易错易混英语词语辨析 附例题_易混易错词语辨析

易错易混英语词语辨析 附例题由刀豆文库小编整理，希望给你工作、学习、生活带来方便，猜你可能喜欢“易混易错词语辨析”。

CF.idea, concept¬ion 这些名词均有“思想”、“观点”、观念”之意。idea最普通，几乎适用于任何方面的思维活动。

concept指从众多实例中通过概括、归纳而形成的对事物本质、全貌及其内部联系的比较系统的概念或看法。notion指的是一种模糊的、变化莫测的想法，无可靠的基础，是未经深思熟虑的、甚至让人觉得荒谬的观点。(Directions:)Fill in the blanks with the words above.Change the form where neceary.(1)She seemed unfamiliar with the ______ that everyone should have an equal opportunity.(=concept)(2)I have no _____ how she managed to do this.(= idea/notion)

(3)I had a silly _____ that he would come back and beg me for forgivene.(=notion)(4)Don't get any _____ about revenge.(=ideas)CF.standard& criterion 这两个名词均含“标准”之意。

standard指公认为决定事物质量或人的品质的准则或原则。例如：

*All restaurants in the town with a low standard of hygiene have been forced to close.城里所有卫生水准低的餐馆都被迫关门了。

criterion较正式用词，指判断、批评事物的标准，但不一定制成了规章。例如：

*What are the criteria for deciding who gets the prize? 评定获奖者以什么作

标准。

CF: hold, own, poe& keep 这些动词均有“有”、“具有”、“持有”之意。

hold指拥有并保持财产及持有见解等，暗示不让别人拿走或占有。

own不及poe正式多指所属关系，强调所有权，不管所属物是否在物主手中。poe较正式，指拥有或占有并能加以控制与支配，强调其归属；也指具有某种品质、才能、特点或性能等。keep指长时间地保有、保存某物，防止别人占去，强调安全和感情上的依附。(Directions:)Fill in the blanks with the words above.Change the form where neceary.(1)As a leader, he ______ great tact.(=poees)

(2)His family ______ a great deal of real estate all over the world.(= holds)

(3)Though he ______ the restaurant, he is not involved in the management of it.(=owns)

(4)I don't know which is more difficult—to earn money or to _____ it.(=keep)CF: fasten, tie, bind& chain 这些动词都有“扎牢”、“捆”、“绑”之意。

fasten指把某物牢牢地拴在、钉在或锁在另一物上，使不能任意移动。tie普通用词，指用绳索等将东西扎紧捆牢。

bind多指把两个或两个以上的人或物牢牢地系或扎在一起。

chain专指用链条或金属环将某人或某物锁住或系住。

(Directions:)Fill in the blanks with the words above.Change the form where neceary.(1)She ____ her shoes and kept jogging.(=tied)(2)The feeling that _____ him to her is quite strong.(=binds)(3)_____ your seat belt please.(=Fasten)(4)He ____ his dog to a tree and went inside the house.(=chained)CF: join, combine, unite& connect 这些动词均有“连接”、“结合”、“联合”之意。

join强调把原来不相连接的物紧密地连接在一起，但仍可再分开。也指把分散的人或几个部分的人联合起来，或加入到某团体中去。combine 指两个或两个以上的人或物结合在一起。unite 指联合、团结、结合在一起，构成一个整体。

connect 指两事物在某一点上相连接，但彼此又保持独立。

(Directions:)Fill in the blanks with the words above.Change the form where neceary.(1)The attack on their country ______ squabbling political factions in a common purpose.(= united)(2)Most women ______ the union asking for equal pay for equal work.(= joined)

(3)When bad men ______, the good must aociate.(= combine)(4)The two men are ______ by marriage.(=connected)CF.oppose, defy & resist这些动词均含有“反抗”、“抵抗”之意。

oppose 普通用词，可表不同程度的抵抗。

defy 指公开地、勇敢地反对或抵抗，有时含公然挑衅之意。

resist 指积极地反抗一种攻击、暴力或诱惑。

(Directions:)Fill in the blanks with the words above.Change the form whereneceary.(1)Our troopers are _______ the enemies’ attacks.(=resisting)

