英文语音知识汇总打印版_英语音标语音知识汇总

2020-02-29 其他范文 下载本文

英文语音知识汇总打印版由刀豆文库小编整理,希望给你工作、学习、生活带来方便,猜你可能喜欢“英语音标语音知识汇总”。

1.关于语音的几个概念

1)字母:语言的书写形式。元音字母a, e, i(y), o, u, 2)音标:词的语音形式。

3)音素:音的最小的单位。英语中有48音素。

4)音节:由元音和辅音构成的发音单位。ap'ple, stu'dent, tea'cher, un'der'stand

5)元音:发音响亮,是乐音;口腔中气流不收阻碍;是构成音节的主要音。英语中有20元音。

6)辅音:发音不响亮,是噪音;口腔中气流受到阻碍;不是构成音节的主要音。英语中有28辅音。7)开音节:a)辅音+元音+辅音+e name bike;b)辅音+元音 he, go, hi

8)闭音节:a)辅音+元音+辅音 bad, bed, sit, hot, cup;b)元音+辅音it

9)重读音节:单词中发音特别响亮的音节。

2.元音:(注意:下面空方括号是电脑无法输入的音标)1)[i:] sea, he, see, piece, ceiling2)[i] sit, build, mi, myth3)[e] bed, desk, head,4)[A] bad, land, bank, stamp

5)[a:] car, fast, cla, plant, calm, aunt 6)[C] hot, want

7)[C:] door, more, sport, ball, warm, author, court, bought, caught

8)[u:] good, who, blue, soup,9)[u] look, put, women, could10)[Q] cup, come, blood, rough11)[E:] girl, work, serve, nurse

12)[E] cadre, ago, forget, polite, dollar, doctor, famous, Saturday13)[ei] cake, they, play, eight, great,14)[ai] bike, die, neither, light, try, find, height, eye15)[Eu] phone, cold, boat, soul, grow16)[au] house, town17)[Ci] boy, oil

18)[iE] dear, idea, deer, here, fierce,19)[ ZE] pear, care, there, fair20)[uE] tour, poor, 3.容易混淆的元音

1)[e] [A] bed bad;men, man;pen, pan;lend land2)[i:] [ei] real rail;greet, great;mean, main;read raid3)[e] [ai] bet bite;red write;said side, head, hide

4)[au] [C:] house horse;loud lord;south sauce;now nor;count corn;cloud clause

5)[au] [Q] found fond;gown gone;down don 4.辅音 1)[p] pen,2)[b] bed, comb3)[t] tell,4)[d], day, played, wanted

5)[k] cold, sky, quick, school, back, accept, box6)[g] big, go, gue, language7)[m] man

8)[n] nine, knife, autumn

9)[ N] bank, uncle, English, sing,10)[l] land, world11)[r] read, write,12)[f] five, cough, laugh13)[v] voice, of14)[ W] think,15)[T] this, bathe

16)[s] sit, mi, science, case, scarf17)[z] zoo, close,18)[F] sure, she, social, nation19)[V] pleasure,20)[h] hot, who, hour21)[w] wall, what, answer22)[j] yes

23)[tF] child, teach, catch24)[dV] joke, bridge,25)[ts] boats26)[dz] goods27)[tr] tree28)[dr] dream

5.容易混淆的辅音

1)[v] [w] vet wet;vest west;vine wine;very well

2)[s] [W] sink think;sort thought;mi myth;ma math3)[z] [T] closing clothing;breeze breathe;bays bathes4)[n] [N] thin thing;sin sing;ban bang win wing;ran rang6.读音规则

1)重读音节(见元音和辅音的例句)

2)非重读音节 [E] banana, student, today, after,[i] orange, secret, evening, very, Monday

7.特殊读音

1)音的连读:not at all, half an hour, I love you and all.after all

2)失去爆破:good girl, good student, good job, expreion, school, extreme

3)音的同化:this year, Would you do it? Can't you see it?

