物流英语_物流英语翻译

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物流术语：

logistics 物流

replenishment 补给；补充

inventory 存货，；财产清册；总量；库存 warehousing 仓库费；仓库贮存 commodity 日用品 customer service 客户服务 scheduling 时间进度安排 reliability 可靠性 availability 可得性 transaction 交易 warranty 质量保证书 dispatch 调度，发送，配送

logistics procees 物流过程；物流进程 Pareto curve 帕累托曲线 procurement 采购 stock control 库存控制

finished goods warehouse 成品仓库 fleet 车（船）队 beneficiary 受益人 notification 通知 picking 拣货

invoicing 开发票；发货单 benchmark 基准 contingency 偶发事件

national distribution centers(NDCs)全国配送中心

regional distribution centers(RDCs)地区配送中心

ISO container 国际标准化集装箱 tote bin 搬运箱

SKU stock keeping unit 最小存货单位 stockle depots 无存货仓库 tranhipment depot 转运站 deadline 最终期限

bar-coding 条形码编制bar-code 条形码 quarantine 隔离；检疫 order picking 订单拣选

stretch and shrink-wrapping 伸缩包装 roll cage pallet 滚笼式托盘

random location systems 随机定位系统 economic order quantity(EOQ)经济订购批量

stock-outs 缺货 safety stock 安全库存 stock-holding 库存维持 sub-optimization 次佳效应 unit cost 单元成本；单位价格 dead stock 死库存

FMCG fast moving consumer goods 快速消费品

capital cost 资本；成本 reorder 再订购 fixed interval 固定期just-in-time 即时库存，零库存

customer’s order cycle time 顾客订货周期 lead-time gap 前滞期间隙 order-to-delivery 订货交付

supply chain mapping 供应链计划图

WIP work in proce 按程序工作work-in-proce 在制品

VMI vendor management inventory 供应商管

理库存

CRP continuous replenishment 连续补货

EPOS electronic point-of-sale 电子销售点

QR quick response 快速反应

ECR efficient consumer response 有效客户

反应

EDI electronic data interchange 电子数据交

换

CMI co-management inventory 共同管理库

存

line-haul rate 长途运输费

depreciation 跌价；折旧

containerized freight 集装箱货运

variable cost 可变成本fixed cost 固定成本 hauler 承运人 re-consignment 再交付 LTL le-than truckload 零担货运LTC le-than container 拼箱货运 flatcar 平台货车 TOFC trailer on flatcar 铁路平板车 stevedoring cost 装卸成本 charter 租；包（船、车等）tramp 不定期货船

Logistics: The proce of planning, implementing, and controlling the efficient, effective flow and storage of goods, services, related information from point of origin to point of consumption for the purpose of conforming to customer requirements.Note that this definition includes inbound, outbound, internal and external movements, and return of materials for environmental purposes.物流：物流是对货物、服务及相关信息从起源地到消费地的有效率的、有效益的流动和储存进行计划、执行和控制，以满足顾客要求的过程。该过程包括流入、流出、内部和外部的移动及以环境保护为目的的物料回收。

Logistics: The proce of planning, implementing, and controlling the efficient, cost effective flow and storage of raw materials, in-proce inventory, finished goods and related information from point of origin to point of consumption for the purpose of meeting customer requirement.物流：物流是对原材料、在制品库存、产成品及相关信息从起源地到消费地的有效率的、有效益的流动和储存进行计划、执行和控制，以满足顾客需求的过程。

