单词后缀整理_英语单词后缀篇
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以ion, age, ne, ty, ship, ace, ance, ancy, ence, ency, dom, itude, um, mony 结尾的大都是名词; 以ize, ise, fy结尾的大都是动词;
以ive, ent, ant, ful, ous, able, ary, ic, cal, le结尾的是大都是形容词;
以ly, s, ways, wise 结尾的大都是副词。
1.名词后缀
1)-or/er/e/crat/cis:做某件事情或职业的人或物:worker, debtor ,actre, democrat,2)-acy, 表示“性质,状态,境遇” democracy, accuracy, diplomacy
3)-ance,-ence表示“性质,状况,行为,过程,总量,程度” importance, diligence, difference, obedience
4)-ancy,-ency, 表示”性质,状态,行为,过程“ frequency, urgency, efficiency,5)-bility, 表示”动作,性质,状态“ poibility, flexibility, feasibility,6)-dom, 表示”等级,领域,状态“ freedom, kingdom, wisdom
7)-hood, 表示”资格,身份, 年纪,状态“ childhood, manhood, falsehood
8)-ion,-sion,-tion,-ation,-ition, 表示”行为的过程,结果,状况“ action, solution, conclusion, destruction, expreion, correction
9)-ism, 表示”制度,主义,学说,信仰,行为“ socialism, criticism, colloquialism, heroism
10)-ity, 表示”性质,状态,程度” purity, reality, ability, calamity
11)-ment, 表示“行为,状态,过程,手段及其结果 treatment, movement, judgment, punishment, argument
12)-ne, 表示”性质,状态,程度“ goodne, kindne, tiredne, friendline
13)-ship, 表示”情况,性质,技巧,技能及身份,职业” hardship, membership, friendship
14)-th, 表示“动作,性质,过程,状态” depth, wealth, truth, length, growth
15)-tude, 表示“性质,状态,程度” latitude, altitude(海拔)
16)-ure, 表示“行为,结果” exposure, preure, failure, procedure(手续),17-grapy, 表示“„„学,写法” biography, calligraphy, geography
18)-ic, ics, 表示“„„学„„法” logic, mechanics, electronics, linguistics
19)-ology, 表示“„„学„„论”biology, zoology, technology(工艺学)
20)-nomy, 表示“„„学„„术” astronomy(天文学), economy, bionomy(生态学)
2.形容词后缀
(1)带有“属性,倾向,相关”的含义
1)-able,-ible, visible, flexible2)名词-ish, foolish, bookish, selfish(注意accomplish, vanish)
3)-ive, active, sensitive, productive 4)-like, manlike, childlike
5)名词-ly, manly, fatherly, scholarly, motherly 6)-some, troublesome, handsome
7)-ful, beautiful, wonderful, helpful, truthful
8)-ous, dangerous, generous, courageous, various9)-ent, violent
10)-most, foremost, topmost(11)le, 表示否定,countle, stainle, wirele
3.动词后缀
1)-ize, ise, 表示“做成,变成,„„化“modernize, mechanize, democratize, organize
2)-en, 表示”使成为,引起,使有” quicken, weaken, soften, harden
3)-fy, 表示“使„„化, 使成”beautify, purify, intensify, signify, simplify
4)-ish, 表示”使,令” finish, abolish, diminish, establish
5)-ate, 表示“成为„„,处理,作用” separate, operate, indicate
4.副词后缀
(形容词)-ly:bad→badly坏地/恶劣地,careful→carefully小心地
-wise(OE):clock→clockwise(a./adv.)顺时针方向的(地);like→likewise同样地-wards:out→outwards向外面地,north→northwards向北方地 来源