美国文学期末复习完整版_美国文学选读期末复习

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09英升8班期末考试复习资料 知识点

Features of American Literature美国文学的3大特征

1.Freedom

2.Individuality

3.American dream(Equal opportunity)= to be self-made & to be strive to succe

Characters of Puritans 清教徒的4种品质

Hard work刻苦Thrift俭朴Piety虔诚Sobriety节制

Belief of Protestant 新教信仰

Original sin原罪

Total depravity彻底堕落

Predestination天意

Limited Atonement from God’s grace少数人得救赎

Transcendentalism 超验主义

The recognition in man of the capacity of knowing truth intuitively

The Lost Generation 迷惘的一代

What the Lost Generation had lost was its sense of being a part of American society.The Roaring Twenties 喧嚣的二十年代

It is also called “The Jazz age”.It was widespread affluence and conspicuous consumption.So, more emphasis on fun and le on duty become a part of the daily scene.作家作品、思想主旨、语句出处、评论

Book I

Benjamin Franklin本杰明•富兰克林(1706-1790)

Poor Richard’s Almanac穷理查历书

The Autobiography自传

The Way to Wealth致富之道

Washington Irving华盛顿•欧文(1783-1859)

The Sketch Book见闻札记

The Legend of Sleepy Hollow睡谷的传说

Rip Van Winkle瑞普•凡•温克尔

James Fenimore Cooper詹姆斯•费尼莫尔•库珀(1789-1851)Leather stocking Tales皮裹腿故事集

The Pioneer拓荒者

The Last of Mohicans最后的莫希干人

The Deer slayer杀鹿者

英美文学V1.31卢诗聪

The Prairie大草原

Philip Freneau菲利普•弗伦诺(1752-1832)

The Rising Glory of America蒸蒸日上的美洲

The Wild Honeysuckle野生的金银花

评论：If nothing once, you nothing lose

For when you die you are the same

The space between, is but an hour

The frail duration of a flower

The Indian Burying Ground印第安人殡葬地

出处：And Reason’s chief shall bow the knee to shadows and delusions here.William Cullen Bryant威廉•柯伦•布莱恩特(1794-1878)Thanatopsis死亡随想

出处：Earth, that nourished thee, shall claim thy growth, to be resolved to earth again.评论：The gay will laugh

When thou art gone, the solemn brood of care

Plod on, and each one as before will chase

His favorite phantom;yet all these shall leave

To a Waterfowl致水鸟

出处：Lone wandering, but not lost.Edgar Allan Poe埃德加•爱伦•坡(1809-1849)主旨思想：Nothingne

The Fall of the House of Usher厄舍古屋的倒塌

The Cask of Amontillado一桶白葡萄酒

Israfel伊斯拉菲尔

Annabel Lee安娜贝尔•李

To Hellen致海伦

The Raven乌鸦

Nathaniel Hawthorne纳撒尼尔•霍桑(1804-1864)

主旨思想：He was an anatomist of “the interior of the heart”.Hawthorne seems to question

whether people do learn form experience.He believed human are evil.Dr.Heidegger’s Experiment海德格尔医生的实验

Twice-told Tales尽人皆知的故事

Moes from an Old Manse古屋青苔

The Scarlet Letter红字

The House of the Seven Gables有七个尖角阁的房子

Book II

Ralph Waldo Emerson拉尔夫•沃尔多•爱默生(1803-1882)

主旨思想：He believed in Transcendentalism(超验主义).1.Nature was ennobling, commerce was degrading.2.The individual soul could reach God.He thought people should live a life like.1.be self-reliant and at the same time unselfish.2.There was greatne in us all.Nature论自然

The American Scholar论美国学者

Self-reliance论自立

评论：There is a time in every man’s education when he arrives at the conviction that envy is

ignorance;that imitation is suicide;that he must take himself for better, for worse, as his portion;that thought the wide universe is full of good, no kernel of nourishing corn can come to him but through his toil bestowed on that plot of ground which is given to him to till.出处：1.Trust thyself: every heart vibrates to that iron string.2.Nothing is at last sacred but the integrity of your own mind.3.To be great is to be misunderstood.Henry David Thoreau亨利•大卫•梭罗(1817-1862)主旨思想：1.People should live instead of working for a living.2.If people thought a law was unjust they could resist it by civil disobedience.Walden瓦尔登湖

Civil Disobedience非暴力抵抗

A Week on the Concord and Merrimack Rivers康科德和梅里马克河上的一周 Life without Principle无原则的生活

出处：1.You must get your living by loving.2.Did God direct us so to get our living, digging where we never planted?

