对木材市场需求的简要分析用材林与绿化苗木之间的效益分析_苗木效益分析

对木材市场需求的简要分析用材林与绿化苗木之间的效益分析由刀豆文库小编整理，希望给你工作、学习、生活带来方便，猜你可能喜欢“苗木效益分析”。

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http://www.daodoc.com/ 对木材市场需求的简要分析用材林与绿化苗木之间的效益分析

为改变当地的自然面貌，保持水土，同时为改变京津地区风沙危害，研究积累大型机械化国营林场经营管理及高寒地区造林和育苗经验，建成大片用材林基地，生产中、小径级用材，经国家计委批准，国家林业部于1962年组建了直属塞罕坝机械林场，经过塞罕坝创业者半个世纪发扬“勤俭建场、艰苦创业、科学求实、爱岗敬业、无私奉献”的塞罕坝精神，将昔日荒芜的坝上高原，建成了浩瀚的人工林海，成为我国林业战线一颗璀璨的绿色明珠。但由于建场之初的四项基本任务决定了塞罕坝的造林方向，致使目前人工林主要以落叶松树种为主，辅之以云杉、樟子松、油松等少量绿化树种，由于初植密度过大，自然整枝明显，而且大部分进行了人工修枝等经营作业，其绿化苗木价值在递减或基本不存在，后续绿化苗木培育力度明显不足，存在断档现象。

Soil and water conservation in order to change the local natural landscape, at the same time, to change the harm of Sandstorm in Beijing and Tianjin area, the accumulation of large state-owned mechanized farms management and alpine regions of afforestation and breeding experience, built a large timber forest base, production, small diameter timber, approved by the state Planning Commiion, the State Forestry Department set up under the Saihanba in in 1962, Saihanba spirit after Saihanba founders half a century to carry forward the “diligence field, carve, scientific truth-seeking, dedication, selfle dedication”, will be the former barren plateau, build vast artificial forest green, become a bright pearl in China's forestry battlefront.But because the four basic tasks for building field at the beginning of the afforestation direction Saihanba, resulting in plantations mainly Larch species mainly, supplemented by a small amount of green tree species, Pinus sylvestris Picea, Pinus tabulaeformis, because the initial planting density is too large, natural pruning significantly, and most of the artificial pruning busine operations, the afforest nursery stock value in decreasing or basic does not exist, the subsequent greening seedlings strength is obviously insufficient, existence suspended phenomenon.二、对木材市场需求的简要分析

Two, the brief analysis to the timber market demand

塞罕坝机械林场作为差额事业单位，多年来销售落叶松木材作为经济来源渠道之一，由于受多种因素的制约，主要作为矿柱使用，加之少量民用建材，脚手架子及支架。通过市场调研，矿柱占我场生产木材的70%左右。随着煤矿采掘方式的改进，科技含量的提高，大型国有矿区均采用液压生产线，木材用量极少。中小煤矿也在关、停、整改、重组，科技含量逐年提高，木材用量日益减少。房

http://www.daodoc.com/ 屋建筑门窗均已采用铝合金、塑钢、断桥铝，甚至木制柁、檩材也逐渐被钢制品取代，木脚手架也被钢架所取代，所以木材用量会稳中有降，保持在一个平稳的状态。同时随着人民生活水平的不断提高，人们对生态建设，生态文化的迫切需求，城市绿化，特别是中小城镇的绿化力度的加大，绿化苗木的需求量将逐年提高，且稳中有升。

Saihanba mechanical forest farm as the difference between busine units, for many years sales of larch wood as one of economic sources, due to various factors, mainly used as pillar, and a small amount of civil building materials, hand and foot shelf and the bracket.Through market research, pillar accounted for about 70% of my timber production.With the development of coal mining method, technological content increasing, large state-owned coal mine adopts hydraulic production line, wood with little dosage.Medium and small coal mines in Guan, stopped, rectification, restructuring, scientific and technological content increased year by year, the wood consumption decreasing.Housing construction windows and doors are made of aluminum alloy, steel, aluminium, and even a wooden pillars, purlin material is gradually being replaced steel products, wooden scaffolding is replaced by a steel frame, so the wood consumption will steadily, maintained at a steady state.At the same time, with the continuous improvement of living standards, people on the ecological construction, urgent need, ecological culture of the city green, especially increase the small towns green strength, green seedlings demand will increase year by year, and has steady rise.三、绿化苗木市场及需求现状

