苏州大学《细胞生物学(双语)》课程教学大纲_双语课程教学大纲

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苏州大学《细胞生物学（双语）》课程教学大纲

课程类别：专业基础课程

授课对象：生物科学、生物技术、生物信息等专业本科生 开课学期：第3-5学期 学

分：3学分

指定教材：Gerald Karp, 《Cell and Molecular Biology: concepts and experiments》, 2008, 5th edition.教学目的细胞生物学是生物科学领域发展迅速、引人注目的重要学科，有关细胞生物学研究是现代生命科学的重要支柱之一，因而它已成为当今生物科学类专业本科生必修的一门主干课程。通过细胞生物学（双语）课程的学习，要求学生达到如下目标：掌握细胞生物学中的基础知识和基本理论。2 熟悉细胞生物学的基本研究手段和实验方法。主动了解细胞生物学的最新研究进展和动态。能将细胞生物学的基本理论融会到后续课程的学习中，从而领悟细胞生物学在整个生命科学中的重要地位。

Chapter 01 Introduction to Cells and Cell Biology

2学时 教学内容

1.The discovery of cells 2.Cell theory

3.Why the cells the basic units of life? 4.Basic properties of cells 5.The size of cells

6.Prokaryotes and eukaryotes 7.Model organisims

8.Cell replacement therapy 9.How to learn cell biology? 思考题

1.细胞学说的内容

2.如何理解细胞是生命体的基本单位 3.如何理解细胞的全能性 4.细胞的基本特性

5.真核细胞与原核细胞的比较 6.模式生物的意义和主要种类 7.细胞替代疗法的意义和策略

Chapter 02 Chemical Basis of Life

教学内容 1.Atoms 2.Chemical bonds

3.Polar and nonpolar molecules 4.The carbon atom

2学时

5.Functional groups

6.Organic molecules in cells biochemicals 7.From atoms to the cells 思考题

1.细胞的主要化学元素和化学键类型 2.细胞内分子的极性和亲水性特点

Chapter 03 Membrane Structure

教学内容

1.Typical plasma membrane

Plasma membrane, Endomembrane system, Biomembrane

2.Plasma membrane structure 3.Membrane lipids Phospholipids，Three main types of membrane lipids 4.Nature of the lipid bilayer Micelle，Lipid bilayer formation, Self-sealing property, Liposome，Fluidity of lipid bilayer，4学时

Lipid rafts

5.Membrane proteins Integral proteins, Peripheral proteins, Lipid-anchored proteins

6.Techniques for studying membrane proteins Freeze-fracture replication, SDS-PAGE，2-D Gel Electrophoresis 7.Membrane carbohydrates Glycolipids, Glycoproteins

8.Characteristics of biomembrane Membrane fluidity and flexibility, Membrane asymmetry, Dynamic nature of membrane 9.Red blood cell 思考题

1.膜脂和膜蛋白的类型和特点 2.膜结构模型的要点 3.膜的主要特性及其意义 4.膜蛋白研究的主要技术

Chapter 04 Membrane Transport and Membrane Potential

4学时 教学内容

1.Movement of solutes acro cell membrane 2.Simple diffusion

Concentration gradient and electrochemical gradient Diffusion of solutes Diffusion of water Diffusion of ions 3.Facilitated diffusion 4.Active transport

Three ways of driving active transport Sodium-potaium pump

Three claes of ATP driven pumps Cotranport

5.Membrane potentials and nerve impulses Resting potential Action potential

Propagation of action potential Neurotransmiion 思考题

1.被动运输与主动运输的比较和类型 2.简单扩散的影响因素

3.水通道的作用特点 4.离子通道的类型

5.KcsA通道和Kv通道的结构和作用特点比较 6.易化扩散的特点和葡萄糖扩散的机制 7.钠钾泵的作用机制和意义 8.离子泵的类型和比较

9.协同运输的机制和类型，葡萄糖吸收的机制 10.静息电位和动作电位的产生原理

11.动作电位传播的机制，神经肌连接的作用机制

Chapter 05 Intracellular Compartments

教学内容

1.Compartmentalization of eukaryotic cells Cytoplasmic matrix(cytosol)Endomembrane system

Dynamic nature of the endomembrane system 2.Approaches to the study of endomembranes Autoradiography Subcellular fractionation GFP

Cell-free system Genetic mutants

3.Endoplasmic reticulun(ER)