8.重音

1)单词重音

A)双音节词

a)一般在第一个音节重读。letter, sorry

b)有 a-, be-, de-, re-, res-, in-, im-, en-, em-, es-, ex-, con-, com-, dis-, mis-, pre-, per-, pro-, trans-等前缀的词,第二个音节是重音。

a'bout, be'lieve, ad'dre, de'cide, re'port, con'demn, res'pect, com'pare, in'form, dis'cu,im'pre, mis'take, en'force, pre'pare, em'ploy, per'mit, es'cape, pro'duce, ex'claim,trans'late

c)有 de-, in-, re-, con-, pre-等前缀的重音与词义和词类有关, 一般名词的重音在第一个音节上,其它的词性在第二个音节上。

'record, re'cord;'insult, in'sult;'conduct, con'duct;'present pre'sent;'content, con'tent

d)有些复合词和带有前缀 re-, ex-, un-, pre-, post-, 等的词,有两个重音。

'out'side, 're'tell, 'well-'known, 'un'real, 'fif'teen, 'Chi'nese, 'pre-'war, 'post-'war

B)多音节词

a)一般倒数第三个音节是重音。'difficult, 'communist, 'family, e'conomy, oppor'tunity,de'mocracy.b)有一些双音节词,加了前缀和后缀成了多音节,但这些词按原来词根的重音读音。

'carefully, in'definite, 'comfortable, con'ductor, ac'cording, dis'turbance, 'complicated,es'tablishment,c)词尾有-eous,-grahpy,-ial,-ian,-ic,-ics,-ience, ient,-ify,-ion,-ious,-ity, ive 后缀的词,重音在这些后缀的前一个音节上。

cour'teous, cal'ligraphy, edi'torial, his'torian, peri'odic, mathe'matics, ex'perience,suf'ficient, i'dentify, trans'lation, re'ligious, curi'osity, pro'tective

d)词尾有-ain,-ee,-eer,-ese,-ette 后缀的词,重音在该后缀上,而且有一个次重音。enter'tain, emplo'yee, mountai'neer, Japa'nese, ciga'rette

2)句子重音

A)英语的节奏:(轻)-轻-重-轻-(轻)或重-轻-(轻)(轻)重

B)英语句子的长短:是由句子中的重读词的数目决定的,而

不是象汉语那样由句子中的汉字数目决定的。

C)实词重读(副词重读),虚词轻读(冠词,单音节介词,单音节连词,人称代词,反代词,物主代词,关系代词,相互代词,助动词,情态动词和系动词be.D)实词不重读的特殊情况

a)实词第二次出现

He thinks of that as a child thinks.b)一个名词被第二个名词修饰

I met her in the railway station.c)代替词

Which book do you want? The small one.d)感叹词中的 what 和how

What a good day it is!How beautiful she is!

e)street 在专有名词中

Wangfujing Street.f)this在这些短语中,this morning/afternoon/evening

E)虚词重读的特殊情况

a)情态动词,助动词和系动词be在句首,句尾和否定时。

Do you like it? Yes, I do.Are you a doctor? Yes, I am.Can you help me? Yes, I can.I don't like you.He isn't a worker.b)情态动词表示可能,惊奇和肯定时。

They may come this evening.Can it be five already? He must be in the room.c)介词在句首和句尾。

In the box, he found a letter.He is the person I talked with.d)引导复合句的连词在句首。

If you wish, I'll visit you.When he comes, I'll tell him.e)反身代词表示强调。

He couldn't come himself.语音(上)A[ei]

在重读开音节中

grade,face,table,namehave [hAv][A]

在重读闭音节中

map,practice,that,plan,hand[E]

在非重读音节中

above, about, among,woman[R]w+a

watch, what,wash,walletwater [5wR:tE][i]

在重读音节后的音节中village, orange, comradeoperate[5CpEreit][B:]

a+n(或,sp,sk,st,th,f)

answer, grant, cla, grasp, basket,fast,bath,aftersand[sAnd]stand[stAnd] land[lAnd]band[bAnd]

ai,ay[ei]

在重读音节中

straight,afraid,paint,rain[i]

在非重读音节中

Monday,mountain,holiday,captainweekday[5wi:kdei]birthday[5bE:Wdei]Air[Z[]

在重读音节中

repair,chair,hair,stairAl[C:]

在辅音之间

chalk,call,small,walkhalf [hB:f]salt[sC:lt]Ar[B:]

在重读音节中

party,artist,farm,card

toward[tE5wC:d]marry[5mAri] quarter[5kwC:tE] various[5vZEriEs][E]

在非重读音节中

grammar,collar,sugarAre[ZE]

在重读音节中

glare,care,stare,dareAu[C:]

August,autumn

aunt[B:nt]because[bi5kCz]Australia[Cs5treiliE]Augh[C:]

caught,taught,daughterlaugh[lB:f]Aw[C:]

draw,law,saw

2.元音字母e及其字母组合的读音(见表1.2)e[i:]

