船舶轮机设备操作须知_船舶轮机设备维护须知

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船舶轮机设备操作须知 Instruction for operation of ship engine

1.主机 Main engine 1.1.航前备车

Stand by main engine before sailing 滑油系统的准备

Preparation for lube oil system 1.1.1.检查循环柜滑油油位是否在正常位置。

Check oil level in main engine lubricating oil circulating tank.1.1.1.1.起动主机油泵，检查机油系统压力警报器和温度自动调节器是否处于正常位置。Start up main engine lube oil pump, check engine oil system preure alarm and automatic temperature controller in normal condition.1.1.2.冷却水系统准备

Preparation for water cooling system 1.1.2.1.检查膨胀水位是否正常将暖缸（热机）阀转回后，起动气缸冷却水泵应检查压力，警报和自动调温器是否正常并起动水泵。

Check the level in FW expansion tank.After changing over the warming jacket valve, start up jacket cooling water pump and check preure, alarm and automatic temperature controller, then start water pump.1.1.2.2.设有独立油头冷却系统的，要检查其膨胀柜液位，压力警报，自动调温器是否正常，起动其冷却泵。

If independent fuel valve cooling system is equipped, check the level of expansion tank, preure alarm, automatic temperature controller, then start cooling pump.1.1.2.3.检查冷却海水系统各阀是否在正常位置（海水泵可待温度升高后才起动）。

Check various valves of seawater cooling system is in normal position or not.(Seawater pump can be started only after temperature increases.)1.1.3.燃油系统的准备Preparation for fuel system 1.1.3.1.检查柴油日用柜油位，放出残水，检查燃油系统各阀是处于正常位置。

Check oil level of diesel oil service tank and drain off the residual water.Check various valve of fuel system is operational.1.1.3.2.起动燃油增压泵，检查系统压力警报是否正常。必要时放掉主机油头空气。

Start up fuel booster pump, check system preure alarm.If neceary, should vent from fuel valves.1.1.4.起动空气系统的准备Preparation for starting air system 1.1.4.1.检查主起动伐及缸头起动阀，是否灵活并加滑油。

Check main starting valve and cylinder head starting valves for normal operation and oiling.1.1.4.2.检查空气压力，放掉空气瓶内的残水并检查其压力警报是否处于正常状态。

Check air preure and drain off water from air bottle.Check preure alarm in normal state or not.1.1.4.3.检查空气压缩机及有关阀门，是否正常（机动操纵时，一般用两台空气压缩机供气）。Check air compreor and related valve normal or not.(When maneuvering, generally two air compreors to be put into use)1.1.4.4.打开空气瓶的出口阀和通往主机的空气阀。

Open the outlet valve of air bottle and air valve to main engine.1.1.4.5.打开自动控制系统的空气阀，并检查各控制空气压力，及其警报是否正常（如用液压控制，即检查其有关阀门起动液压泵，并检查其压力警报是否正常）。

Open the air valve of auto-control system, check various air preure and related alarm.(If hydraulic control is used, check related valve, start hydraulic pump and check related hydraulic alarm.)1.1.4.6.检查通往气笛系统的空气阀是否开启。Check air valve to the air whistle in open.1.1.4.7.检查增压器透平油泵，查看增压器的油位情况。Check turbo-charger lube oil pump, check oil levels of turbo-charger.1.1.5.按照操作规程，起动备用发电机并电使用，保证机动操纵时所需的电量（机动操纵时，一般用两台发电机供电）。

As operation regulations, start the stand by generator and parallel so that should ensure enough power when maneuvering.(When maneuvering, normally use two generators to supply power)1.1.6.起动舵机油泵，并与驾驶台校对舵角。

Start steering gear oil pump.Check with bridge for rudder angle.1.1.7.盘车Turn engine 1.1.7.1.检查确认轴系的气缸头等部位无障碍，各导门已关紧，并打开各缸示功阀。Check the shafting and cylinder head.And the acce doors is closed.Open the indicator valves.1.1.7.2.搭上盘车机盘车（最好将主机转2转以上）检查主机和轴系是否灵活。

Engage the turning gear turn the main engine over 2 revolutions.Check main engine and shafting is flexible or not.1.1.7.3.确认主机和轴系灵活后，脱开盘车机，捶上止动销。

After confirm main engine and shafting flexible, disconnect turning gear, insert the safety pin.1.1.8.冲车和试车（活车）

Start the engine on air briefly and a brief trial on power 1.1.8.1.冲车（冲车的目的主要是检查和吹走气缸杂质、残水和积油，以及检查起动的换向系统的动作是否正常）步骤是：

检查关闭扫气箱放水考克。

再次检查确认，废气透平和缸头处无障碍物，示功阀已开启。

通知驾驶台，检查船尾和舷梯外，有无碍物，确保那些部位无障碍。摇车钟“正车”到驾驶台，取得驾驶台的“正车”回令。派人到气缸头附近观察。

摇车钟到驾驶台，要求“倒车”，得到“倒车”回令后，用手柄或手轮或按钮进行“换向”和“倒车”，冲车。若无发现异常情况，则可关闭示功阀。

Start the engine on air briefly(Start the engine on air briefly is to check and clean impurity, waste water, oil dust in cylinder.Check exchange system normal or not).Proce as follow,-Check and close the drain cocks of scavenging box