(2)This new plan has been stubbornly ______ since it was put forward.(=opposed)(3)The little boy couldn’t ______ the temptation and ate up all the cake.(=resist)(4)He _____ the court order by leaving the country.(=defied)

CF.affection, love & attachment这些名词均含“爱”、“热爱”之意。

affection 指对人的爱慕或深厚、温柔的感情，强调感情的深沉。love比affection的语气更强。表示一种难以控制的激情。

attachment 通常用于书面文字中，既可指对某人某物的喜欢，又可指出自理智对某人或某物的热爱，尤指长时间的爱。

(Directions:)Fill in the blanks with the words above.(1)Father looked at his little daughter in the white wedding dre withgreat ________ and a little sadne.(= affection)(2)I never realize my _______ to the comforts of home until I have to leaveit.(=attachment)(3)The young couple _______ each other so much that they can’t stand a moment apart.(=love)

CF.haste, speed & hurry这些名词均含“迅速”、“急速”之意。

haste 中性词，用作褒义指动作迅速，事情做得又快又好；作贬义用时，指做事急躁，行为鲁莽，得不到预期的结果。

speed 多用于褒义，指行动敏捷，效果好。

hurry 指急速从事某项活动或匆忙对付一件事情，含明显慌乱的意思。(Directions:)Fill in the blanks with the words above.Change the form whereneceary.(1)Don't let anyone ______ you into making a decision you'll regret later.(= hurry)(2)In his ______ to leave, he forgot his briefcase.(=haste)(3)Postal workers labored overtime to ______ delivery of the Christmas mail.(=speed)(4)If you don't ______, you'll mi the plane.(=hurry)CF: arise, originate & result这些动词均有“起源”、“源自”之意。arise多与from连用，强调指从无到有的产生，表一种因果关系。originate 强调产生变化的起源。result 强调变化的最终结果。

(Directions:)Fill in the blanks with the words above.Change the form whereneceary.(1)Our efforts _______ in succe.(=resulted)

(2)This is a mistake that _______ from a basic misunderstanding.(= arises)

(3)The concept of “zero” _______ in India.(=originated)

(4)There are some problems ______ out of the lack of communication.(=arising)CF: acquire, obtain, gain & get这些动词均含“获得”、“取得”、“得到”之意。

acquire 强调通过不断的、持续的努力而获得某物，也指日积月累地渐渐地获得。书面语用词。

obtain 较正式用词，着重指通过付出巨大努力而得到所需或盼望已久的东西。gain 强调指经过努力或有意识行动而取得某种成就，获得某种利益或好处。

get 普通用词，使用广泛，可指以任何方式得到某物，也不一定要经过努力。

(Directions:)Fill in the blanks with the words above.Change the form whereneceary.(1)He always manages to ______ what he wants.(=obtain/get)(2)Recently he _______ a small fortune in real estate.(=gained)(3)It takes a long time to _______ a good knowledge of English.(=acquire)(4)I _____ noting but trouble for my efforts.(=got)CF: adequate, enough & sufficient这些形容词均含“足够的”、“充足的”之意。adequate 指数量上足够，质量上适当。

enough 最普通用词，口语、书面语都可用，较强调分量或数量的足够，多指希望的满足。sufficient 正式用词，强调数目、数量或程度达到某一特定要求或需要。(Directions:)Fill in the blanks with the words above.(1)Seven hours sleep is _____ for an adult.(= sufficient)(2)I hope you left _______ room for my luggage in the back of the car.(=enough)(3)Is 20 pounds ______ for your expenses?(= sufficient)(4)The skater's technique was only _______.(=adequate)CF: cla, degree, grade & rank这些名词均有“级”、“等级”之意。cla含义广泛，指人或物按优劣划分的等级，也指学校中的年级或班级。degree指不同的程度、范围。也可指形容词或副词的级。grade指按地位或优劣划分的等级，既可指人又可指物。rank指人在社会中的地位或等级，尤指军队中的军衔。(Directions:)Fill in the blanks with the words above.*We are in the same ______________ in math.(=cla)*Wilma has a lot of responsibility but she is still on a secretarial ___________.(=grade)*There are different views about the ___________ to which unemployment is society’s fault.(=degree)