在重读开音节中

complete,even,these,[e]

在重读闭音节中better,enter,freshpretty[5priti]

[E]

在非重读音节中

happen,open, problem[i]

在前缀和后缀中

depend,behind,needed

元音字母和字母组合 ea[e]

breath,head,ready,dead[i:]

breathe,season,least,deal,teach[iE]

really,real,theatre, ideareality[ri5Aliti][ei]

great,breakee[i:]

greet,deep,keep,meetei(ie)[i:]

receive,thief, believe

eight[eit] friend[frend] height[hait]er[E:]

在重读音节中

verb,her,term,serve

terrible[5terEbl] merry[5meri][E]

在非重读音节中worker,paperear[iE]

dear,clear,near,hear[E:]

search,learn,earth,earnheart[hB:t]eer[iE]

pioneer,deer-ed[t]

前面是清辅音([t]除外)

jumped,talked,worked,helped[d]

前面是浊辅音([d]除外)和元音

loved,answered,closed,stayed[id]

前面是[t]或[d]

needed,shouted,skated

3.元音字母i及其字母组合的读音(见表1.3)

表1.3

元音字母和字母组合说明例词例外

i(y)[ai]

在重读开音节中Friday,fine,drivegive[^iv][i]

在重读闭音节中strict,think,artistwild[waild]ie[ai]

在重读词尾

lie,tie,die,pie[i:]

believe,piece,fieldfriend[frend] quiet[5kwaiEt]ir[E:]

girl,bird,first,birthmirror[5mirE]igh[ai]

fight,right,tight,nightild[aild]

wild,child,mildire[aiE]

admire,hire,fire, entireind[aind]

behind,find,kindwind [wind]-ied[id]

worried,carried,hurried,studiedterrified[5terifaid]

4.元音字母o及其字母组合的读音(见表1.4)o[Eu]

在重读开音节中spoke,pole,note

improve[im5pru:v], love[lQv], whose[hu:z], lose[lu:z], tomb[tu:m], prove[pru:v][C]

在重读闭音节中

monument,along,shop,cloth[E]

在非重读音节中

observe,towards,polite[Eu]

在某些词的词尾

envelope,piano,photo,radio[Q]

worry,another,son,cover

woman,wolf,intooa[Eu]

coat,boat,road,coalbroad[brC:d]

oi,oy[Ci]

noise,enjoy,choice,boyoo[u:]

school,soon,fool,loose[u]

后面是t,d,k时

good,book,look,foot

food[fu:d], shoot[Fu:t] boot[bu:t][Q]

flood,bloodor[C:]

在重读音节中worn,horse[E:]

在重读音节中

world,work,worse

worry[5wQri], foreign[5fCrin] forest[5fCrist], borrow[5bCrEu] tomorrow[tE5mCrEu][E]

在非重读音节中

actor,doctor,visitorou[au]

mouse,ground,southsoul[sEul][u:]

youth,group,wound[Q]

trouble,touch,countryow[au]

down,town,how,allowknowledge[5nClidV][Eu]

snow,grow,windowough[C:]

bought,thought,oughtcough[kCf], enough[i5nQf] tough[tQf], plough[plau] through[Wru:]our[auE]

在重读音节中flour,hour,ourtour[tuE][C:]

在重读音节中

four,pour,coursejourney[5dVE:ni]在非重读音节中

honour,favour,colour

5.元音字母u及其字母组合的读音(见表1.5)u[ju:]

在重读开音节中

student,use,pupil,hugesugar[5Fu^E][Q]

在重读闭音节中but,cut,up,hurrytruth[tru:W] busy[5bizi][E]

在某些非重读音节中

autumn,difficult,succe

institute[5institju:t], communism[5kCmjunizEm]ur[E:]

hurt,nurse,turn,burnhurry[5hQri][E]

surprise,Saturday

6.辅音字母的读音(见表1.6)

表1.6

辅音字母和字母组合读 音说明例词例外c[s]

在元音字母e,i,(y)之前nice,twice,citymusician[mju: 5ziFEn][k]

在a,o,u或辅音字母之前call,card,uncle,medicalch[tF]

choose,change,child,beachSandwich[k]

headache,stomach,chemical,school[F]

moustache,machineh[h]

help,hand,hope不发音

hour,honest,exhibitionn[n]

answer,line,fan,neck[N]