4学时

Structure and functions of RER and SER 4.Golgi complex The polarity of GC The functions of GC 5.Lysosomes

Characteristics of lysosomes The functions of lysosomes 6.Cell nucleus

Nuclear envelope consists of two membranes The nuclear lamina

The nuclear pore complex(NPC)思考题

1.如何理解内膜系统的动态性 2.研究内膜系统的主要方法 3.内质网的结构特点和功能 4.高尔基体的结构特点和功能 5.溶酶体的结构特点和功能

6.核膜的结构组成，核纤层和核孔复合体的特点

Chapter 06 Protein Sorting

教学内容

1.Road map of protein traffic

Proteins are imported into organelles by three mechanisms

4学时

Sorting signal Signal sequence

2.Transport between the nucleus and cytosol Nuclear localization signal(NLS)Nuclear transport receptors

Import of proteins from cytoplasm into nucleus Nuclear export works like nuclear import, but in reverse 3.Transport of proteins into mitochondria and chloroplasts The protein translocators in the mitochondrial membranes Transport into matrix space Transport into the outer membrane

Transport into the inner mitochondrial membrane and intermembrane space Two signal sequences direct proteins to the thylakoid membrane in chloroplasts 4.Transport of proteins into peroxisomes 5.Transport of proteins from cytosol to ER Co-translational and post-translational import Signal hypothesis 思考题

1.蛋白质运输的三种途径 2.蛋白质分选信号的类型和特点 3.核输入和核输出的意义和机制 4.蛋白质定位于线粒体不同部位的机制

5.蛋白质合成和运输的两种不同途径 6.新生肽如何输入内质网

Chapter 07 Vesicular Transport

4学时 教学内容 1.Coated vesicles

Different coats in vesicular transport Clathrin-coated vesicles COP Ⅱ-coated vesicles COP Ⅰ-coated vesicles

2.Rab proteins guide vesicle targeting 3.SNAREs mediate membrane fusion 4.Endocytosis Phagocytosis Pinocytosis 5.Exocytosis 思考题

1.膜泡定向运输的决定因素 2.溶酶体酶是如何合成和运输的 3.Rab蛋白在膜泡运输中的作用和机制 4.SNARE在介导膜融合中的作用机制 5.微管在膜泡运输中的作用

6.如何理解高尔基体在蛋白质分选中的枢纽作用

··7.胞吞作用的意义和类型，LDL摄入的机制

Chapter 08 Cytoskeleton

6学时 教学内容 1.Microtubules Structure and composition

MAPs(microtubule-aociated proteins)Dynamics of MT aembly MTOCs

Drugs affecting MT aembly Motor proteins Cilia and flagella 2.Microfilaments Structure and composition MF aembly and disaembly Cytochalasin and phalloidin Actin-binding peoteins Myosins

Muscle contractility Nonmuscle motility 3.Intermediate filaments Structure and composition IF aembly and disaembly

Functions of IF 4.Nuclear matrix 思考题

1.细胞骨架的类型和主要功能 2.微管的结构和组装特点

3.MTOC的作用和中心体的结构特点 4.马达蛋白的类型和与微管的相互作用 5.纤毛和鞭毛的结构基础 6.微丝的结构和组装特点

7.不同的微丝结合蛋白和myosis与微丝的相互作用8.肌肉收缩的微丝作用机制 9.微丝在细胞运动中的作用 10.中等纤维的结构和组装特点 11.中等纤维的不同类型和功能

Chapter 09 DNA and Chromosome

教学内容

1.Components of chromatin Component of chromatin---DNA Component of chromatin---histone Component of chromatin---nonhistone 2.Nucleosome—structural unit of chromatin Summary of nucleosome structure

4学时

3.Higher levels of chromatin structure 4.Euchromatin and heterochromatin 5.X-chromosome inactivation Features of X chromosome inactivation Mechanism of X chromosome inactivation 6.Structure of the mitotic chromosome Centromere;Kinetochore;Telomere

7.Giant chromosomes and Lampbrush chromosomes思考题

1.染色质和染色体的化学组成及关系 2.核小体的结构要点 3.染色体包装的主要模型

4.常染色质与异染色质的概念和意义 5.X-染色体失活的意义、特征和机制 6.染色体的主要结构

7.巨染色体与灯刷染色体的概念和意义

Chapter 10 Cell Cycle

教学内容 1.Cell cycle Cell cycle phases

6学时

Cell cycle length

Categories of cells in vivo based on proliferative states Synchronization of cells

