American election_uselection
American election由刀豆文库小编整理，希望给你工作、学习、生活带来方便，猜你可能喜欢“uselection”。
United States presidential election
1.Brief introduction about United States presidential election
The election of the President and Vice President of the United States is an indirect vote in which citizens cast ballots for a slate of members of the U.S.Electoral College;these electors in turn directly elect the President and Vice President.Presidential elections occur quadrennially(the count beginning with the year 1792)on Election Day, the Tuesday between November 2 and 8, coinciding with the general elections of various other federal, states and local races.The most recent was the 2008 presidential election, held on November 4 that year.The next will be the 2012 election, to be held on November 6.The proce is regulated by a combination of both federal and state laws.Each state is allocated a number of Electoral College electors equal to the number of its Senators and Representatives in the U.S.Congre.Additionally, Washington, D.C.is given a number of electors equal to the number held by the smallest state.U.S.territories are not represented in the Electoral College.Under the U.S.Constitution, each state legislature is allowed to designate a way of choosing electors.Thus, the popular vote on Election Day is conducted by the various states and not directly by the federal government.Once chosen, the electors can vote for anyone, but – with rare exceptions like an unpledged elector or faithle elector – they vote for their designated candidates and their votes are certified by Congre in early January.The Congre is the final judge of the electors;the last serious dispute was in the 2000 election.The nomination proce, including the primary elections and the nominating conventions, were never specified in the Constitution, and were instead developed by the states and the political parties.This too is also an indirect election proce, where voters cast ballots for a slate of delegates to a political party's nominating convention, who then in turn elect their party's presidential nominee.2.Fierce competition of presidential candidates: Obama VS Romney
3.1】2012年1月3日的共和党艾奥瓦州党团会议正式拉开美国总统大选帷幕。11月16日，美国全国选民将投票选出下一届美国总统。
January 3, 2012 Republican Iowa caucus officially opened the curtain of the U.S.presidential election.November 16, U.S.voters will vote to elect the next President of the United States.2】This campaign looks likely to sharpen America's divisions.这次总统竞选似乎深化了美国人的分歧。
3】Le than half of America's voters approve of the way Mr Obama is doing his job.Six out of ten think the country is on the “wrong track”.The recovery is still weak and 12.7m Americans are unemployed.America added only 120,000 jobs in March, below expectations and fewer than in previous months.美国选民中，只有不到一半的人认可奥巴马总统的工作。他们中10个人就有6个认为美国正处于一条“错误的轨道”上。经济恢复依旧疲弱，1270万美国人失业。3月份美国新增
120,000个就业岗位，这一数字低于预期，同时也比前几个月的少。
4】This fight is going to be nastier than the one in 2008.By instinct Mr.Romney is a moderate, but the primaries tugged him sharply right, forcing him to boast that he was “severely conservative” by embracing policies, including deep cuts in social spending, that even the famous flip-flopper will now find it difficult to drop.After the primaries, candidates pivot towards the centre.But Mr.Romney knows that to turn out a conservative base that does not love him he must mobilize their hatred of Mr.Obama.In the meantime Mr.Obama appears to believe that he cannot afford to present himself once more as a healer who will soar above party divisions.He is running a more partisan campaign this time round.An already polarised America therefore faces a deeply polarizing election.本次大选战况将比2008年的大选更加难分难解。罗姆尼本质上是走稳健路线的，但是初选把他推到了极右阵营，迫使他支持一些政策来宣称自己是“极端保守”的，这些政策包括大幅削减社会支出。然而即使是那些名气大的墙头草政客们也发现，削减社会开支难度很大。初选之后，候选人们的重心已经移到了中心。但是罗姆尼知道，要想在不欢迎自己的保守派阵营中取得一席之地，他必须激起这些人对奥巴马总统的敌视。奥巴马总统似乎认为自己不能再以党派分歧调停人的形象出现了。本次竞选，他把更多心思花在自己的阵营上。这样一来，社会极化严重的美国要面临一场同样极化严重的大选。
