口译考试_上海口译考试

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3.2中国酒店

中国的酒店按照星级标准划分为一级、二级和三级酒店。

五星级和大多数的四星级酒店属于一级酒店。一级酒店的客房配备了全套浴室，冰箱，电话以及卫星电视。这些酒店都拥有可以通过中央空调设备调节气温的遥控。其他由酒店提供的附属设施包括如商务中心、会议设施、美容室、桑拿浴室、外汇和保龄球中心、迪斯科舞厅、游泳池、健身馆、饭店、咖啡厅、购物中心以及酒吧等，全天24小时开放。

二级酒店大致包括三星级酒店和一些二星级酒店。其客房设施和服务没有达到一级酒店的标准。不过，旅游团通常更乐意选择住二级酒店。

说到设施和服务，三级酒店看起来跟西方国家的汽车旅馆差不多。这些三级酒店的硬件设施自然比起那些二级酒店来是要差一些。但是，这些酒店的费用只需低于二级酒店价格的一半的价格。因此，也广受游客的喜欢。

3.3 史蒂夫 福布斯谈《福布斯》

我祖父20世纪初来到美国。他离开英格兰时身上没什么钱。连他在内兄弟姐妹10人，不过他自小就受到很好的教育。像许多人一样，他也是满怀憧憬和理想来到美国的。他创办了《福布斯》杂志，报道那些实干家，那些改变商业社会的人。

我祖父常说，做生意不是堆积百万财富，而是为带来幸福快乐。如今我们讲到公司、经营，文章中会用到许多数字，但焦点一直放在人上面。对公司来说，最重要的是人，而不是资产负债表。以前我祖父是这样看的，我们现在也是这样看的。

当前的世界信息泛滥，足以将人淹没，人们迫切需要一本刊物来解读这些信息，告诉读者哪些重要，哪些不重要。这就是《福布斯》的价值所在。我们提供额外的视角和判断。我们从不停留于表面，总想看看公司到底是如何经营的，正是当今芜杂繁多的信息使得《福布斯》日益重要。

3.4 Introduction to an arts and crafts company

Distinguished guests, dear friends,I feel honored to have this opportunity to introduce our company to you through the platform provided by this conference.Founded 15 years ago, we are a company specializing in the design, manufacture and sales of handicrafts.Fifteen years ago our staff numbered 50;now the figure is 1,700.Fifteen years ago we rented a facility covering a floor space of 4,500 square meters;now our own facility covers a floor space of 24,000 square meters.These figures speak loudly and clearly of our succe.Our leading products are various architectural exotic European cathedrals, the Empire State Building, the White House, and the Pentagon in the U.S., along with cartoon animal toys and Christmas gifts with a variety of designs.Our designs have become trend setters in the industry.Nowadays, our products are sold worldwide in more than twenty countries including Japan, Singapore, Australia, New Zealand, Canada, America, the UK, France, Italy, the Netherlands, Sweden, and Germany.They are well received by both local importers and customers.For fifteen years our output value has manifested an annual growth rate of 30%.4.4 Preserve core values of the Lunar New Year

To people of Chinese descent around the world, the Lunar New Year(also called Spring Festival)is undoubtedly the most important festival of the year.Dating back 3,000 years, it celebrates the paing of a peaceful year and welcomes a new year.The reunion dinner, eaten on New Year’s Eve, is the most special, with members of the extended family gathering for the most significant meal of the year.Even the absent members will endeavor to return home in time for it.It underscores the supreme importance of the family in Chinese culture, and aims at strengthening the sense of togetherne and cohesion.The way people celebrate the New Year embodies two important core values.The first value is the sense of family togetherne;members of multi-generation families are all there to have a big reunion dinner.Everyone will follow this custom.The female members are always held responsible for preparing the dinner, and some rich families may take on extra hands.The second value lies in the happy visits mutually made between friends and relatives, a good way to strengthen kinship and friendship.However, economic development has resulted in some changes in lifestyles.After a busy year, people are tired of preparing for the reunion dinner, and would rather hold their reunion dinner in posh restaurants, despite the exorbitant costs.The festival door-to door visits have given way to New Year greetings via telephone or text meages.Some families even go to such extremes as to travel and seek temporary refuge in a hotel so as to avoid being visited.Some tradition-minded people regard the reunion dinner and visits to relatives and close friends during the New Year as core values, without which the holiday would lose much of its significance.Some peimists contend that, as the popularity of western culture grows, Chinese traditional festivals gradually lose their original meaning and degenerate into commercial festivals like Christmas.The Spring Festival is an important part of the Chinese cultural heritage, and it will continue to be celebrated.The modes of celebration may change, but the core value should be sustained: that of respect for kinship and friendship.5.2 游览白宫