-Confirm again exhaust turbine and cylinder heads no obstacle, indicator valves have been opened.-Inform bridge to check and ensure no obstacle besides aster and gangway.-Switch engine telegraph to „Forward‟, get the „Forward‟ repeated order from bridge.-Aigned crew to observe near cylinder heads.-Ring „Astern‟, get the „Astern‟ followed up from bridge.Use hand shank, hand wheel or button to „reversing‟ and „Astern‟, run engine.If everything is normal, close the indicator valve.1.1.8.2.试车（试车的目的，是进一步检查起动和换向系统工作的可靠性，以及燃油系统工作是否正常）步骤是：

检查并调整调速器处于所需位置。

用手柄或按钮（加燃油）“倒车”试车（因冲车时机器在倒车方向，故可直接倒车试车）缓慢转几转后把机器停下。

摇车钟“正车”到驾驶台，得到“正车”回令后，进行“换向”正车，起动动转，缓慢转几转后，把机器停下，并摇车钟“停车”驾驶台，得到回令后，如果各种情况都有正常，则可用电话告知驾驶台主机准备完毕。

A brief trial on power(A brief trial on power is to check work dependability of start and exchange system.And check fuel system is normal or not.)Proce as follow,-Check and adjust speed governor to proper location.-Use hand shank or button to test engine astern(Because engine is in astern when running engine, test engine astern immediately).Turn a few times slowly and stop engine.-Telegraph „forward‟, get the followed up „forward‟ from bridge, switch to „forward‟, test engine, turn a few times slowly and stop engine.Telegraph „stop engine‟, get the repeated order from bridge, if everything is normal, should inform bridge by telephone engine stand by is ready.1.2.手动操作Manual operation 1.2.1.当接到车钟“备车”时，如果主机确实已备妥可用，机仓即可回车钟“备车”表示主机随时都可操纵使用。这时值班轮机员就要集中精力在操纵台前等侯操纵。并派人准备做好车钟记录以及注意保持空气瓶的压力。

When receive engine telegraph „stand by‟, if main engine stand by is ready, may reply engine telegraph „stand by‟ that shows main engine can operate at any moment.At this time, duty engineer should pay attention to maneuvering panel to wait for maneuvering.And aign crew to be prepare for recording engine telegraph and heed to keep the preure of air bottle.1.2.2.操纵方法因机型不同而异，但基本程序大同小异。

Maneuvering way is different due to different main engine, but the basic procedure is similar.1.2.2.1.当驾驶台来车钟要车时，机仓即将车钟转到相同“车令”位置如果主机已在所需的“车向”停着拨回“车令”后则可直接冲车起动运转；如果主机在所需“车向”的 反方向停着，把车钟拨到所需“车向”位置后，先要进行“换向”，然后进行起动运转。

When telegraph is ringing, follow up the telegraph to same „telegraph order‟ position.If engine telegraph is already in the same course, reply „telegraph order‟, run engine and start and run immediately.If engine telegraph is in the opposite course, after switch engine telegraph to needed engine course, first exchange course, then run engine and start and run.1.2.2.2.起动运转的操作大概是这样的：当操作手轮移到“起动”位置。听到机器冲动声音和车速表转动时，迅速把手柄或手轮（包括燃油油门）移至“运转”位置，然后按所需车速调节油门。

Start and run: Operate M/E maneuver unit to „start‟.When hear machine running sound and speedometer runs, immediately shift hand shank or hand wheel(including fuel accelerograph)to „run‟, then adjust accelerogragh as demand.1.2.3.操纵时，油门不宜加得过急过大，以免造成爆燃或超负荷。

During maneuvering, no too much or too fast for accelerograph, prevent deflagration or overload.1.2.4.操纵过程中，要时刻注意各种可能发生的异常情况，如强振或爆炸等，并针对具体情况作出相应的处理。

During maneuvering, heed various abnormal conditions such as strong swing or deflagration.Should handle them according to specific condition.1.3.航行中的管理Management in navigation 1.3.1.当驾驶台给“定速”后，缓慢地将主机开到比“海上转速”低（5—10%）的车速。

When bridge orders „Ring off engines‟, should slowly run main engine to the RPM which is lower 5 to 10 percent than „revolution at sea‟.1.3.2.加至上述车速后，值班轮机员应巡视主、副机等机电设备进行一次全面检查。

When get to above mentioned RPM, duty engineer should check overall main engine, auxiliary engines etc.1.3.3.缓慢地将主机油门加至“海上车速”，然后值班轮机员再一次全面检查各主副机等机电设备情况，并正式投入正常航行。

Slowly raise main engine accelerograph to „revolution at sea‟, duty engineer should check overall again main engine, auxiliary engine, then normal sail.1.3.4.如电量足够，可停掉一台发电机，用另一台发电机供电航行。If power enough, may stop one generator, sail with another generator.1.3.5.正常航行的管理

Management in normal navigation 1.3.5.1.每隔一小时按交接班巡回检查规定范围全面检查一次，发现不正常现象及时处理或报告轮机长。

The tour inspection must be carried out at the interval of an hour as the scope of handing over the watch, any abnormal findings to be dealt with in time and reported to chief engineer.1.3.5.2.调节并保持各种有关参数在规定范围内。

Adjust and keep various parameters in the requirement range.1.3.5.3.定时向人工加油部位加润滑油。