5】The second time, it's harder
再次参选，难度更大
Still, “it could have been worse” has never been an inspiring re-election slogan.The recovery is still so tepid that Mr.Obama cannot risk running on his record alone.He has therefore to cast the election as a choice, not a referendum on his performance.That requires him to make the choice as stark as poible.For months he has portrayed the Republicans as ruthle aet-strippers who care nothing about the middle cla so long as they can promote the interests of the super-rich.How lucky for Mr.Obama that the super-rich Mr.Romney made his fortune in the cut-throat busine of private equity.然而，“要是没有我情况会更坏”可不是个振奋人心的竞选口号.经济复苏依旧不冷不热，奥巴马不能只靠之前执政成果来竞选，这样很冒险。因此他得表现出这是个让人做出抉择的大选，而不是因为他的执政成果人们才投他的票。这就要求他把自己和罗姆尼这两个民众的选择的特征展现的一目了然。最近几个月他把共和党人描述成一群只要能维护大富豪利益，就会去野蛮掠夺财产，不顾中产阶级死活的人。罗姆尼可是个在残酷的私募基金行业中赚了大钱的富豪，这对奥巴马总统来说是多么幸运的一件事。
7】Mr.Romney's retort is that the president is attacking policies nobody is proposing, “setting up straw men to distract from his record”.Coming from the Republicans, this is rich.They have attacked a straw man since the day Mr.Obama was inaugurated.They labeled his conventional Keynesian response to a deep receion “socialist”.They called “Obamacare” unAmerican, even though this market-based scheme to extend health cover to 30m uninsured Americans is almost identical to the one Mr.Romney adopted as governor of Maachusetts.罗姆尼反驳，称总统正对没人提议过的政策进行抨击，罗姆尼此举是“创造一个假想敌，让选民不去注意奥巴马的执政成果”.很多共和党人都这样反击。从奥巴马就职的那天起，他们就一直在攻击一个假想敌。他们用奥巴马传统的凯恩斯式的回应给奥巴马贴上一个“深度衰退社会主义者”的标签。他们称“奥巴马医保方案”不符合美国人利益，尽管这一基于市
场，将医保覆盖至30万未投保的美国人身上的方案和罗姆尼当马萨诸塞州州长时采取的方案大同小异。
Mr.Romney also accuses Mr.Obama of drowning the American dream in a sea of red ink.But on this iue there is plenty of blame to go round.Although Mr.Obama has yet to come up with a serious plan to tame entitlements, he did try last summer to negotiate a “grand bargain” on the deficit.And when that failed, Congre voted for an automatic deficit-reducing spending cut(the “sequester”)of $1.2 trillion over the next decade that is supposed to kick in at the end of this year.罗姆尼还控告奥巴马把美国梦拖入赤字的汪洋大海里。但在这件事情上，奥巴马有许多让人指责的地方。尽管奥巴马至今尚未出台重要的计划来削减国民福利(这里真心不会翻译)，但他去年夏季确实试着在财政赤字上做出“大妥协”。当那失败之后，国会自动对在未来十年内用削减1.2万亿美元开支来填补赤字的方案进行投票，今年年底这一方案应该会通过。
9】In short, America is in dire need of the sort of comity Mr.Obama promised in 2008.We are not red states and blue states, he said then, we are the United States.What a pity that he is changing tack this time, bashing the rich via gimmicks such as the “Buffett rule”(which is supposed to make millionaires like Mr.Romney pay at least the same tax rate as their secretaries)and galvanising his base by brushing aside even the sensible part of the Republican argument that something radical must be done to curb entitlement spending.He may feel he has no choice.But it is a miserable portent for the future.总而言之，美国亟需奥巴马总统在2008年所承诺的礼让。当时他说“我们不是共和党人，也不是民主党人，我们是美国人”。这次他改变了战略，用诸如“巴菲特法案”（这一法案将让像罗姆尼这样的百万富翁和他们的秘书以同样的税率纳税）一类的花招来打击富人，同时漠视共和党观点中的明智之处（如在削减福利开支方面必须要激进）来巩固自己，这让人颇为遗憾。或许他觉得自己已经别无选择。但是这预示着美国不乐观的未来。
Mitt and Ann Romney have released their 2010 tax return and an estimate of their 2011 return, thus offering extensive information about their personal finances.In approaching Romney’s taxes, a number of key points should be kept in mind.First, as a succeful busineman, Governor Romney has not only added value to our economy through his investment and busine activity, but he has paid millions in taxes every year to the U.S.government.Second, the Romneys take to heart ―to whom much is given, of him shall much be required.