两百多年来，白宫作为美国总统、美国政府以及美国人民的标志一直屹立在那里。和这个国家的首都的历史一样，白宫的历史开始于1790年12月。华盛顿总统和城市设计师皮埃尔·雷芬一起选择该址作为新的居住地，即现在的宾夕法尼亚大街1600号。

1792年10月，当第一块奠基石造好的时候，白宫的建设就开始了。尽管华盛顿总统监督了白宫的建设，但是他从未入主白宫。直到1800年，也就是白宫临近竣工的时候，第一位入主者约翰·亚当斯总统和他的妻子阿比盖尔搬进了白宫。从那以后，每位入主白宫的总体都会改变原有的装潢或摆设，使得白宫以新面貌出现。

白宫有着极其独特和引人注目的历史。1814年，白宫曾被付之一炬。1929年，白宫的西翼也曾被纵火。白宫的内部全部修复过。尽管如此，其外围石墙就是两百多年前白宫建成时建造的。

在星期二至星期六这段时间的上午，白宫是全面开放的。而星期天和星期一，则不对外开放。所有在白宫内的旅游观光都是免费的。

在游客进入白宫时，通过安全检查后方可携带照相机入内。但是，在白宫内禁止拍照和录像。

9.3 Multivariate family planning policy in China

It has been over two decades since China adopted the Family Planning Policy.However, there still exist misunderstandings about this policy.People mistakenly think that China’s Family Planning Policy equals the One Child Policy, which allows

one couple to have only one child.Their impreion is that this policy is implemented more strictly in urban areas: in cities where people are better-off, one couple can have only one child, while in the poor rural areas, one couple can have two or three children.Furthermore, they think that the One Child Policy is the cause of gender imbalance.I will now clarify these misunderstandings.As a matter of fact, the policy adopted in the early 1980s is a multivariate policy called the Family Planning Policy, or the fertility policy.Its multivariate nature can be proved by two facts.First, the total fertility rate in China now stands at 1.8, which means there is more than one child per family in most areas.For example, there is generally only one child in a family in urban areas, but two in rural areas, and three in ethnic minority areas.In some areas, like Tibet, there are no restrictions at all on the number of children a family can have.We can tell from this fact that China’s Family Planning Policy varies in accordance with the economic and social development level of different areas.Secondly, China is seeing an unbalanced sex ratio at birth at the moment.The sex ratio at birth refers to the number of boys born per 100 girls born.This is not the same concept as the sex ratio of the total population.The unbalance is not entirely the result of the Family Planning Policy.I would like to cite two interesting examples.My first example is the ROK.In 1988, the sex ratio at birth in the ROK was 114, and the ratio now in China is 117.I believe there is no family planning policy in the ROK.My second example is Singapore, whose sex ratio at birth in1984 was 109.Why is it a common problem in Asia? There are two reasons.The first reason is the influence of traditional culture and ideology, that is, a preference for sons, which poses a great problem for the sex ratio at birth.Second, China’s unbalanced birth ratio is attributable to the poor social security in rural areas.The Chinese government has launched a nationwide Girl Care Project to hamper the rising sex ratio at birth.This project aims to educate the general public to abandon their traditional preference for male children and to advocate female children’s status and rights.Secondly, the Chinese government is also making an effort to establish and improve the social security system, particularly in rural areas.Thirdly, the phenomenon of allowing one child for urban families and two to three children for families in poor areas is called reverse selection of population quality.I have two points to make in the regard.The policy in rural areas is made in accordance with the economic situation there.The social security system is being gradually improved in rural areas.If a stringent One Child policy is to be introduced in this proce, the household insurance coverage is likely to be reduced for rural families.Therefore, the number of children allowed in rural families is dependent on the economic situation.10.3 中国与欧盟的关系

女士们、先生们、朋友们：

今天，我很荣幸给大家介绍欧盟的一些情况以及欧盟与中国的关系。

欧盟全称叫欧洲联盟，是在欧洲共同体基础上有25个独立的国家组成的，目的是为了加强政治、经济和社会合作。原来叫“欧共体”或“欧洲经济共同体”。

目前的25个成员国是：奥地利、比利时、丹麦、芬兰、法国、德国、希腊、爱尔兰、意大利、卢森堡、荷兰、葡萄牙、西班牙、瑞典、英国、塞浦路斯（希腊部分）、捷克共和国、爱沙尼亚、匈牙利、拉脱维亚、立陶宛、马耳他、波兰、斯洛伐克、斯洛文尼亚。欧盟25国总面积400平方公里，差不多半个中国的面积。总人口数为4.544亿，排行第三，仅次于中国和印度，约占世界总人口的7%。

