unit 3 Book 8 词汇讲解_book6unit3词汇讲解
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call up 打电话，使…回忆起
call back召唤某人回来；再访；回电话
call for需要，要求，接（人或物）
call in邀请；请来
call on拜访（人）
call at拜访（某地）
1、distinguish vi&vt.显示……的差别；使……有所不同；辨别
I can distinguish them at a distance.从远处我就能认出他们。
She distinguished herself as a black lawyer.她成了一位杰出的黑人律师。
常用结构：
distinguish A fromB辨别A与B
distinguish between...and...辨别……和……
be distinguished by以……为特征
be distinguished for因……而著称
distinguish oneself显扬自己；使自己扬名
用法点拨： distinguish常用于否定句，且常与can或could连用。tell也可以表示“辨认，辨别”，常与can或could连用，主要用于否定句或疑问句中。
【即学即练】
用适当的介词填空
①Can you distinguish_______ those two objects?
②Speech distinguishes human beings ______ the animals.③The Chinese nation is distinguished ________ its diligence and courage.答案：①between②from③for
单项填空
④It is not easy to________ cultured pearls from genuine pearls.A.distinguishB.separate
C.identityD.recognize
解析：选A。distinguish...from.辨别，把……和……区别开；separate...from把……隔开。identity辨别；recognize认出，这两个词后面都不跟from。
2.bear vt.(bore，borne)忍受；忍耐；负担
(1)bear doing/n./to do忍受……
bear sb./sb.’s doing sth.忍受某人做某事
(2)bear sb./sth.out证实；为……作证
bear with sb./sth.耐心对待；容忍
bear sth.in mind牢记
3.aociate vt.联想，联系 n． 同伴，伙伴
(1)aociate sb./sth.with sb./sth.把……和……联系在一起；由……联想到……
be aociated with...和……有关
aociate with sb.与某人交往或常打交道
aociate oneself with sth.声称或表示自己赞同某事物
(2)aociation n．联合；联想；交往；协会；团体
in aociation with...与……合伙/合作
4.convenient adj.便利的;方便的;就近的Please come whenever it is convenient to you.方便的时候,请随时来。
Living in a big city is convenient.住在大城市是方便的。
Will it be convenient for you to come in the morning?
你上午来方便吗？
常用结构：
be convenient to/for sb.对某人方便
It is convenient to do sth.做某事方便
if it suits a person’s convenience如果对某人方便
at your convenience在你方便的时候
for the convenience of sb.为了某人方便
【即学即练】
完成句子
①你什么时候方便呢？
When is it ______ _______ you?
②我们的房子离商店很近。
Our house is very ______ ______ the shops.答案：①convenient for/to②convenient for
单项填空
③Our new house is very ______ for me as I can get to the office in five minutes.A.adaptableB.comfortable
C.convenientD.available
解析:选C。由in five minutes可以看出此处为“便利的，方便的”。故选C。
5.bear vt.忍受；忍耐；负担
Mrs.Ann Bader bears all expenses.安妮·巴德太太承担一切费用。
He could not bear that his friends should laugh at him.他不能忍受朋友们竟然嘲笑他。
常用结构：
bear...in mind记住……
bear with sb./sth.耐心对待，容忍某人/某物
bear doing/sth./to do忍受……
bear sb.’s doing sth.忍受某人做的某事
温馨提示：bear表示“忍受”其后可跟doing sth.表示习惯性动作，也可跟to do sth.表示某一次具体动作，且多与 can, could及be able to连用，用于疑问句或否定句中。作“生产，生育”讲时，有两种过去分词形式：指“出生，出自”时用born,且仅用于被动形式;表示“生育”时用 borne。常见近义词：endure,tolerate,stand等。
【即学即练】
完成句子
①记住要厉行节约。
______ _____ _____ that you’ll have to practice economy.②她受不了他的暴脾气。
She could not ______ _______ his violent temper.答案：①Bear in mind②bear with
单项填空
③I don’t think our relationship could _______ the strain of her mother visiting for a month.A.bearB.tellC.put upD.hold
解析:选A。bear承受，符合句意。tell区别，告诉；put up 举起，张贴；hold持有。
4.call up给……打电话
【联想拓展】
call back召回；回电话；收回处理
call on/at拜访(on后跟人；at后跟地点名词)
call for要求，提倡，为……叫喊
call forth使产生；引起；使起作用
call out出动，唤起，大声叫唤
call in召集，召来，来访
call off取消或延期
【即学即练】
完成句子
①我认为我们最好收回这份声明。
I think we’d better ______ ______ the statement.②我很冒昧这么晚来拜访你。
I have made bold to ______ ______you at such a late hour.③这张旧照片让我想起了我的童年。
The old photo ______ _______memories of my childhood.④困境能使一个人产生最好的品格。