Main biochemical events of cell cycle phases 2.Mitosis

Key features during prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase Cytokinesis 3.Meiosis 4.MPF

Discovery of MPF Role of MPF

Regulation of MPF activity

5.Diversity of cyclin-CDK complexes 6.Checkpoints in cell-cycle control G1 checkpoint(START/ Restriction point)G2 checkpoint(unreplicated-DNA checkpoint)M checkpoint(spindle-aembly checkpoint)chromosome-segregation checkpoint DNA-damage checkpoint

思考题

1.细胞根据增殖状态的分类 2.细胞周期同步化的主要方法 3.间期的意义和各时相的主要特点

4.结合纺锤体组装分析有丝分裂M期各阶段动态 5.减数分裂的特点、联会和联会复合体 6.MPF的本质、功能和活性调节 7.主要的检验点控制机制

Chapter 11 Cell Differentiation

教学内容

1.Differentiation potency of cells Concept and eence of cell differentiation House-keeping gene and Luxury gene Mechanism of differential gene expreion Cell totipotency

Change of totipotency during embryonic development Significance of Dolly Transdifferentiation

2.Individual development and cell differentiation Cell differentiation and cell determination Key mechanisms of cell differentiation 3.Stem cell

4学时

Categories of stem cells Patterns of stem-cell division Embryonic stem cell(ES cell)Adult/tiue stem cell Stem cells plasticity

Induced pluripotent stem(iPS)cells 4.Cancer cell

Benign tumor and malignant tumor Basic properties of cancer cells The causes of cancer

Tumor-suppreor genes and oncogenes New strategies for combating cancer 思考题

1.House-keeping gene和Luxury gene的概念及与细胞分化本质的关系 2.如何理解发育过程中的细胞全能性 3.细胞决定的机制及在分化中的意义 4.干细胞的基本特性和分类

5.ES细胞的主要来源、形态和生化特征 6.iPS细胞的概念和意义 7.癌细胞的主要形态和生理特征 8.原癌基因和抑癌基因的概念 9.Rb和p53基因的意义和分子机制

Chapter 12 Apoptosis

4学时 教学内容

1.Cell aging/senescence Hayflick limitation

Lifespan of cells in vitro culture Characteristics of cell aging Theories of cell aging

2.Cell apoptosis/Programmed cell death Significance of cell apoptosis Characteristics of cell apoptosis Two styles of the cell death

3.Molecular mechanisms of apoptosis

Extrinsic pathway of apoptosis－receptor-mediated pathway Intrinsic pathway of apoptosis－mitochondria-mediated pathway Apoptosis is carried out by the caspase cascade

Evolutionarily conserved apoptotis pathway in C.elegans and vertebrates 思考题

1.Hayflick界限和体外培养细胞的寿命 2.细胞衰老的特征和主要理论 3.细胞凋亡的意义和特征

4.受体介导和线粒体介导的细胞凋亡途径以及caspase级联的机制 5.线虫凋亡的基因调控机制

Chapter 13 Cell Signal Transduction

6学时 教学内容

1.Overview of cell signal transduction Signal transduction

Main types of cell communication Receptors

2.G-protein-linked receptor and secondary meenger G-protein-linked receptor G-protein and its mechanism Second meenger cAMP signaling pathway Double meenger system 3.Enzyme-linked receptor Receptor tyrosine kinases(RTKs)RTK-Ras signaling pathway RTK-PIP2 pathway RTK-PI3K pathway

JAK-STAT signaling pathway 4.Intracellular receptor

The mechanism of the intracellular receptor The role of NO as a signal molecule

5.Role of calcium as an intracellular meenger

6.Signals that originate from contacts between the cell surface and the substratum

7.Important features of cell signaling 思考题

1.G蛋白耦联受体的概念和特征 2.G蛋白的概念、特点和作用机理

3.cAMP信号通路、肾上腺素升高血糖的细胞机制 4.PIP2信号通路

5.RTK的特点和Ras-MAPK信号途径 6.细胞内受体的特点和NO信号的作用 7.钙信使的特点和作用 8.信号转导的主要特点 参考书目

1．《Molecular Biology of the Cell》

Gerald Karp.2008 5th edition

2.《Molecular Cell Biology》

Harvey Lodish.2008 6th edition 3.《细胞生物学》

翟中和等主编

2007年 第三版