Oil to the manual oil filling ports at regular intervals 1.3.5.4.每隔两小时，检查并记录各有关参数一次。At intervals of two hours, check and record parameters.1.3.5.5.按航行值班规定的职责范围，做好上述以外的其他工作。

As the scope of navigation duty, do well other works besides above mentioned.1.4.完车停航Finished with engine 1.4.1.接到驾驶台的“完车”命令后，将车钟推至“完车”位置，并去电话给驾驶 台询问：短时间完车还是较长时间完车，然后根据具体情况作出相应的处理。

When receive „Finished with engine‟ order from bridge, follow engine telegraph to „Finished with engine‟.Call to bridge to check engine stop for a long time or for a short time.Operate accordingly.1.4.2.如果是短时间完车等侯“引水”或“联检”，即可只做下列工作。

If engine stop for a short time such as waiting for pilot or joint inspect, proce as follow, 1.4.2.1.关闭起动空气。Close starting air.1.4.2.2.关闭海水泵。Stop the seawater pump.1.4.3.如果较长时间完车（即近期不用车），则需按“完全”完车的要求，做好下列工作。If engine stop for a long time, should operate as „full engine stop‟.1.4.3.1.关闭起动空气。Close starting air.1.4.3.2.关闭控制空气或关闭液压控制系统。

Close control air or hydraulic control system.1.4.3.3.关闭海水泵、油头冷却泵、锅炉循环泵和尾轴泵和尾轴油泵。

Stop the seawater pump, fuel valve cooling pump, boiler circulating pump, stern tube LO pump.1.4.3.4.打开各缸示功阀和扫气箱油阀。

Open the indicator valves and the drain valves of the scavenge air box.1.4.3.5.关闭一台空气压缩机

Switch off one air compreor.1.4.3.6.根据具体情况，按操作规程关闭一台电机 Stop one generator according to the load condition.1.5.主机和应急操作时，应注意：

When main engine emergency operation, attention, 1.5.1.进港前对主机进行试车，检查主机的起动和换向性能以确保主机用车。M/E to be carried out a trial, check starting and reversing functions in good condition.1.5.2.增开另一部发电机，并电运行。

One stand by generator to be started and parallelled 1.5.3.主机换轻油确保机动性。

Main engine to be changed FO over to diesel oil to ensure maneuverability.1.5.4.加强对空压机，空气瓶管理。

Strengthen management for air compreed machine and air bottle.1.5.5.加强对油、水管理，保持压力与温度的稳定。

Strengthen management for oil and water.Keep stability of preure and temperature.1.5.6.海底阀应用高位。High sea chest to be put into use 1.5.7.如属操纵系统损坏，应用机旁操纵系统进行操纵。

If remote control system found in trouble, operate M/E from the local control console.1.5.8.正确执行驾驶台发出的操作指令。并正确记录。

Implement order from bridge accurately, entries telegraph record book accordingly.1.6.主机故障时的应急使用Emergency operation when failure of main engine

当机械设备发生故障时，应根据说明书的要求及实际情况采取正确的应急转换，应急操纵等措施进行正确操作，以保证船、机和人身安全。

When being failure of mechanical equipment, should as instruction book and actual condition implement emergency exchange, emergency maneuvering etc.to ensure safety of ship, machine and life.1.6.1.当机械故障不能执行驾驶台命令时，轮机长应立即通知驾驶员并报告船长，并将故障时间和情况记入轮机日记。如需停车、应先征得船长同意，但若重要机件损坏等严重威胁主机安全时，轮机长可先停车，后报告船长。

When order from bridge can not be carried out due to failure of machinery, chief engineer should inform duty officer and report to captain.Meantime record failure time and condition in engine log book.If engine stop is needed, should get approval of captain.If important parts are damaged to threat main engine, chief engineer can first stop engine, then report to captain.1.6.2.在接到船长命令时，如发现执行该命令时，将引起机电设备损坏，轮机长应将可能引起后果告知船长，然后按船长经过考虑后的指示执行，轮机长应将上述情况详细记入轮机日记，船长也应将经过情况记入航海日记。

If implementing captain‟s order will damage electronic equipment, chief engineer should report it to captain and implement the last order of captain.Chief engineer should record details in engine log book.Captain also should record it in log book.1.6.3.柴油机运转中，下列情况应立即停车。

During diesel engine running, should stop engine immediately if meet follows, 1.6.3.1.柴油机运转已危及人身安全时。Diesel engine running threats life safety.1.6.3.2.滑油、燃油管破裂，大量油类外泄，造成污染并危及柴油机安全时。

Lubricant pipe and fuel pipe are broken, plenty of oil are leaked, make pollution, threat safety of diesel engine.1.6.3.3.曲柄箱、扫气箱爆炸时。Crankcase or scavenging box explodes.1.6.3.4.确认柴油机将引起重大事故时。Ensure diesel engine will make serious accident.1.6.3.5.停车后15分钟，将曲柄箱温度下降时方可小心地打开曲柄箱道门，进行检查。After stop engine for 15 minutes, decrease the temperature of crankcase, open the acce doors of crankcase and check.1.6.3.6.无法修复，或船舶需运转时，可采用应急操纵系统操纵，单缸停油或封缸等措施维持航行。

When beyond repair occurs, and M/E must be running ,emergency operation to be taken, stop fuel oil injection of one cylinder or stop one cylinder fire to keep M/E running.1.7.主机透平增压器的应急措施Emergency measure for main engine turbo-charger

