初中英语定语从句学案_初中英语定语从句示例

初中英语定语从句学案由刀豆文库小编整理，希望给你工作、学习、生活带来方便，猜你可能喜欢“初中英语定语从句示例”。

一、定语从句的概念

般放在________的后面。

二、定语从句的关系词

在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫_______,定语从句一 引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词,常见的关系代词包括that, which, who(宾格whom,所有格whose)等,关系副词包where, when, why等。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用,同时又作定语从句的重要成分。

三、定语从句的分类

根据定语从句与先行词的关系,定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。限制性定语从句紧跟先行词,主句与从句不用逗号分开,从句不可省去,非限制性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号分开,起补充说明作用,如省去,意思仍完整。

四、关系代词的用法

1.that 既可以用于指人,也可以用于指物。在从句中作主语或宾语,作主语时不可省略,作宾语可省略。例如: ___________________________________________.玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。(that作____)

The coat(that)I put on the desk is blue.________________________。(that作_____)

2.which用于指物,在句中作主语或宾语,作主语不可省略,作宾语可省略。例如:

The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket.____________。(作_____)__________________________________.我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很好看。(作宾语)

3.who, whom用于指人,who 用作__语,whom用作___语。在口语中,有时可用who代替whom, 也可省略。例如:

The girl who often helps me with my English is from England._______________________。(作__语)

Who is the teacher(whom)Li Ming is talking to?____________________________________?(作_语)

注意:(1)当定语从句中含有介词,介词放在句末时,who, that, which可省略,但介词在关系代词前时,只能用“介词+which/whom”结构。例如:

This is the house in which we lived last year.___________________________________。

Please tell me from whom you borrowed the English novel._______________________________。

(2)含有介词的固定动词词组中,介词不可前置,只能放在原来的位置上。例如:

This is the person whom you are looking for._______________________________________。

(3)that 作介词的宾语时,介词不能放它的前面,只能放在从句中动词的后面。例如:

The city that she lives in is very far away.___________________________________。

(4)关系词只能用that的情况:

a.先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰,或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时,只能用that,而不用which.例如:

He was the first person that paed the exam.他是第一个通过考试的人。

b.被修饰的先行词为all, any, much, many, everything, anything, none, the one等不定代词时,只能用that,而不用which.例如:

Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop? 你在商店里有什么东西要买吗?

c.先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last, little, few 等词修饰时,只能用that,而不用which.例如:

This is the same bike that I lost.这就是我丢的那辆自行车。

d.先行词里同时含有人或物时,只能用that, 而不用which.例如:

I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room.我能清楚记得我在那个房间所见到的人和一些照片。

e.以who或which引导的特殊疑问句,为避免重复,只能用that.例如:

Who is the girl that is crying? 正在哭泣的那个女孩是谁?

f.主句是there be 结构,修饰主语的定语从句用that,而不用which.例如:

There is a book on the desk that belongs to Tom.桌子上那本书是汤姆的。

(5)关系词只能用which,而不用that 的情况:

a.先行词为that, those时,用which, 而不用that.例如:

What’s that which is under the desk? 在桌子底下的那些东西是什么?

b.关系代词前有介词时,一般用which,而不用that.例如:

This is the room in which he lives.这是他居住的房间。

c.引导非限制性定语从句,用which, 而不用that.例如:

Tom came back, which made us happy.汤姆回来了,这使我们很高兴。

五、关系副词的用法

(1)when指时间,其先行词表示时间,在句中作时间状语。例如:

This was the time when he arrived.这是他到达的时间。

(2)where指地点,其先行词表示地点,在句中作地点状语。例如:

This is the place where he works.这是他工作的地点。

(3)why 指原因,其先行词是原因,起原因状语作用。例如:

Nobody knows the reason why he is often late for school.没人知道他为什么上学总迟到。

I.单项填空。

1.-Do you know the man ______is talking with your father?

-Yes, he’s our headmaster.A.he B.who C.which D.whom

2.Is this the river _____I can swim?