Three, the status of green seedlings Market and demand

一是大规格苗木供不应求，市场价格居高不下。由于近年来城市绿化和道旁植树迅速发展，大规格、成品苗木需求剧增，随着城市绿化进程的逐步加快，云杉、樟子松、油松常绿乔木是北方地区城市绿化的首选，当前的成品苗木生产量与市场需求相比还存在很大缺口。二是绿化种苗呈多品种发展趋势，新品种受到市场青睐。随着城市生态功能和景观效果的要求提高，绿化市场越来越要求树木品种的多样化，目前新品种种苗的推出速度远远不能满足市场需求。三是彩叶乔灌木保持旺销势头。城市绿地中以各色灌木组成的绿化色带是城市的一道亮丽风景，五角枫、红瑞木、白桦、蒙古栎等阔叶树树种市场前景广阔。四是容器苗木将成为今后绿化苗木培育的发展方向之一。容器苗木具有栽植成活率高、缓苗期短、栽植不受季节限制、绿化施工方便、绿化效果好和适合工厂化育苗等优点，是各地造林绿化的首要选择。

One is the large seedlings in short supply, the market prices.In recent years, city greening and road planting rapid development, large size, finished seedlings surge in demand, with the speeding up of the proce of the city greening, spruce, pine, Pinus tabulaeformis evergreen trees

is the North City Greening of choice, compared with the current product seedling production and market demand is still a big gap.Two is a development trend of green seedlings of many varieties, new varieties, favored by the market.With the development of city ecological function and landscape requirements improve, green market increasingly requires diverse species of trees, the new varieties of seeds and seedlings to launch speed is far from meeting the market demand.Three is the colorful shrubs maintain popular momentum.City green space with all the shrubs green ribbon is a beautiful scenery in the city, five maple, red wood, birch, oak and other broad-leaved tree species in Mongolia market prospects.Four is the container seedlings will be the future direction of development of greening seedlings.Container seedlings with high survival rate, seedling planting slow, not limited by season, green and convenient construction, good greening effect and advantages for factory seedling planting, is the first choice of afforestation around.四、用材林与绿化苗木之间的效益分析

Analysis between four, timber and the benefits of green seedlings

绿化树种市场需求高度在1米以上，栽育周期在8年左右，其中以1.5米—3米之间高度最为畅销。除苗木高生长期时，其他时期均可销售。如果采用容器桶培养方式，可以提高科技含量，缩短培育周期，同时克服了裸根培育苗木给销售带来的诸多不利因素，经济效益将明显提高。用材树种培育周期长，见效慢。相对比，一株胸径18cm、高14m的落叶松产木材约为0.15立方米，木材单价按1100元/立方米，其经济价值为165元,其培育周期约为30年。而10年生绿化苗木高2—3米，其经济价值为250元，30年生绿化苗木是同等培育周期用材林的8—10倍，甚至还高，其培育费用基本持平。

The market demand of greening tree species in the 1 meters high, plant breeding cycle in about 8 years, which sold 1.5 meters3 meters, its economic value is 250 yuan, 30 years of green seedlings is 8-10 times the same period of cultivation of timber forests, even high, its cultivation cost roughly the same.五、对塞罕坝绿化苗木培育的建议

http://www.daodoc.com/ Five, on the advice of Saihanba greening seedlings

近几年来，随着农业产业结构调整和西部大开发战略的实施，以及各大中小城市绿化速度及质量的提高，各种规格的园林绿化苗木将继续走俏，价格会继续攀升，园林绿化苗木正面临发展良机。而我场作为河北地区面积最大的人工林林场，在强化生态环境建设的同时，严格贯彻落实科学经营、持续利用的经营方针，以森林市场成熟理论为指导，依托市场，积极发展绿化苗木产业，把塞罕坝打造成华北地区绿化苗木基地。一是适当调整绿化苗木培育比例。针对每年的工程造林面积，在保证用材林建设比例的同时，以用材、用苗双向培育为目标，调整区域布局和种植结构，适当加大绿化苗木培育力度,实现塞罕坝林木资源培育方式的多元化。二是发挥林下空间，提高林地使用效率。依据现有的《商品林经营技术规程》，在亩保留低于30 In recent years, with the implementation of agricultural industrial structure adjustment and the western development strategy, and each major and medium small city greening rate and improve the quality, specifications of the landscape nursery stock will continue to sell well, prices will continue to rise, landscape is facing development opportunities.I field in Hebei as the largest area of plantation in the field, strengthen ecological environment construction, strictly implement the scientific management, sustainable use of busine policy, forest market mature theory as the guide, relying on the market, actively develop green seedlings industry, stuffed rare dam into North China green seedlings base.One is the appropriate adjustments to greening seedling ratio.According to the annual afforestation area, to ensure the construction of commercial forest proportion, with timber, seedlings in the two-way training as the goal, adjust the regional distribution and the planting structure, increasing green seedlings cultivation, realizing diversification of Saihanba forest resources cultivation mode.The two is to play forest space, improve the efficiency of land use.Based on the existing “commercial forest management technology regulations”, kept below 30 in Mu