*Bates is very young to be promoted to the _______ of General.(=rank)CF: ensure, insure, guarantee & pledge这些动词都有“保证”之意。

insure常与ensure换用，但前者多指经济方面的保证、保险。而ensure强调使人相信某事必将发生，还有“保证”、“获得”、“保证赋予”的意思。

guarantee 指对事物的品质或人的行为及履行义务、义务等承担责任的保证。

pledge 正式用词，指通过郑重许诺、协议或立誓等保证承担某一义务或遵守某一原则。*The UK government has _________ that the wishes of the minority community in Northern Ireland will be respected.(=pledged)*I would advise you to _________ the painting for at least $100,000.(=insure)*This oven is __________ for one year against failure.(=guaranteed)*All security measures have been taken to _________ their safety.(=ensure)drop sb.a line

给人写短信（便条）on the right lines

正确，对的in line with

与……一致be in sb.’s line

是某人的专长take a firm line on 对某事采取坚定的态度(Directions:)Fill in the blanks with the expreions above.(1)I’m afraid cooking isn’t really ____________.(=in my line.)

(2)These new proposals are certainly _______________.(=on the right lines)(3)_______ and let me know how you’re getting on.(=Drop me a line)(4)What __________ is he in?(=line of busine)(5)We really should ___________(=take a firm line)on drug abuse so as to eliminate such a prevailing phenomenon.NB: counter-是一个前缀，表达的意思是“相反的”。例如： counterattack

反击counteract

抵消，对抗counterbalance

使……平衡countermeasure

对策counterrevolution 反革命counterpart

两方面地位、职务相当的人

(Directions:)Fill in the blanks with the words above.(1)She was banished from her own country because she was engaged in a ______________.(=counter-revolution)

(2)This medicine can ______________ the poison.(=counteract)(3)His intelligence, to a large extent, _________ his quick temper.(=counterbalance)(4)New ________________ against terrorism is badly needed.(=countermeasure)(5)Chinese Premier is discuing this iue with his British _________.(=counterpart)(6)The general decided on a swift ___________ as the enemy was totally mad about the former victory.(=counterattack)CF: cry, shout, exclaim & scream 这些动词的均有“喊”、“叫”之意。

cry 一般指因恐惧、痛苦、惊奇等而喊叫。

shout 指有意识地高声喊叫，常用于提出警告、不满、发命令或唤起注意等。exclaim 多指因高兴、愤怒、痛苦、惊讶等突发感情而高声喊叫。scream 指因恐惧、快乐或痛苦而发出尖叫声。

(Directions:)Fill in the blanks with the words above.Change the form whereneceary.(1)She was _______ hysterically.(=screaming)(2)The police _______ out a warning.(=shouted)(3)A baby can

as soon as it is born.(=cry)(4)The newspaper _______ against the government’s action.(=exclaimed)(5)The crowd

slogans and threw stones at the police.(=shouted)CF: cheat, deceive, trick & fool 这些动词均含有“欺骗”之意。

cheat较为普通，指用蒙蔽他人的手段取得所需之物，尤多指在赢利的买卖中骗人。例如：*He cheated the old woman out of her money.他骗了老妇人的钱。

deceive指用虚假外表使人信以为真，或蓄意歪曲事实，或造成错误印象使人上当受骗。例如：*We were deceived into believing he could help us.我们受骗了，还以为他会帮助我们。