欧盟同一货币为欧元，2002年一月正式启用。到目前为止，已经有12个欧盟国家用欧元取代其本国货币。同一货币使旅行和价格比较容易些，它还为欧洲的商业往来、刺激增长和竞争创造了一个稳定的环境。

目前为止，欧盟的国内生产总值逾10万亿美元。作为一个整体，这个规模与它的主要竞争对手美国差不多。经济总量和贸易总额分别占全球25%和35%。

欧盟与中国的关系十分良好。今年5月欧盟与中国就建交30周年了。去年，欧盟与中国的进出口贸易总额达到2，000亿欧元。德国是中国的最大贸易伙伴，英国、荷兰名列第二和第三。

欧盟正抓住当前这一大好历史机遇-团结曾经分裂的欧洲大陆，创造一个和平、稳定、民主的欧洲。这次欧盟的扩大还将创造一个几乎拥有5亿消费者的大市场，这个市场饱含经济的增长和不断繁荣的极大潜力。

我的话完了，谢谢大家！

11.3倾销与反倾销

如果一家公司以比自己国内正常市场价格更低的价格出口商品，即构成“倾销”。有些人认为这是不正当竞争但有些则持不同意见。但许多国家的政府采取一些行动抵制倾销行为以保护本国市场。世贸组织的协定并没有针对反倾销的制裁措施。它侧重于规定一些政府是否可以或者不可以对倾销行为采取行动-它通常被称为“反倾销协定”。

典型的反倾销行动的手段是指对特定的出口国的特定产品征收额外进口关税，以便将其价格接近“正常价值”或消除对进口国国内产业的损害。

一般而言，美国、欧盟、澳大利亚和加拿大一直是反倾销措施的主要支持者。四个传统成员发起的案件占了世贸组织反倾销案件总数的45%之多的记录。

为什么发展中国家容易被锁定？

首先，外向型经济容易引起贸易争端。由于积极从事出口是促进国内经济发展的捷径，许多发展中国家采取了出口型政策。因此，他们的经济比发达国家更依赖于对外贸易，发展中国家和发达国家难免会有许多摩擦冲突。

第二，发展中国家的出口价格非常低。由于劳动力比发达国家更便宜，产品成本低是可以理解的。此外，来自发展中国家的产品往往不是精心设计也不是成品，从而会影响价格。相反，发达国家的劳动密集型产业是夕阳产业，它们远远没有其他知识型产业有竞争力。产品价格在它们的国内市场上不合情理的高。这些因素容易引起国内产业和当局的注意。

12.4 The Secret of Nano Technology

The term nanotechnology may not sound unfamiliar any more.It has become a buzzword within the hi-tech community, but when asked what’s it about and its impact on our life, I’m afraid many people are not able to answer right away.In fact, it’s already a part of daily life for many.The promise of nanotechnology is almost unlimited.If you think nanotechnology is all in the future, think again.Nano trousers are already on sale in the United States.They feel like ordinary cotton trousers but there’s a thin nano layer, which resists spills and stains.So, if you spill your drink, this is what happens, it just runs off.The trousers aren’t even damp.So nano technology is the science of the very small.But how small is small? Well imagine I was shrunk to a 1,000 times smaller.I’d be about as big as the eye of a fly, but nano is even

smaller than that.In fact, much, much smaller.Imagine I was shrunk again, this time 10,000 times.I’d be about as big as a virus, but nano is even smaller than that.You’d have to shrink4 me another 100 times to get the nano version of me, a billion times smaller than the real me.Industry is already building devices on that scale.Here in Cambridge they’re making very thin nano layers of a plastic that emits light when electrical current runs through it.The technology will soon be on the market, in mobile phones with very bright, energy-saving displays.People will see these initially in fairly simple products like mobile phones but ultimately they will be in TV’s, and when the technology moves on to plastic, you’ll have the roll-down TV that you can put on your wall.Nanotechnology can also be applied to medicine.Ultimately, it will be applied in making a chip that can go into the body, which will release a drug or a whole variety of drugs at an aigned period of time, thus having a healing effect on the body.Nanotechnology can be used in many other fields which are closely related to our daily life as well.The promise of nanotechnology is almost unlimited.That’s why the government is backing itstrongly, yet still many critics fear poible side effects.