‖ Accordingly, they have been extraordinarily generous in their charitable giving, donating over $7 million from 2010-2011, averaging over 16% of their income.Third, Mitt Romney has been scrupulous about observing the requirements of the tax code.His income is reported and taxed in full compliance with U.S.law, and he has paid 100 percent of what he has owed.His good name means everything to him.Throughout his life in this and in other matters, he has conducted his personal and busine affairs so as to be beyond reproach.Governor Romney is proud of his succe and of the accomplishments that created value for society as a whole and contributed to the generation of more than 100,000 jobs.He favors a set of economic policies that will enable every American to get ahead through education, hard work, and a willingne to take risks.Accordingly, he opposes higher taxes that discourage investment and kill jobs.He believes that the tax code needs to be simpler, flatter and fairer.As President, he would work hard to make America once again a country where everyone
who takes initiative can flourish.Governor Mitt Romney About Governor Mitt Romney:
Widely recognized for his leadership and accomplishments as a public servant and in private enterprise, former Maachusetts Governor Mitt Romney delivers powerful insight on the current and future challenges facing America and the world, and offers compelling solutions on how America can regain its course.About Mitt Romney: Busine Career
His is a career marked by succe.From 1978 to 1984, Governor Romney enjoyed a succeful tenure as Vice President at Bain & Company, a leading management consulting firm, helping businees grow and improve their operations.In 1984, Romney founded and led Bain Capital, now one of the nation’s most succeful venture capital and investment firms.He later took a temporary leave of absence to return to Bain & Company as CEO at a time of financial turmoil to lead a turnaround of the organization.About Mitt Romney: 2002 Salt Lake City Olympic Games
During the run-up to the 2002 Olympic Games, Romney left the private sector to become President and CEO of the Salt Lake Organizing Committee.Given the task of turning around an Olympics mired in controversy and saddled with debt, Romney galvanized community spirit, erased a $379 million operating deficit, organized 23,000 volunteers, and oversaw an unprecedented security mobilization just months after the September 11th attacks, leading to one of the most succeful Olympics in the country’s history.About Mitt Romney: Governor of Maachusetts
Romney’s career in public service has been equally distinguished.Elected Governor of Maachusetts in 2002, he presided over a dramatic reversal of state fortunes and sustained economic growth, balancing the state budget without raising taxes, creating tens of thousands of new jobs, and enacting education reform to both reward students and aid failing schools.In 2006, Governor Romney proposed and signed into law private, market-based healthcare reform, ensuring that every Maachusetts citizen receives health insurance — without a government takeover and without raising taxes.Elected Chairman of the Republican Governors Aociation during the 2006 election cycle, Romney raised a then-record $27 million for candidates running in state house contests acro the country.About Mitt Romney: Public Service/Education
Governor Romney has been deeply involved in community and civic affairs, serving in his church and numerous charities including City Year, the Boy Scouts, and the Points of Light Foundation.He was also the Maachusetts Republican nominee for U.S.Senate in 1994 against Ted Kennedy.He received his B.A., with Highest Honors, from Brigham Young University in 1971.In 1975, he was awarded an MBA from Harvard Busine School, where he was named a Baker Scholar, and a J.D., cum laude, from Harvard Law School.Governor Romney and his wife Ann have been married for 40 years and have five sons, five daughters-in-law, and fourteen grandchildren.