trick指用阴谋诡计等骗得信任或得到所需之物。例如：*She tricked me into admitting responsibility.她哄骗我承担责任。

fool指把某人当傻瓜，愚弄欺骗某人。例如： *Don’t fool me again.别又把我当傻瓜。CF: accomplish, achieve, fulfill & complete 这些动词均含有“完成”之意。

accomplish指成功地完成了规定的工作、计划、任务等，侧重强调达到预期目的的整个过程。

achieve指通过持续的努力而完成或实现，特别强调由于非常努力，克服困难后达到目的。fulfill指达到预定的目标，如计划的完成、职责的履行、诺言的实现、任务的完成等。complete指完成一件指派或预定的任务，或完善、完整未完成的部分。

CF: counsel, advise, caution, warn

这些动词均有“劝告”、“忠告”、“警告”之意。

counsel 正式用词，语气比advise强一些，侧重指对重要问题提出的劝告、建议或咨询。

advise

普通用词，泛指劝告，不涉及对方是否听从劝告。

caution 主要指针对潜在危险而提出的警告，含告诫别人小心从事的意味。warn

含义与caution相同，但语气较重，尤指就某个严重的后果给人警告。

(Directions:)Fill in the blanks with the words above.Change the form where neceary.(1)Put that ball down and come over here, Laura － I'm ______ you.(=warning)(2)They're _____ that children be kept out of the sun altogether.(=advising)(3)My job involves ______ unemployed people on/about how to find work.(=counseling)(4)I'd ______ waiting until tomorrow.(=advise)

(5)The newspaper ______ its readers against buying shares without getting good advice first.(=cautioned)(6)We were not to eat the fish which might give us a slight stomach upset.(=warned)CF: refuse, decline, reject 这三个动词均含“拒绝”之意。refuse

语气较重，指态度坚决，肯定无疑地拒绝。decline 指婉言谢绝他人的帮助或邀请等。

reject

多指由于某物、某事、某行为不能让人满意而被当面直截了当地拒绝。(Directions:)Fill in the blanks with the words above.Change the form whereneceary.(1)The appeal was _____ by the High Court.(=rejected)(2)We asked them to come to our party, but they _____.(=declined)(3)I applied for a job as a mechanic in a local garage, but I was _______.(=rejected)(4)He asked her to marry him but she ______.(=refused)(5)He's in trouble but he's _______ all(my offers of)help.(=refused)CF: resident , citizen, native这三个名词均含有“居民”、“公民”之意。resident

长期居住或暂时居住的居民，有时也指旅居者。citizen

具有某国国籍或有某地区合法身份的人，即公民。native

本地居民。

(Directions:)Fill in the blanks with the words above.(1)The local ______ were angry at the lack of parking spaces.(=residents)(2)He is a _____ of New York City but lives mostly in California.(=native)(3)He applied to become an American _____.(=citizen)(4)He reaured people that law-abiding ______ would have nothing to fear from theenquiries.(=citizens)(5)The hotel bar was only open to _____.(=residents)(6)Before coming to this pacific country he was not certain whether the _______ are friendly to the foreigners like him.(natives)CF: inspect, examine, investigate 这些动词都有“调查”、“检查”之意。

inspect

检查，审视。意在找出不足或不同之处。

examine

检查。可指粗略地查看，也可指仔细观察或调查以确定事物的性质、功能、特点等。

investigate 调查。指为发现事实真相或了解掌握情况而进行深入细致的观察或查询。(Directions:)Fill in the blanks with the words above.Change the form whereneceary.(1)She held the bank note up to the light and _____ it carefully.(=inspected)(2)The doctor______ her carefully.(=examined)(3)We are of course ______ how an error like this could have occurred.(=investigating)(4)After the crash both drivers got out and _____ their cars for damage.(=inspected)(5)My bags were ______ when I entered the country.(=examined)CF: ailment,illne, disease & complaint 这些名词均有“疾病”之意。ailment指身体或精神不适，尤其指小毛病。例如：