主机透平增压器在运转过程中发生振动、损坏而无法使用时，应根据说明书，用专用工具进行处理，应急措施如下：

When M/E T/C found abnormal vibration or damage to make it can not be used, should handle it as instruction book by specific tools.Emergency measures as follow, 1.7.1.锁住转子（具体操作见各机型的说明书）Lock rotor(operation as specific instruction book)1.7.2.拆除转子、安装封闭设备（具体操作作见各机型的说明书）。Dismantle rotor, install seal set.(operation as specific instruction book)1.7.3.采取上述两种措施，应保持涡壳中的冷却水畅通，但要切断滑油的供应。同时，降低柴油机的负荷，使排温不要超负荷，并开动电动鼓风机或利用活塞扫气泵供气同时将损坏的几个缸油量调低防止另一台增压器喘振而损坏。

When implement above mentioned two ways, should keep cooling water in volute smoothly, andcut off lube oil supply.Meantime lower the load of diesel engine and make discharge temperature no overload, turn on motor-driven blower or piston scavenging pump to supply air.Meantime lower oil volume of damaged cylinder to prevent another T/C from damaging due to surge.1.8.尾轴油封泄漏时的应急措施Emergency measures when tail shaft seals leakage

尾轴油封泄漏，内漏及外漏两种。

Tail shaft seal leakage include inner leakage and outer leakage 1.8.1.水润滑的轴承泄漏时，应密切注意泄漏的情况，及时排水，防止机仓内进水过多，同时可向船头压水或排出尾部压载水或淡水减少尾部吃水和进水量。

If water lubricated bearing seal leaks, should heed leakage condition, discharge the water in time, prevent too much water in engine room.Meantime may ballast in bow or discharge ballast water or fresh water in astern to decrease aft draft and input water quantity.1.8.2.油润滑的轴承密封漏油。Oil lubricated bearing seal leaks（以SIMPLEX密封装置为例）当前轴封漏油时，可以切断供油管路，用人工加油（每二十分钟一升油左右）的方式保证密封件润滑，若是尾轴封漏油时，首先注意漏油量避免对海上造成大量的污染，将重力油柜从高位转到低位，减少船舶的尾吃水量，用人工加油方式保持润滑，同时应注意尾轴的温度，必要时可适当降低主机转速，待抵港后再处理。(SIMPLEX seal as example)When fore seal leaks, cut off oil supply pipe.Manual supply oil(one liter every 20 minutes)to keep seal parts lubricated.When tail shaft seal leaks, first notice not to pollute sea, transfer gravity oil tank from high level to low level, decrease aft draft, manual supply oil to keep parts lubricated.Meantime heed temperature of Stern bushes.If neceary, lower the revolution of main engine.Handle it after arriving port.2.柴油发电机Diesel generator 2.1.准备和起动Prepare and start 2.1.1.检查发动机和柴油机组周围及其气缸头进风口或增压器进风口等处是否清爽无障碍（自动化机组，各部位应经常保持清爽无障碍的状态）。

Check surrounding of the generator and the engine, cylinder head or turbo air intake hole for clear.(For automatic controlled starting generator set, all parts should keep clean and no obstacle.)2.1.2.检查并打开各缸示功阀（自动化机组，各示功阀需经常保持关闭）。

Check and open the indicator valves.(For automatic controlled generator set, indicator valves to be kept closed.)2.1.3.检查油底壳（或循环柜）油位是否正常（自动化机组，机油油位应经常保持在正常位置）。

Check oil sump(or the circulating LO tank)oil level is normal or not.(For automatic machine set, oil level should keep in normal position.)2.1.4.盘车并用手摇泵机油，查看机油系统的供油情况，直至机油压力达0.05-0.10Mpa必要时打开曲轴箱导门查看各主轴系、大小端承等处的供油情况，确认机油充分进入各润滑表面（装有预备润滑油泵的自动化机型，可以不用手摇泵泵机油）同时向人工加油部位加油（自动化转动后自动向各需要加油部位加滑油）。

Turn engine and pump LO by hand until oil preure upto 0.05～0.1Mpa.If neceary, open the acce doors and exam the lubricating condition of shafting, both ends of connecting rod.Ensure lube oil flow to all lubricating surface(If install automatic reserved lube oil pump, no need to use manual lube oil pump).Meantime load oil to manual loading oil parts.(If pump is automatic type, when turn on pump, automatically load oil to parts needing loading oil.)

2.1.5.检查冷却淡水进出阀，各缸冷却水出口阀，机油冷却器进出机油阀和海水阀是否在正常位置，油温和水温自动调节器是否正常（自动化机型，各种阀门和自动调节器应经常保持在正常状态。

Check the following inlet and outlet valves in correct position, FW cooler, jackets, lube oil cooler, seawater valves, automatic LO/FW temperature regulator in good condition.(For automatic type, various valves and automatic adjusters should be kept in normal state.)2.1.6.检查各压力警报和超速警报等是否正常(自动化机型,各种警报应经常保持在正常状态)。

Check preure alarm and over speed alarm.(For automatic type, all the warning alarm should be kept in normal state.)2.1.7.检查调速器油位是否正常，连接杆是否灵活，各旋钮是否在正常位置（自动化机型，调速器油位和旋钮等应经常保持在随时可以自动起动使用的状态）。

Check oil level of governor, connecting link flexible or not, all buttons in normal position or not.(For automatic type, oil level of governor and buttons should be kept in the state that can automatically start at any moment.)2.1.8.检查油门调节杆是否灵活，并打开燃油进口阀和回油阀（自动化机型，油门杆的油阀应经常保持在随时可以起动使用的状态）。

Check adjustment lever of accelerograph flexible or not, open the fuel oil inlet valve and oil return valve.(For automatic type, oil valve of accelerograph lever should be kept in the state that can automatically start at any moment.)2.1.9.打开空气瓶出口阀和进机前空气截止阀(自动化机型,这些阀门经常保持在开启状态)。

Open the main air valve of air bottle and air stop valve before engine.(For automatic type, these valves should be kept open.)