Henry Wadsworth Longfellow亨利•沃兹沃思•朗费罗(1807-1882)主旨思想：HomeFamilyNatureReligion

A Psalm of Life人生礼赞

The Hymn of the Night夜的颂歌

The Secret of the Sea海之秘密

出处：Only those who brave its dangers comprehend its mystery.Walt Whitman沃尔特•惠特曼(1819-1892)主旨思想： FreedomIndividualityDemocracy(about man and nature)

Leaves of Gra草叶集

Song of Myself自我之歌

There Was a Child Went Forth从前有个出门的孩子

I hear America Singing我听见美利坚在歌唱

出处：Each singing what belongs to him or her and to none else.Emily Dickinson埃米莉•迪金森(1830-1886)

The Poems of Emily Dickinson埃米莉•迪金森诗集

Succe成功

评论：Succe is counted sweetest

By those who never succeed

To comprehend a nectar

Requires sorest need

Not one of all the purple host

who took the flag today

can tell the definition

so clear of victory

As he defeated dying

on whose forbidden ear

the distant strains of triumph

Break agonized and clear

Much Madne Is the Divinest Sense理性与疯狂

I’m Nobody, Who Are You?我是无名小卒，你是谁？

Mark Twain马克•吐温（Samuel Longhorne Clemens）主旨思想：He made a combination of American folk humor and serious literature.The Adventures of Tom Sawyer汤姆·索耶历险记

The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn哈克贝利·费恩历险记

The Gilded Age镀金时代

Life on the Miiippi密西西比河上的生活

评论：”A man loses as well as gains by learning a trade”

I had made a valuable acquisition.But I had lost something, too.I had lost something which could never be restored to me while I lived.Book III

Theodore Dreiser西奥多•德莱塞(1871-1945)

主旨思想：Dreiser was more concerned with society’s effect on a person.Man is the product of

social procees, only the fittest can survive.Sister Carrie嘉莉姐妹

An American Tragedy美国的悲剧

Trilogy of Desire欲望三部曲(Financer, The Titan, The Stoic)

Edward Arlington Robinson爱德华•阿灵顿•罗宾森(1869 – 1935)

主旨思想：Robinson is best known statement on the hollowne of conventional succe.Illustrate

men’s individualized response to a life.Succe is measured by the intensity and integrity of one’s struggle;failure consists only in a lack of effort.Richard Cory理查德•考瑞

评论：What other people think and feel is not as important as what a person himself believes.Miniver Cheevy米尼弗•奇维

评论：The survival value for the unsucceful people is delusion plus drink.Mr.Flood’s Party弗勒德先生的晚会

Carl Sandburg卡尔•桑德堡(1878-1967)

主旨思想：He saw greatne in ordinary man He was called the echoes of 19th century idealism.The Harbor港口

I Am the People, the Mob我是人民，是民众

F.Scott Fitzgerald弗朗西斯•菲茨杰拉德(1896-1940)

主旨思想：He epitomizes the Roaring Twenties, or called the spokesman of the Jazz Age.He

knew that between the peaks of joy were periods of sorrow.Wanting to be happy does not insure one’s being so that pursuit of entertainment may only cover a lot of pain.The Side of Paradise人间天堂

The Great Gatsby了不起的盖茨比

Tender in the Night夜色温柔

The Last Tycoon最后的巨头

John Steinbeck约翰•斯坦贝克(1902-1966)

主旨思想：He epitomizes the Great Depreion.Tortilla Flat煎饼房

In Dubious Battle胜负未定

Of Mice and Men鼠和人

The Grapes of Wrath愤怒的葡萄

Book IV

Ernest Hemingway欧内斯特•海明威(1899-1961)

主旨思想：He mainly exprees courage and endurance of man.Also his subjects were often war

and its effects on people like the Suffering that war can bring.The Sun Also Rises太阳照样升起

Farewell to Arms永别了，武器

For Whom the Bell Tolls丧钟为谁而鸣

The Old Man and the Sea老人与海

In Another Country在异乡

评论：The tragedies of life can not really be remedied.The wounded soldiers in this story are separated from:

1.Their homeland

2.The war

3.Other groups of people

Robert Frost罗伯特•弗罗斯特(1874-1963)After Apple-picking摘苹果之后

Mending Wall修墙

主旨思想：The Wall in the poem means all the things that separated one human being from

another, all the things in life that keep us from loving our fellow man.出处：Good fences make good neighbors.The Road Not taken没有选择的道路

主旨思想：We must make a decision.We must decide which way to go.This is a universal

dilemma.出处：I took the one le travel by,And that has made all the differences.Fire and Ice火与冰

主旨思想：Life, as poet saw it, is full of apparent paradoxes: tragic & hilariously comic, beautiful

& ugly, chaotic & unified.And world will be destroyed by human’s hate and desire.练习卷答案

S2-C B D C B A

S3-A D B A C D

S4-C B A D A

S5-B D C A C

S6-D C A B B

S7-A C D A B

S8-A D B B C

S9-C A B C D

考试样题：

Final Exam

I.Identify the following works by giving the FULL names of the writers.(30%)

（判断所给出文章的作者，全名，不能有拼写错误。）

Poor Richard’s Almanac_________________________

The Cask of Amontillado_________________________

II.Choose the answer that fits best for each statement.(50%)

（单选，有作家、作品、出处、主旨思想等内容。）

“Fire And Ice” is the work of ______.A.FrostB.DickinsonC.SandburgD.Emerson

III.IDENTIFY the following extractions first and give YOUR OWN COMMENTS of no le than 100 words.(20%)

（文学评论。）

Trust thyself: every heart vibrates to that iron string….Nothing is at last sacred but the integrity of your own mind.