A.which B.in which C.that D.the one

3.This is the best hotel in the city _____I know.A.where B.which C.that D.it

4.Can you lend me the dictionary ______the other day?

A.that you bought B.you bought it C.that you bought it D.which you bought it

5.Anyone ______with what I said may put up you hands.A.which agrees B.who agree C.who agrees D.which agree

6.My watch is not the only thing ______ is miing.A.that B.it C.which D.who

7.The man ______coat is black is waiting at the gate

A.who’s B.whose C.that of which.8.The girl ______ is reading under the tree _____my sister.A.which;is B.whom;was C.who;is D.who;was

9.I love places ______the people are really friendly.A.that B.which C.where D.who

10.The world ______ is made up of matter.A.in that we live B.on which we live C.where we live in D.we live in

Ⅱ.用适当的关系代词that, which, who, whom填空。

1.The first thing ______you must do is to have a meal.2.April 1st is the day _____is called April Fool’s Day in the west.3.The family _____had lost everything in a big fire got much help from their friends.4.The house _____we live in is very old.5.Didn’t you see the man ______I talked with just now?

21.The famous scientist grew up________ he was born and in 1930 he came to Shanghai.A.when

B.whenever

C.where

D.wherever 22.The Parkers bought a new house but ________ will need a lot of work before they can move in.A.they

B.it

C.one

D.which 23.Is this factory ______ you worked at?

A.the one

B.which

C.that

D.where

24.Is this the factory _______ you worked?

A.where

B.which

C.that

D.the one

25.---Does the teacher know everybody _______ planted the trees?

---Yes, he does.A.which

B.whose

C.where

D.who

26.The letter _______ I received from him yesterday is very important.A.who

B.where

C.what

D.that

27.---Where is the scientist ________ gave us the talk yesterday?

---He has gone back to Qinghua University.A.whom

B.who

C.whose

D.which

28.I hate people _______ talk much but do little.A.whose

B.whom

C.which

D.who

29.Do you know a boy ______ sister is a nurse in a hospital?

A.who

B.that

C.whom

D.whose

30.Is there a shop near here______ we can buy vegetables and fruits?

A.which

B.when

C.who

D.where 宾语从句练习：

在宾语从句中要注意三个要素，1连接词that, if(whether)和疑问词做连词。2语序，必须是陈述句的语序。3时态，主句是一般现在，从句可以是你所需要的任何时态；主句是过去时，从句也必须是相应的过去时态(一般过去，过去完成，过去进行，过去将来)，如果宾语从句是真理或永恒不变的事物，不改变时态。

（）1.Do you know _____ this time yesterday?

A.who are they waiting

B.who they are waiting for

C.who were they waiting D.who they were waiting for（）2.Could you tell us ____ ?

A.if your father does

B.what does your father do

C.your father does what D.what your father does（）3.Can you tell me what ______ next Sunday? A.will they do B.they would do C.would they do D.they will do（）4.She asked me if I knew ______.A.whose pen was it B.whose pen it was C.whose pen it is D.whose pen is it（）5.Excuse me, could you tell me ______ ?

A.when can I get to the station B.I can get to which station

C.which station I can get to

D.how I can get to the station（）6.Can you tell me where ______ ?.A.is the post office B.the post office is C.does the post office D.the post office does（）7.Do you know who ______ with at eight yesterday ?

A.he is talking B.was he talking C.he was talking D.is he talking（）8.They wondered if the teacher ______ us English the next term.A.would teach B.had taught C.will teach D.taught（）9.He told me that the sun ______ in the east.A.rises B.raises C.rose D.raised（）10.The boy asked ______ any noise from outside.A.whether had I heard

B.whether I had heard

C.whether have I heard D.whether I have heard（）11.This map will show you _______.A.where is the Summer Palace

B.where the Summer Palace is C.where is the Summer Palace like D.how the Summer Palace is like

（）12.My brother ________ to the ground while ________ his bicycle and hurt his leg.A.falls;is he riding B.fell;he was riding C.falls;he is riding D.felt;was he riding