2.1.10.确认各种准备工作正常后，拉动操纵杆冲车（不给燃油）查看有无残水残油从示功阀处冲出，倾听有无异常杂音。

After ensure all preparation is normal, pull joy stick to run engine(no supply fuel)to check if waste water and waste oil flow out from indicator valves, hear abnormal sounding.2.1.11.若冲车时无发现异常情况关闭示功阀后，将柴油机起动由调速器控制运转，在进行这个操作时，一方面要观察机油压力（自带淡水泵的机型还要注意淡水压力）的上升情况，一方面要倾听机器的声音（自动化机型，自行起动运转或在集控室起动运转，都应注意倾听机器的运转声音与油水压力及其警报）。

If no abnormal conditions when running engine, close indicator valves, start diesel engine and be controlled by governor.During this operation, one side, observe lube oil preure(For fresh water pump, also observe fresh water preure.)raise condition, another side, hear sounding of machine.(For automatic type, after start and run automatically or start from engine control room, should heed machine sounding, oil and water preure, warning alarm.)2.1.12.关闭起动空气，并依次打开各缸示功阀检查，还应检查各缸排气温度是否正常（自动化机型，气瓶出口阀和进机前空气截止阀常开）。

Close start air, open the indicator valves in turn to check, check exhaust temperature normal or not.(For automatic type, the main valve of air bottle and air stop valve before engine should be kept open.)2.1.13.确认全部情况正常后即可并电使用，在进行操作时，一方面要注意频率和相序和电压，另一方面要注意电网上各发电机负荷的平衡（自动化机型，自行起或在集控室起动后，自行按自动控制程序并电和平衡负荷）。

After confirming all conditions normal, parallel the generator into the main busbar.During operation, one side, heed frequency, phase sequence, voltage, another side, heed load distribution of all generators in.(For automatic type, after automatically start or start in center control room, automatically combine power and balance load as automatic control procedure.)2.1.14.机组投入带负荷运转后，值班人员应对发电机和柴油机等进行全面检查一次，确认全部情况正常后，方可视为正式带负荷运行。

After machine set run with load, duty crew should check the generator and diesel engine throughly.After confirming all condition normal, regard as formal running with load.2.2.运转中的管理 Management in running 2.2.1.经常或定时检查各曲轴箱导门的温度，倾听内部运转的声音，检查高压油泵的气阀等的动作是否正常。

Often or regularly check temperature of acce doors of the crankcases, hear inner running sounding, check fuel oil pumps and the inlet/exhaust valves.2.2.2.经常检查各缸排气温度以及温度是否在正常范围。Often check exhaust temperature and confirm in normal range.2.2.3.经常检查各发电机的负荷（电压、电流和功率）是否平衡。

Often check paralleled generator load(electric voltage, electric current, power)balance or not.2.2.4.每隔2小时，检查并记录电压、电流、功率、转速、压力、温度、油位等参数一次。Every 2 hours, check and record electric voltage, electric current, power, revolution, preure, temperature, oil level etc.2.2.5.定时（或根据具体情况）拆洗机油和柴油过滤器以及分滤补充柴油日用柜油位并放走油柜残水。

The LO and DO filters to be cleaned regularly, DO to be purified and refilled to DO service tank, and the residual water to be drained from the tank.2.3.停车（停机）Engine stop 2.3.1.卸去电负荷后，让机组空转5—10分钟后。

After unloading, make the generator set idling for 5 to 10 minutes.2.3.2.空转5-10分钟后，关掉油水压力警报，然后将油门杆拉回停车位置停车。

After idling for 5 to 10 minutes, turn off oil and water preure alarm, pull accelerograph lever to engine stop position.2.3.3.机器停下后，打开后示功阀（自动化机组立即将示功阀置于关闭，并把预润机油泵起动旋钮，柴油机起动旋钮转至自动位置）。

After engine stop, open the indicator valves.(For automatic machine set, immediately close the indicator valves, start the prelubrication oil pump and diesel engine to automation position.)2.3.4.停车后，对柴油发电机组全面检查一次，查看停车后有无异常情况出现，After engine stop, inspect overall the diesel generator set to check if there is abnormal condition.2.4.辅机跳电停车的应急措施

Emergency measure for MCB trip and the generator engine stopped

在航行中，突然发生跳电或电原动机停车，则船舶内将失去控制。因此值班人员必须根据不同情况采取正确果断的措施以避免由此而产生的其它重大事故。

In navigation, if MCB trip or generator engine stop, ship will be out of control.Duty crew should implement appropriate measure as specific condition to prevent serious accident.2.4.1.船舶在海上航行。发电机发生突然停车时，值班人员应首先停止主机运转并电告驾驶台，然后立即起动备用发电机。尽快恢复供电。如果情况特殊，需用车避让，值班人员应执行驾驶台命令。在恢复供电后，首先应起动舵机及有关电动泵，然后再起动主动。