A difficult situation can ______ ______a person’s best qualities.答案：①call back②call on③calls up④call forth
5.get through设法联系上（尤指打通电话）；（设法）做完；通过（考试）；耗尽，用完；使理解明白
【联想拓展】
get(sth.)acro(to sb.)（使某事）传播或为某人理解
get ahead(of sb.)领先（于某人）
get on/along with sb./sth.与某人和睦相处,某事取得进展
get away逃离或摆脱
get over sth.= overcome克服；战胜
get down to sth./doing sth.开始做某事；重视某事物，认真处理某事
get off动身；免于受罚
【即学即练】
完成句子
①她与她的同学们相处的很好。She______ ______ ______her clamates very well.②他们吃过午饭马上就动身了。They_______ _______ immediately after lunch.③他加快速度，想要超越其他人。He speeded up to ______ _______ ______ others.答案：①gets along with②got off③get ahead of
6.set about sth./doing sth.(不用于被动语态)开始（某工作）； 着手做某事
【联想拓展】
set sth.aside将某事物放在一边；（为某目的）节省或保留（钱或时间）
set sth.down将某事物记下来
set out出发；开始做；安排；摆放
set off开始（旅行、赛跑等）；动身；爆炸
set up建立，竖立
【即学即练】
完成句子
①新政府必须立即找出解决国家经济问题的办法。
The new government must _____ ______ finding solutions to the country’s economic problems.②他开始着手粉刷整幢房子,可是只完成了前面的部分。
He _______ _______ to paint the whole house but finished only the front part.③他们出发寻找失踪的孩子。
They _______ _______in search of the lost child.答案：①set about②set out③set off
7.The first thing I did was to see if there were any products that might help me, but there only seemed to be powders designed to kill snakes.（P20）
我先看看有没有能派得上用场的产品，好象只有一些用来杀死蛇的药粉。
在there be结构中，be的人称与数应遵循就近一致原则。
there be常见的形式有：there seems to be...／there happens to be...／there used to be.../there seems(to be)……
There was a bucket of water and two chairs in the corner of the house.在房子的角落里有一桶水和两把椅子。
There are two chairs and a bucket of water in the corner of the house.在房子的角落里有两把椅子和一桶水。
【即学即练】
完成句子
①这个孩子好像是健康的，但医生很担心。
The child seems _____ ______healthy, but the doctor is concerned.②这件事在我看来很有趣。
It seems to me ______ there’s something funny about the case.③看起来他不会来了。
There doesn’t seem _____ ______ much hope that he’ll come.答案：①to be②that③to be
【联想拓展】
seem的归纳总结：
①sth.／sb.seem(to be)+adj.／n.好像②It seems that...似乎，好像……
③It seems to sb.that...在某人看来好像……
④It seems as if／as though...看起来好像(后可接虚拟语气，也可接表真实的表语从句。)⑤There seems(to be)…… 好象……
It seems as if it were going to rain.看起来好像要下雨了。(天气好得很，不会下雨。)
It seems as if it is going to rain.看起来好像要下雨了。(真的快要下雨了。)
8.Between the outside and the inside walls of the bowl there is some jelly, which freezes when cooled.（P20）
在碗的内壁和外壁都抹上果冻，这些果冻冷却后会冻结。
when cooled的构成：连词+过去分词，相当于when 引导的状语从句when it is cooled。如果when／while引导的时间状语从句中的主语与主句的主语相同，常可用when／while + 现在分词短语或者过去分词短语的结构来代替。
When offered help, you should say “thank you” or “it’s very kind of you”.=When you are offered help, you should say “thank you” or “it’s very kind of you”.You must be careful when croing the street.=You must be careful when you cro the street.Seen from the hill, the city is beautiful.=If／When the city is seen from the hill, the city is beautiful.④Seeing from the hill, you call see that the whole city is beautiful.=If／When you see from the hill, you can see that the whole city is beautiful.【即学即练】
用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空
①Once _______(publish), this novel will be very popular!
② ___________(tell)many times, he still couldn’t understand.③The girls are talking excitedly,_______(follow)their teacher.答案：①published②Having been told③following