在辅音[^]或[k]之前

think,uncle,English,finger,wrongstrange[streindV]

change[tFeindV]th[W]

在实词中

tooth,three,health,breath,think,bath,youthbreathe,father等词中读[T][T]

在虚词和部分代词中

the,thus,these,other,with,thatx[^z]

在重读元音中之前exam,example[ks]

expect,explain,exercise,extend

二、单词重音 单词重音如表1.7所示。

表1.7

重读音节情况例词

单音节词一般都重读,为方便在单标中一般略去重音符号map[mAp],pen[pen],time[taim],rose[rEuz]

双音节词的重音多落在第一音节上brother[5brQTE],letter[5letE],yellow[5jelEu],photo[5fEutEu]续表

重读音节情况例词

单音节词加上后缀-er,-ly,-ing,-ed等的双音节词,重音也在第一个音节上

carele[5kZElis],sadly[5sAdli],teacher[5ti:tFE],wanted[5wCntid],stronger[strCN^E]

有前缀a-,be-,mis-,en-,ex-,im-,in-,re-等双音节词,重音一般落在第二个音节上

about[E5baut],before[bi5fC:],explain[iks5plein],report[ri5pC:t] mistake[mis5teik]

以un-前缀开头和有后缀-teen的双音节词通常有两个重音5un5fair,5un5known,5four5teen,5thir5teen

有些双音节词的重音有区别词性的作用-重音在前是名词,重音在后是动词5desert(沙漠),de5sert(抛弃),5permit(执照),per5mit(呈献)

三音节词的重音一般在第一个音节上

5hospital, 5monitor, 5nobody, 5difficult, 5library

双音节词加上前缀或后缀构成的多音节词,重音一般在原词根的重读音节上

5villager,5carefully,re5member,po5liceman,dis5cover,de5velop

多音节词的重音多数在倒数第三个音节上,为读起来上口,由主要重音向前再数两个音节上一般有一个次重音university[5ju:ni5vE:siti],experiment[iks5perimEnt] geography[dVi5C^rEfi],apology[E5pClEdVi]

词尾有-ic,-tion,-sion,-ian等后缀时,音词的(主要)重音落在这些后缀前面的那个音节上pronunciation[prE5nQnsi5eiFEn],musician[mju(:)5ziFEn],(但television [5teli5viVEn]等例外)

以-self和-selves结尾的反身代词,重音落在-self和-selves上my5self,your5self,them5selves,our5selves

复合名词的重音多在第一个音节上

5basketball,5dining-room,5grand mother,5blackboard

复合形容词一般两部分均重读

5well-5known,5good-5looking, 5man-5made,5kind-5hearted

专有名词一般在后一个词上重读mary5white,the summer5palace

语音英文心得体会范文(17篇)

通过总结,我能更好地认识自己。在写心得体会时,可以适当引用相关的理论知识和实例进行阐释。接下来,小编将为大家分享一些关于心得体会的优秀范文,希望能够对大家有所帮助。语音......

语音英文心得体会(通用16篇)

写心得体会可以让我们更好地反思自己的成长和发展过程。在写心得体会时,可以向他人请教和交流,获取更多的反馈和建议。以下是一些经过编辑和整理的心得体会范文,供大家参考和借......

语音英文心得体会(优质16篇)

心得体会是我们对自己的成长和发展的思考和总结。心得体会的结尾要给人以启发和思考,具有一定的触动力。以下心得体会范文的作者们通过自身经验的总结,希望能给大家一些指导和......

语音英文心得体会(实用21篇)

撰写心得体会可以帮助我们深入思考和反思,进一步提高自己的认知和思维能力。那么,如何写一篇较为完美的心得体会呢?首先,我们要对所要总结的内容进行梳理和分析,明确总结的对象和......

普通话语音发音的知识

普通话语音发音的知识一语音1.声母表:bpmfdtnlgkhjqxzhchshrzcsryw2.韵母aoeIuyuaieiaoouanenangengong由(i)组成的:iaieiaoiouianiniangingiong(u)组成的:uauouaiueiuanuenuangu......

《英文语音知识汇总打印版.docx》
将本文的Word文档下载,方便收藏和打印
推荐度:
英文语音知识汇总打印版
点击下载文档
相关专题 英语音标语音知识汇总 英文 语音 知识 英语音标语音知识汇总 英文 语音 知识
[其他范文]相关推荐
[其他范文]热门文章
下载全文