In navigation at sea, when generator suddenly stopped, duty engineer should first stop main engine and inform bridge, then immediately start reserved generator to supply power as soon as poible.In special condition, need to keep away, duty engineer should implement bridge‟s order.After power resume, first start steering gear and motor-driven pumps, then start main engine.2.4.2.船舶在狭水道或进出港航行，发电机发生跳电停车时，值班人员应以高度的责任感迅速起动备用辅机尽快恢复供电，同时应停止主机动转并用电话立即通知驾驶台。在应急处理的过程中，必须有人坚守主机操纵台，随时听取和执行驾台命令。如驾驶台遇到情况危急，必须用车，值班人员应驾驶台命令执行，可不考虑主机后果。此外，在狭水道进出港航行时为了尽量避免紧张局面，确保安全，一般应增开一台发电机并联运行。

When navigation in narrow channel or inward/outward port, generator stopped trip, duty engineer should immediately start reserved auxiliary engine to resume power, meantime should stop engine and inform bridge by telephone.During emergency operation, should stick to main engine maneuvering panel and receive and carry out order from bridge.If bridge encounter emergency, main engine have to be used, duty engineer should carry out order from bridge regardle of result of main engine.In narrow channel or inward/outward port, normally one standby generator to be started and paralleled so that it can prevent nervous situation and ensure safety.2.4.3.船舶处在系泊过程个，发电机发生跳电停车时，值班人员应先起动备用发电机恢复供电正常后，再检查分析跳电或停车故障原因并正确排除。

During mooring, generator stopped and tripped, duty engineer should first start reserved generator to resume power.After it is in normal, analyze the reason of circuit break or reason of engine stop, then eliminate them.3.并电和卸电（卸载）Parallel and unload 3.1.并电：待并发电机起动投入运转无发现异常情况以后，则可在配电板上进行并电操作。Parallel: If no abnormal founding with the incoming generator, parallel operation to be carried out on main switch board.3.1.1.通过调压开关将待并发电机压调至额定值。

The voltage of the incoming generator to be adjusted to the same value with the main busbar through the regulating screw.3.1.2.通过调速开关向（-）方向拨动或向（+）方向拨动，待并发电机频率调至等于电网频率。

Stir speed governing switch to „-‟ or to „+‟, make frequency of generator to be combined equal frequency of grid.3.1.3.把同步开关转到待并发电机上，同步表指针会旋转或同步指示灯会轮流明灭。

若同步指针按顺时针方向旋转很快或同步指示灯按顺时针转向轮流明灭很快，表明待并发电机频率高于电网频率，这时应把调速开关向（-）方向拨动，降低待并发电机频率；若同步指针按逆时方向旋转很快，或同步指示灯按逆时针方向轮明灭很快，表明待并发电机频率低于电网频率，这时应把调速开关方向（+）方向拨动，提高待并发电机频率。

Switch synchronous switch to the incoming generator, pointer of synchronous meter will rotate or indicator light will be on and off in turn.If pointer rotates fast clockwise or indicator light is on and off fast clockwise, it shows frequency of generator to be combined higher than main busba‟s.Should stir speed regulation switch to „-‟to lower frequency of generator to be combined.If pointer rotates fast counter-clockwise or indicator light is on and off fast counter-clockwise, it shows frequency of generator to be combined lower than grid‟s.Should stir speed regulation switch to „+‟to increase frequency of generator to be combined.3.1.4.当同步指针按顺时针方向缓慢旋转并指向正上方的瞬间，或同步指示灯按顺时针方向轮流明灭很慢，并在亮灯渐暗的瞬间迅速合上待并发电机闸刀。此时，绿灯会明亮，表明已将待并发电机已并入电网；若红灯明亮，表明待并发电机没有并入电网，此时应拉开闸刀，在调整后再合闸，直至合上闸刀后，绿灯明亮。

At the moment that synchronous pointer slowly rotates clockwise to above or synchronous indicator light is slowly on and off clockwise and light slowly dim, immediately switch on the incoming generator MCB.This moment, green light will be on.It shows that generator has been paralleled.If red light will be on, it shows that generator has not been paralleled.This moment, should disconnect knife switch.Try again after adjustment until green light shines.3.1.5.合上闸刀并入电网后，通过调速开关向（+）方向拨动，逐渐增加待并发电机的负荷（KW，或A）（有时还需过原已工作发电机的调速开关相应降低其负荷），直至各运行发电机的负荷互相平衡。在根据电网负荷自动起动发电机并电或自卸电停发电机的全自动化发电装置上，发电＜原动＞机开关和并电开关置于自动位置以后，当电网负荷上升到工作发电机的调定上限负荷时，待用发电机则自动按控制程序自动起动、并电和平衡负荷。或者，人工起动待用发电机后，把并电开关转至自动位置时，亦会自动按控制程序自动并电待用和平衡负荷。（在拟订本轮的具体操作规程时，应把有关情况加以相应的考虑）。

After combined to grid, stir speed governing switch to „+‟, gradually increase load of generator to be combined until every generators get load balance.For automatic generating device, after place generator/prime mover switch and combine switch to „automatic‟, when grid load increase to upper limit of working generator, reserved generator will automatic start, combine and balance load as control procedure.Or after start generator to be combined by manual, place combine switch to „automatic‟, should also automatic combine and balance load as control procedure.(Operation as per specific condition.)