*His ailment was only a slight headache.他身体不舒服，有点轻微的头痛。illne泛指一切疾病，强调生病的时间或状态。例如：

*Her mother was just recovering from an illne.他妈妈生了一场病，刚刚

复。disease指具体的疾病，且通常较严重，发病时间也较长。例如： *She suffers from a rare disease of the brain.她得了罕见的脑病。complaint指具体部位的疾病，尤其指不是很严重的那种。例如：

*He is having treatment for a chest complaint.他正在接受胸部疾病的治疗。CF: tremendous, huge, vast &giant这些形容词均有“巨大的，庞大的”之意。tremendous指某物非常大，大得惊人。强调尺寸大小、数量以及程度方面的大。huge含义广，强调体积或容积的庞大。也可用于引申意义。vast多指空间、面积、范围的巨大，不涉及重量。

giant非常大，强调比同类中的其他事务大得多。

(Directions:)Fill in the blanks with the words above.Change the form where neceary.(1)Be careful.The forest is full of ________snakes and spiders.（= giant）(2)King's new novel will undoubtedly be a ________ succe.（= huge）(3)She praised her husband for the ________support he had given her.(=tremendous)(4)________ areas of the Amazon rainforest have been destroyed.(=Vast)CF: transmit, send& deliver 这些动词均含“送出”、“发送”、“传送”之意。transmit指通过无线电、电视或其他类似的设备将信号、消息等发送出去或指传

播知识、疾病等。例如：

*The system transmits information over digital phone lines.这个系统通过数字电话线发送信息。*Cultural values are transmitted from parent to child.文化价值观由父母传递给孩子。send最常用，含义广，指把人或物由一地送往另一地，而不涉及事物的内容传 送的方式。例如：

*We sent Mom flowers for Mother's Day.母亲节我们送花给母亲。

deliver指把信件、包裹等物寄发出去或交到某地，或直接交与某人，着重发送

这一行为。例如：

*The morning mail has just been delivered.晨报刚刚送到。

CF: identify, recognize& make out这些动词均含“认出，识别”之意。identify指辨别、确定人的身份或物品的归属等。recognize所辨认的人或物多是以前所熟悉的。make out通常指通过人的感觉器官来辨别事物。

(Directions:)Fill in the blanks with the words above.Change the form where neceary.(1)I didn't ________ you in your uniform.（= recognize）

(2)His accent ________ him as a Frenchman.（= identified）

(3)He could just ________a dark shape moving towards him.(=make out)(4)Scientists have ________ the gene that causes abnormal growth.(=identified)CF: peculiarity, trait&attribute 这些名词均有“特性”、“特点”、“品质”之意。

peculiarity指人或事物独具的或奇怪的特点，常带感情色彩。

trait多指人的性格、心情的特征，尤指先天秉赋的持久的行为模式或性格特征。attribute通常指好的或有用的特征、品质。

(Directions:)Fill in the blanks with the words above.Change the form where neceary.(1)Courage, love, patience and common sense are desirable ________.(=traits)(2)One of his ________ is that his two eyes are not the same color.(=peculiarities)(3)He poees the eential ________ of a journalist.(=attributes)CF:aign, distribute, divide& allocate这些动词均含“分配”、“分发”之意。

aign指分配某项任务给某人或让某人负责某事；也可指为某事指定时间、地点。distribute通常指将整体或定量分为若干份来分配。

divide普通用词，强调将某物分成若干份分配给他人，当某物一分为二时，含平均分配之意。allocate将某物划归特殊用途使用或将某物划拨给特定的人。

(Directions:)Fill in the blanks with the words above.Change the form where neceary.(1)The Wall used to ________ East and West Berlin.（=divide）

(2)The Ford Foundation ________ millions of dollars for cancer research.(=allocated）

(3)Clothes and blankets have been ________ among the refugees.(=distributed)(4)I've been ________ the task of looking after the new students.(=aigned)