未定义书签。致 谢.......................................错误！未定义书签。声 明.......................................错误！未定义书签。附 录.......................................错误！未定义书签。