研究生网络教学英语作文_英语作文研究生作业
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新补充材料2
A.Using transitional expreions
1.表示次序关系：
Firstly, secondly, …Furthermore,Above allLast but not least First and most importantTo begin / start withIn the first place,in the second place
Lastly
2.表示层进关系
Additionally
Moreover
Likewise
equally important
on the one hand …
as well
3.表示转折关系
But
In contrast
Even so
Neverthele
Notwithstanding
On the contrary
In spite of
4.表示因果
due to
becauseMoreoverTo conclude,In the endEventuallyin additionbesides / alsofurthermorewhat is more similarthat isin other wordsnot only … but alsoone … the otheron the other handwhat’s moreagain WhileHowever YetThoughDespiteStillRegardle ofEven thoughOtherwiseBy contraryAt the same timeFor all that Instead the fact thatfor the simple reason that so thatconsequently
henceas a resultaccordingly thereforeso long asthus owing tonow thatfor / as Since
5.表示举例关系
such asfor exampleas an illustrationto illustrateas followsjust aslike
6.表示解释关系
As a matter of factFrankly speakingNamelyIn other words
7.表示比较关系
In comparison withLikewiseIn the same wayEquallyIn contrast with / toInsteadOn the contraryIn / by contrastCorrespondingly
8.表示总结关系
In conclusionIn summaryTo summarizeTo concludeIn allAll in allIn briefTo be briefIn a wordThat isIn termsIn sumAs has been mentioned
for instance a case in pointincludingIn this case SimilarlyBut ConverselyWhile To sum upOn the wholeIn shortBrieflyAltogetherTherefore
9.表示同位关系
that is to saythat isin other words oror rathernamely
10.表示过度关系
With reference toWith regard toRegardingConcerningAs forTo change the subjectBy the wayTo get back to the point
11.表示推理关系
Thenin other wordsor elseotherwiseif notthat impliesto put it more preciselyunder such circumstances
12.表示选择关系
rather thanalternativelynot … butwhether … orneither …nor
13.表示时间关系
after a whileafterwardsand thenas long asat lengthat that timeearliereventuallypresentlyshortlysubsequentlythereafterAs regardsAs toTalking ofin that caseif so
the conclusion iuch being the case instead of either … oragainat lastbeforemeanwhileso faruntil
until nowsoon
14.表示强调关系
of courseindeedabove all most importantwith great emphasis
Samples:
1.Teenage Smoking Soar
In the past fifteen years China has experienced an alarming increase in
teenage smoking.It rose from 8 percent in 1982 to 24 percent in 1995.The statistics look quite disturbing and cause people to ask why.The factors for a great rise in teenage smoking are complex.Some attribute
it to the increased standard of living which enables kids to have more pocket money, and others place the blame on cigarette advertising and the import of cigarettes, which give them easy acce to Marlboros.Whatever the causes, only particular external circumstances have been examined.The factors, actually, are psychological as well as social.Most young people begin to smoke just out of curiosity, they have a strong desire to experience the pleasure of smoking which is forbidden to them.They also have a subconscious feeling that smoking will make them mature and tough and sophisticated.When they light up a cigarette, and produce puffs of smoke carelely, they are under the illusion that they are grown-ups instead of kids and that they are admired rather than rejected by society.To help them get rid of such foolish ideas is the first step towards the effort
to prevent children from starting to smoke, and then we may conduct a more extensive campaign to make them aware of the dreadful consequences of taking up the habit.2.An Application Letter
Dear Sir
I was pleased to see your ad in the Xinmin Evening News on November 15, 2003 for a sales engineer.In July I will receive my Bachelor’s degree in Electronic Engineering from Fudan university, and I would like to be considered for the post.I believe I could do satisfactory work for your company because both my education and work experience have been in line with the duties you outlined in
your ad.As indicated in my attached resume, my main degree course is concerned with basic electronic topics.But I also have taken such courses as Market, Consumer Behavior Strategies and Psychology, and all available opportunities to increase my knowledge in both field.The fact that I am qualified for your job is substantiated（证明）not only by my academic achievement but also by the moderate amount of experience I gained in participation in an electronic project last summer.As for my English ability, I have already paed the national CET(Band4)with excellent results and I have even worked two summers as an English interpreter at shanghai Travel Service.I would welcome an opportunity to join your staff because your works is the kind I have been preparing to do and because the conditions under which it is carried out would help to expre my abilities.If you also feel that I might fit your requirements I would be available for an interview any time at your convenience.I would greatly appreciate any word you might send me regarding my application.SincerelyXXX
3.City Life and Suburban Life
In recent years more and more homes are being pushed outwards as the activities of busine, government and pleasure tend to be concentrated in the centers of the cities.Although most people are reluctant to move to the outskirts of the cities, I feel like living in the suburbs.It is true that the city can provide much convenience and entertainment, the very reason people can’t bear to part with city life.But the cost for the privilege of living in the city is also high.Just think of the places where we live, full of petrol fumes and toxic gases, torn by the roar of buses and lorries day and night, and thronged ceaselely by great crowds.Besides, as the housing problem in the city get more serious, people have to pay high rents for very tiny flats which I would certainly disdain to live in.In contrast, living near the countryside one can enjoy the clean atmosphere, the closene to nature and the quiet, peaceful surroundings---the eentials of a healthy life.Nothing can be compared, as the pace of modern life
is getting quicker, with the first cock crow, the twittering of birds at dawn, and sight of the rising sun glinting on the trees and green fields.Although living in the suburbs you may suffer a little discomfort brought about by the neceity of traveling miles to work every day, it means nearly nothing when you think of the constant threat under which the city-dwellers live as the crime rate in most cities is higher.The new suburban life is fast becoming a predominant pattern of living in most cities;and with the improvement of traffic and the perfection of services, it will prove to hold great superiority over city life.4.A Five-Day Week
For the first time in history, a five-day week was officially adopted acro China in May, 1995.It has found an immediate welcome and much popularity ever since.Indeed, there are many obvious advantages to a five-day week.First, it contributes to the nation’s economy, Since many Chinese factories are overequipped and overstaffed, with more workers idle, two days off a week will greatly reduce inefficiency and waste.Second, the two-day weekend provides an individual with time and leisure for personality development.With it, he is able to pursue his intellectual interests and other personal hobbies, a thing he has long desired but found impoible in the past when he only had one day off in a week and had barely enough time to arrange the household.Third, families like a longer weekend.Parents can have more time to be together with their children, and families can travel far to some vacation spots.A five-day week benefits more than individually and economically, and with the paage of time, it will show more profound significance.