3.2.卸电（卸载）Generator disengage(remove load)

要把并联运行中的一台发电机（待卸发电机）卸下负荷时，则可在配电板上进行下列的卸电操作。

If need to disengage one generator, should operate on Electricity Panel as follow, 3.2.1.缓慢地把待卸发电机的调速开关向（-）方向拨动，逐渐减少其负荷（有时还需通过仍需继续运行发电机的调速开关相应增加其负荷），直至待卸发电机负荷将降至“0”时，迅速拉开待卸发电机的闸刀。

Slowly stir speed governing switch of generator to be disengaged to „-‟, gradually decrease its load until load to „zero‟, immediately disconnect knife switch of generator to be disengaged.3.2.2.卸电后的发电（原动）机冷动后，按发电（原动）机操作规程停掉该发电（原动）机。在根据电网负荷自动起动发电机并电和自动卸电停机的全自动化发电装置上，当电网负荷太低时，置于自动位置的待停发电机，就会自动按控制程序自行卸电停发（原动）机。（在拟订本轮的具体操作规程时，应把有关情况加以考虑）。

After the unloaded generator engine(prime mover)cool, stop this generator(prime mover)as per operation regulations.For the automatic generating device, when grid load is too low, generator to be disengaged placed on „automatic‟ position will automatic disengage, stop generator(prime mover)as per automatic control procedure.(Operation as per specific condition.)3.3.主配电板的应急措施

Emergency measure on main switchboards 3.3.1.主配电板主开关跳闸，一般是由于过载负荷或者是因为同时起动多台大容量电机造成电压降太大而引起发电机主开关自动保护装置动作。这时应把较次要的用电设备（较大负荷）先从线路中切除（如通风机、空调等）然后再合上主开关。

The reason of main switch on main switchboards tripping normally is reaction of automatic protector of generator main switch due to overload or simultaneously starting several big load motors to make voltage lower too much.At this moment, should trip secondary electric equipment(with big load)such as ventilation machine, air conditioner, then connect main switch.3.3.2.如果是因为并车时，没有满足并车条件，冲击电流过大或是由于逆电流或逆功率继电器动作而使两台发电机跳闸。这种情况下同样要切除不影响船舶安全航行的次要负荷。然后合上一台发电机的主开关，再调节另一台发电机的转速、相位，使其满足并车的三个条件时并车。当两台发电机并车运转正常后，再接通次要负荷。

If no meet the parallel condition when combining, reaction of electric relay due to too strong impulse current or contrary current or contrary power will make two generators trip.Should cut off the secondary load which do not influence safe navigation.Then connect main switch of one generator, adjust revolution, phase of another generator.Combine again when satisfy three conditions.When two generators all run normally, connect secondary load.3.3.3.如果是因机械故障（包括主配电板，主发电机，调压系统）而引起主配电板跳闸，应立即开启应急发电机先满足通导电讯及船舶照明需要。

If trip of MBC is reason of the mechanical failure including main switchboards, main generator, AVR, should immediately start emergency generator to meet the demand of telecom navigation, telegraph and ship‟s service lighting.4.电气安全Electrical equipment safety 4.1.船舶电气设备的检修、保养、安装等作业应由本船电气人员进行，未经轮机长的允许，禁止其它人员进行电气作业。

Check, maintenance, installation of ship‟s electrical equipment should be done by own veel‟s electrical staff.No other person can do electrical operation without approval of chief engineer.4.2.进行电气保养、检修作业时，必须穿绝缘鞋。严禁穿拖鞋等不适合工作的鞋子进行电气作业。绝缘鞋等要定期更换。

Insulated shoes is needed when electrical operation.No slippers and other unfitted shoes.Periodically change insulated shoes.4.3.在检修、保养电气设备时均应断电作业，并在启动箱、配电板等挂好“禁止合闸”、“禁止启动”等警示牌，必须拿掉保险丝，作业完毕必须由挂牌人员亲自摘除警示牌，装回保险丝，他人不得擅自移动警示牌和盲目装回保险丝。

When check, repair, maintain electrical equipment, should cut off power and hang „No switch on‟, „No start‟ or other warning board, take off fuse.After operation, warning board should be taken off and fuse be installed by hanging person himself.Other person can not arbitrarily move warning board and bland install fuse.4.4.主配电板前、后，分电板等处铺垫的绝缘橡胶要保持清洁完好，不得挪作他用。配电板、分电箱、控制箱内部均不允许存放任何物品。

Keep insulated rubber around the main switchboards clean and integrity.No Appropriation.Any materials not to be stored in the switchboards, section boards and control box.4.5.在配电板、电源箱、插座箱等高压部位均应标有红色“高压危险”的警告标志，配电板附近应备放适用于扑救电气火灾的灭火器。

Warning sign with red „High Voltage, Dangerous‟ should be marked in high voltage parts of switchboards, power boxes, socket boxes.Fire extinguisher fitted for electrical equipment fire should be placed near electricity panel.4.6.电气人员在工作中应尽量避免带电作业，特殊情况必须带电作业时必须两人以上参加，一人作业，一人监护，应使用绝缘手套、绝缘鞋等防护用品并定期更换。作业前要对工具进行严格的检查、处理，并看好电源开关的位置，以便出现紧急情况时迅速断电。

