李政道与杨振宁的故事(讲稿)_李政道的手稿故事

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The story between Tsung Dao Lee and Chen Ning Yang Good afternoon, dear clamates!I’m Peng Jun, from Schoolof Physics Science and Engineering.I’m very happy to be here today, and I’ll share you with the story between Chen Ning Yang and Tsung Dao Lee.As we all know, Lee and Yang are the proud of Chinese nation.1956, they won that year’s Nobel Prize for their work about “Law of non conservation of parity”.It was the first time that Chinese people had this honor.Their close cooperation was once enviable.Unfortunately, 5 years after winning the prize, they went their separate ways.What had happened? Now let’s see it.The whole story Yang was born in Hefei, Anhui Province in 1922.In 1945, after his postgraduate life, he went to University of Chicago, to be famous physicist, Fermi’s doctor, and graduated in 1948.Lee was born in Shanghai in 1926.At 1945, he was recommended by his teacher, Wu da You to get the scholarship for further study at America.Then, at the age of 20, Lee became Fermi’s postgraduate.Yang and Lee first met in 1946.At that time, Yang was a genius of fame at UC, while Lee was a young guy who had just completed his 2-year course in Southwest Aociated University in China.Thus, Lee always turned to Yang for help, varying from course selecting to some questions.From 1946 to 1949, they had very closed relationship, and they wrote a paper together.1949, Yang went to Princeton University, and Lee went to Wisconsin.At September, 1951, Lee came to the prestigious Institute for Advanced Study of Princeton.There he met Yang again.At the guidance of Kaufman, they came to Einstein’s office.The talk was long, and Lee was very excited about that.Just from then on, these two young fellows’coorperation and their extraordinary story took leave.From 1951 to 1953, they worked together in Princeton, and wrote some papers about statistical physics.During this period, they were a little unhappy about the “ranking event”.Then Lee wanted to keep a distance with Yang.Thus, when Lee got a position in Chicago in 1953, he accepted it, due partly to this thought.Yang stayed in Princeton, and made some academic visits to Japan and Seattle.During 1953 to 1956, they didn’t cooperate, and were busy for their own things.Those two years, they both worked with fruitful results.1954, Yang wrote a very important paper with Mills, which was called “Yang-Mills theory”.This theory opened up a road for the Unified Field Theory, it was named as important as Newton’ Law and Maxwell Equations.1953, after his arriving at UC, Lee gave a so-called “Lee model”.It was very simple but had huge influence to Field Theory and renormalization.Lee had been working for the so-called “θ-τmystery” from 1955 to 1956.One day on April in 1956, Lee was talking with Steinberger about their experiment, all of a sudden, he sparked an idea, leading to the thought of parity nonconservation.He came to aware that we must aume that other particles—not only θ-τ—may also occur parity nonconservation.He conjectured, parity violation is likely to be a basic principle of weak force.One morning at May, 1956, Yang came to see Lee, and Lee introduced his Lee’s latest works.Yang was strongly rejected at first.After listening carefully to Lee, however, Yang changed his mindand expreed a willingne to work together.The following one year is amazing, with big or small arguments.In order to discu physical problems, they kept in touch with each other.Since the two places were not far away, they made an appointment every week.Finally, in 1956, they completed the great paper.In this paper, Lee and Yang proposed “Lee-Yang hypothesis” as they worked together.That was the so-called “Law of non conservation of parity”, which means that elementary particles parity in the weak interaction may not be conserved.Nov 31,1957, 31 year-old T.D.Lee and 35 year-old C.N.Yang, won that year's Nobel Prize in Physics.Before The Nobel Prize award, Yang suddenly requested a transfer order.Lee was surprised at that moment, this had never happened before in Nobel Prize’s history.He agreed, however, without being aware of all those misfortunes afterwards.In 1962, the relationship between them bankrupt because of the name order in the paper.The once good friends then went separate ways regrettably.20 years later, Yang published his collected papers, which gave some inaccurate descriptions of past.Then in 1986, Lee published an article against Yang.In my opinion, Lee isn’t a liar.After all, it was a really big tragedy for Chinese people.Thank you!