机械设计制造及其自动化专业英语期末考试题库_机械设计期末考试题库
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机械设计制造及其自动化专业英语期末考试题库
（农大专用）
英译汉
1.tolerance公差2.computer-aided manufacturing计算机辅助制造3.numerically controlled machines数控机床4.necking颈缩5.turning，drilling and boring operation
6.formability and machinability成形与可加工性7.aembly lines装配线8.dimensional accuracy尺寸精度9.cro-sectional area横截面积10.percentage elongation伸长率
11.structural strength结构强度12.stre-strain curver应力应变曲线13.quenching and internal strees淬火和内应力14.earthmoving and construction equipment土建设备
15.straightening operation16.cracking and distortoon断裂和扭曲变形17.light service at fractional horsepower小马力轻载18.screw pump螺杆泵19.steel sheet and rolled-steel shapes钢板和滚压成型钢20.straightening operation矫正操作21.sensing devices 传感器
21.digital or pulse motor数字与脉冲马达22.drilling钻 boring镗 reaming铰gear-cutting operations齿轮加工
汉译英
1.切削刀具cutting tools2.紧固件，如螺母fasteners such as nuts3.刚和铸铁steels and cast irons4.马氏体和奥氏体martensite and autenite5.机械特性mechanical properties
6.computer-aided manufacturing计算机辅助制造7.数控系统numerically controlled systems
8.大批量生产技术ma production techology9.控制单元control units10.靠模附件profiling attachment11.弹性模量和伸长率elastic modulus and percentage elongation12.规模经济economy of scale13.闭环系统close-loop system14.有色金属non-ferrous15.液压系统hydraulic system 16.弹性和屈服极限elastic and yield limit17.低碳钢和合金钢low-carbon steel and alloy steel18.龙门刨工作台pianner-table
短句：
1、low carbon steels do not become hard when subjected to such a heat treatment, because of the small amount of carbon contained.当经历热处理、低碳钢不会变硬、因为含有少量碳。
2、most simply, engineering is the art of directing the great source of power in nature for the use and the convenience of man.简单的说,工程是伟大的艺术指导的权力来源自然的使用和方便的人。
3、Manufacturing procees may be unit production with small quantities being made and ma production with large numbers of identical parts being produced.制造工艺可以分为被制造的小量产品和大量相同零件被制造。
4、Computer simulations to develop the optimum/tempetature conditions for the specified steel parts.计算机仿真可以为特殊钢部件达到最佳的时间和温度条件.5、These machines can be easily dismantled(not “taken into pieces”）and reaembled(not “put together again”)after being examined.这些机器易拆易装，便于检修
6、在金属加工工业中，一个共同的目标就是降低成本，并减小钢件的变形量。The simultaneous lowering of costs,optimization of performance and minimization of distortion of steel parts is a goal common to all in the metalworking industry.7、在弹性范围内，载荷被卸载后，事件的变形消失Within the elastic range,when the load is removed it can be seen that the deformation disappears.。
8、要成为一个名副其实的内行,需要学到老.To become a real expert, you need to learn.9、即使绝对纯金属可以生产出来，工程师们对它并不特别感兴趣.Engineers would not be
particularly interested in such a metal even if it were to be produced.10、除了车床外，铣床大概是当今制造业中被使用的最通用的机床.Milling machines are probably the most versatilc machine tools used in modern manufacturing with the exception of the lathe.11、金属和非金属的差异一般很难界定.The distinction between a metal and a nonmetal is not always clear cut.长句：
Allowable working stre is taken as a proportion of the yield or proof stre；that is，the component is only streed within its elastic range when in service．For example, consider the screwed fastening shown in Fig.1.l.When the nut is tightened normally the bolt is stretched slightly and，providing it is streed within its elastic range，it will behave like a very powerful spring and will pull the joint faces together very firmly．
许用应力和屈服应力是成比例的，也就是说，在它工作的弹性极限极限范围内只受许用应力，例如，图1.1中螺杆的紧固，当螺母被正常轻微的拧紧时，在它的弹性范围内会提供一个应力，就像弹簧一样，使它们面对面的紧固的结合在一起。
Grinding machines utilize abrasive grains, bonded into various shapes and sizes of wheels and belts to be used as the cutting agent.Grinding operations are used to impart a high-quality surface finish on the workpiece.In addition, the dimensional accuracy of the workpiece is improved since tolerances of 0.00001 in.[0.00025mm] are poible in grinding operations.Both internal and external surfaces can be ground by using the variety of grinding machines available.Related operations—which use abrasivesin various forms such as paste, powder, and grains—include lapping, honing, and drum finishing.磨床是将磨粒粘接在不同形状和尺寸的磨轮和砂带进行切削。磨削会使工件表面有较高质量。另外，用磨床操作使工件的尺寸公差提高到0.00025mm成可能，用各种不同的磨床对内外表面进行磨削，相关操作应用各种不同形式磨粒，如糊状，粉状和粒状--还包括研磨，珩磨和鼓磨。
Economic manufacturing does：
制造的经济性并不是“自然产生”的，它开始于设计阶段，并且需要考虑机床、工艺、公差和表面质量的实际限制。不管尺寸公差还是表面粗糙度都不应该规定得比实用功能或设计所要求的精度极限更小，这样做了才可确保成本尽可能低，生产周期尽可能短的优势。
The complete design of a machine is a complex proce.The machine design is a creative work.Project engineer not only must have the creativity in the work, but also must in aspect and so on mechanical drawing, kinematics, engineerig material, materials mechanics and machine manufacture technology has the deep elementary knowledge.任何产品在设计时第一步就是选择产品每个部分的构成材料。许多的材料被今天的设计师所使用。对产品的功能，它的外观、材料的成本、制造的成本作出必要的选择是十分重要的。对材料的特性必须事先作出仔细的评估。
One of the first steps in the design of any product is to select the material from which each part is to be made.Numerous materials are available to today's designers.The function of the product, its appearance, the cost of the material, and the cost of fabrication are important in making a selection.A careful evaluation of the properties of a.material must be made prior to any calculations.仔细精确的计算是必要的，以确保设计的有效性。在任何失败的情况下，最好知道在最初设计中有有缺陷的部件。计算（图纸尺寸）检查是非常重要的。一个小数点的位置放错，就可以导致一个本可以完成的项目失败。设计工作的各个方面都应该检查和复查。
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