Electric engineer should avoid living work as far as poible.In special case, if living work is neceary, at least two persons take part in, one for work, another for supervise.Periodically change insulated gloves and shoes.Before work, check and handle tools, power switch position, so that cut off power immediately in emergency.4.7.电气人员要定期检查电动工具、移动式灯具、插座、电线等，如有绝缘损坏、软电线护套破裂、接地保护、零线脱落、插头、插座裂开有损安全使用的均应及时修理和换新。禁止电气设备、电缆带电部门裸露和严重损坏而继续使用。

Electrical person should periodically check motor-driven tool, movable lamp, socket, cable.If insulation damaged, cover of soft cable crack, earth protect, zero curve dropped, cracking of socket and plug, should repair and renew in time.No use for barene of living parts of electrical equipment and cable.No use if damaged seriously.4.8.移动式灯具使用的低压电源必须与高压电源在电路上分开,即不得使用自耦式变电器,移动式、手持电动工具、灯具必须有可靠的保护接地线，使用时应可靠接地。

Low voltage used for movable lamp should be divided from high voltage in circuit.That means autotransformer can not be used.Movable or handing motor-driven tools and lamps should have reliable earth protect.Earth should be reliable when use.4.9.船舶任何场合禁止使用明火电炉。个人房间禁止使用电炉和超出原设计容量的任何电器、任何人均不允许随意扩大保险丝容量。

No flame electric stove on board.No electric stove and other electrical equipment over rated value in crew room.Fuse value can not be enlarged.4.10.船舶需增设电器设备必须得到电工同意，由电气人员严格按电器设备安装标准安装，严禁任何人私自装设电器、拉紧电源线。

Adding electrical equipment on board should get the approval of electrician.Electrical person should install electrical equipment as per regulation.Any person can not install electrical equipment or strain power line without permiion.4.11.电水壶在使用中人不能离开，离开房间时必须将插头拔掉切断电源。

Crew can not leave when electric kettle is used.When leave room, should take off plug and switch off power.4.12.检修后的电机进行试验时，要仔细检查设备及拖带机械周围确认无障碍物、无人工作方能启动试验。对于遥控启动或控制电源距离较远的要先检查设备附近情况确认控制手柄、按钮置于停止位置，再行合闸送电，严禁简化操作程序。

For testing the repaired electrical motor, should check and confirm no obstruct and no person near electrical motor and pulling machinery before start testing.For remote control starting or control power far away from electrical motor, should first check condition near electrical motor, confirm hand shank, button being place on „stop‟, then switch on to supply power.Simplifying operation procedure is prohibited.4.13.接、拆岸电引线时必须两人以上参加，并指定专人负责看管岸上开关，统一联系信号，全过程应由电工负责指挥、技术监督。

Connecting/disconnecting shore power need at least two persons.Aign specific person to take care of shore switch, unify contacting signal.Electrician command and supervise in proce.4.14.电气人员应经常检查各内外走廊、梯口、通道、应急出口的照明设备。防护罩、灯罩、反光板等要保持清洁、防水、防潮、防爆灯具还应保持气密。

Electrical person should often inspect lighting equipment of inner/outer hallway, gangway, paage, emergency exit.Keep protective cover, lamp-chimney, reflector clean, waterproof, moisture-proof, explosion-proof.Lamp should be gastight.4.15.进行电瓶保养、配制电解液等作业时，作业人员应按规定穿好劳防用品，并戴好防护镜和乳胶手套。

When maintain storage battery and confect battery water, operator should wear work protect material such as eye shield and latex glove.4.16.电瓶内不准存放与电瓶保养无关的其它杂物，尤其是易燃易爆物品，电瓶、硫酸、电解液等都应有可靠的固定，保证在船晃、振动等情况下不会相到碰撞及有翻到的可能。Battery rooms should have no other stuff, especially inflammable material and explosive material.Storage battery, sulphuric acid, battery water should be fixed.When rolling and vibration, no collision and turnover.4.17.电瓶间通风应保持良好。电瓶间禁止吸烟，电瓶间附近禁止明火作业，并应在明显位置标有“禁止吸烟”警示标志。

Battery rooms should keep well ventilated.No smoking.No flame near battery rooms.Warning mark with „No Smoking‟ should be place on obvious position.4.18.在配制电解液应注意：Notice for confecting battery water.4.18.1.配制时就应将硫酸缓慢倒入蒸馏水中并不停的搅动。禁止将水倾倒入硫酸内。

Pour sulphuric acid into distilled water slowly and roil ceaselely.Pouring water into sulphuric acid is prohibited.4.18.2.禁止使用塑料不耐热的容器配制电解液。

Plastic and non heat-resistant receptacle can not be used for confecting battery water.4.19.船舶电气人员负责对全船的安全用电进行监督和检查，发现违章不安全因素应及时纠正和排除。Electrical person on board supervise and check power safety.Should correct and eliminate if any violation of regulations is found.4.20.电气人员配员为一人的船舶，对于一人单独进行有困难的电气作业，轮机长应安排适当人员予以配合。

If only manning one electrician on board, for the electrical operation that it is difficult for one electrician, chief engineer should aign appropriate crew to cooperate.