成都理工大学国际经济学重点英文名词解释_国际金融名词解释英文

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1refers to the degree of advantage.Country A can have a absolute advantage over B in commodities X and Y.But if the degree of advantage is greater in X, we say that it has a comparative advantage in X, and comparative disadvantage in Y.The opposite is true for Country B.2to comparative advantage.It requires only a comparison of the internal cost ratios between the two countries.34’s resources and to its growth rate.（Dynamic gains from international trade are to increase a country's growth rate and the volume of additional resources employed by the trading country as well as other benefits.5an exchange between countries of totally different products.It is explained by factor-endowment model 6by economies of scale model and yields a dual benefit to consumer:cheaper goods and greater variety

7the tariff rate that maximizes the difference between the gain from improved terms of trade and the lo from reduced volume of trade.For a small country,the optimum tariff is the zero because there is no improvement in the terms of trade.8two or more countries abolishing trade restrictions among themselves and setting up a common and uniform tariff against outsiders. 9themselves but each keeping its own tariff rates against outsiders

10an agreement between an exporting and a importing country of a certain commodity,under which the first agrees to restrict exports to the second country.Because it restricts supply ,it raises the price in the importing country.VERs are being phased out under a WTO agreement.11of governments that agree to restrict trade in a commodity.It includes only suppliers.1213the sale of a commodity abroad at a price lower than what it fetches in the home country.Often it is a result of a monopolist discriminating between the domestic and foreign markets.14product that it exports.15feature of “globalization” is the ever increasing flow of private capital between countries,especially in the form of direct foreign investment.16:is favorable to world welfare because it rationally reorganizes production within the union.1718“specialization” and “reallocation of existing resources”