Important elements of logistics include the following categories:物流的重要因素有：

 Storage, warehousing and materials handling 储存，仓储和物料搬运

 Location of warehouses仓库位置

 Number and size of distribution depots配送仓库的数量和大小

 Type of operation经营类型

 Etc等等

 Transport运输

 Mode of transport运输模式

 Type of delivery operation交易方式

 Load planning装卸计划

 Route schedule配送路线

 Etc等等

 Inventory库存

 What to stock存什么

 Where to stock存放在哪

 How much to stock怎样存放

 Etc等等

 Information and control信息和控制

 Design of systems系统设计

 Control of procedures控制程序

 Forecasting预测

 Etc等等

 Packaging and unitization包装和单位化

 Unit load装卸单位

 Protective packaging保护包装

 Handling systems搬运（处理）系统

 Etc等等

It is useful, at this point to consider logistics in the context of busine and the economy as a whole.Logistics is an important activity making extensive use of the human and material resources that affects a national economy.把企业和社会经济作为一个整体的背景来考虑物流问题是很有帮助的。物流是一项影响国民经济，充分利用人力和物料资源的重要活动。

Once the positive need for a customer service policy has been recognized and accepted, it is neceary to determine the basic requirements and format of this policy.These might include:  An understanding of the different market segments that exist;

 An awarene of the customers needs or perceived needs within this segmentation;

 The determination of clearly defined and quantifiable standards of customer service in

relation to the different market segments;

 An understanding of the trade-off between the costs and levels of customer service;

 Measurement of the service provided;

 Liaison with customers to ensure an understanding and appreciation of the service provided.一项肯定的必要的客户服务政策一旦被认可和接受，就有必要决定基本需求和安排这项策略。这可能包括：

理解存在的不同细分市场；

在不同的细分市场里发掘客户需求；

对于不同的细分市场，确定清晰明确的可量化的客户服务标准；

理解客户服务成本与水平之间的交换关系；

衡量所提供的服务；

联系客户以确保理解和正确评价所提供的服务。

What then are the key logistics procees? These will, as expected, vary between different companies, sectors and different industries.Typical examples are: 那么关键的物流过程是什么？这随公司、部门和行业的不同而不同，典型的过程有：

 Order fulfillment完成订单

 New product introduction新产品的引进

 New product development新产品的开发

 Product returns产品回收

 The provision of spares备用品的供给

 Information management信息管理

There are other aociated procees that could also be relevant, such as:还有其他一些相关过程，比如：

 Supplier integration供应商的整合 Quality质量控制

 Strategic management战略管理

 Human resource management人力资源管理

 Environmental management环境管理

A typical Pareto curve is shown in Figure 3-3.In this example, which is common to most companies, 20 percent of the product lines or SKUs(stock keeping units)are responsible for 80 percent of the sales in value of the company’s products.This type of relationship holds true for many relationships in logistics and distribution the most important customers and the most important suppliers, etc.一个典型的帕累托曲线如图3-3所示。这个曲线表明，大部分公司都靠产品线或库存中20%的产品获利。在物流和配送中也存在这种现象——20%的最重要的客户、最重要的供应商等。

Capital cost: the cost of the physical stock.This is the financing charge that is the current cost of capital to a company or the opportunity cost of tying up capital that might otherwise be producing a return if invested elsewhere.This is almost always the largest of the different elements of inventory cost.资金成本：物资存储成本。对一个公司来说这是一种那个财政支出或者机会成本，即如果把这些钱投资别的项目带来的回报。这几乎是库存成本因素中占比例最大的因素。

The total time it takes to complete the manufacture and supply of a product is often known as the logistics lead-time.Customers are generally prepared to wait for limited period of time before an order is delivered.This is the customer’s order cycle time.The difference between the logistics lead-time and that customer’s order cycle time is often known as the lead-time gap.完成产品的生产和供应所花费的总的时间通常被称为物流前置期。在订单履行之前消费者通常愿意等待有限的时间，这是消费者的订单周期时间。物流前置期和消费者的订单周期时间的区别被称为前置期差距。

Specially, fixed costs are those for roadway acquisition and maintenance, terminal facilities, transport equipment, and carrier administration.Variable costs usually include line-haul costs such as fuel and labor, equipment maintenance, handling, and pickup and delivery.特别要指出的是，固定成本是指公路使用和保养费、终点码头设备费、运输设备费和运输管理费等。可变成本经常包括长途运输费，例如燃料费、劳务费、设备维修费、搬运费以及集货配货费。