obama_obama奥巴马
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Brief Introduction奥巴马简介
Barack Huein Obama, born on August 4, 1961, is the junior United States Senator from Illinois and presidential nominee of the Democratic Party in the 2008 United States presidential election.Obama is the first African-American to be nominated by a major American political party for president and became the first African-American president in American history on November 4, 2008.A graduate of Columbia University and Harvard Law School, where he became the first black person to serve as president of the Harvard Law Review, Obama worked as a community organizer and practiced as a civil rights attorney before serving three terms in the Illinois Senate from 1997 to 2004.He taught constitutional law at the University of Chicago Law School from 1992 to 2004.Following an unsucceful bid for a seat in the U.S.House of Representatives in 2000, he announced his campaign for the U.S.Senate in January 2003.After a primary victory in March 2004, Obama delivered the keynote addre at the Democratic National Convention in July 2004.He was elected to the Senate in November 2004 with 70 percent of the vote.As a member of the Democratic minority in the 109th Congre, he helped create legislation to control conventional weapons and to promote greater public accountability in the use of federal funds.He also made official trips to Eastern Europe, the Middle East, and Africa.During the 110th Congre, he helped create legislation regarding lobbying and electoral fraud, climate change, nuclear terrorism, and care for returned U.S.military personnel.Obama announced his presidential campaign in February 2007, and was formally nominated at the 2008 Democratic National Convention with Delaware senator Joe Biden as his running mate.Early life and Education早年经历
Barack Obama was born in Honolulu, Hawaii, to Barack Huein Obama, Sr., a Luo from Kenya, and Ann Dunham, a white American from Wichita, Kansas.His parents met while attending the University of Hawaii at Manoa, where his father was a foreign student.They separated when he was two years old and later divorced.Obama's father attended Harward Universtiy for his Doctor’s Degree and returned to Kenya and saw his son only once more before dying in an automobile accident in 1982.After her divorce, Dunham married Lolo Soetoro, and the family moved to Soetoro's home country of Indonesia in 1967, where Obama attended local schools in Jakarta until he was ten years old.He then returned to Honolulu to live with his maternal grandparents while attending Punahou School from the fifth grade in 1971 until his graduation from high school in 1979.Obama's mother returned to Hawaii in 1972 for several years and then back to Indonesia to complete fieldwork for her doctoral diertation.She died of ovarian cancer in 1995.As an adult Obama admitted that during high school he used marijuana, cocaine, and alcohol, which he described at the 2008 Civil Forum on the Presidency as his greatest moral failure.Following high school, Obama moved to Los Angeles, where he studied at Occidental College for two years.He then transferred to Columbia University in New York City, where he majored in political science with a specialization in international relations.Career职业生涯
Obama graduated with a B.A.from Columbia in 1983, then at the start of the following year worked for a year at the Busine International Corporation and then at the New York Public Interest Research Group.After four years in New York City, Obama moved to Chicago, where he was hired as director of the Developing Communities Project(DCP)and worked there for three years from June 1985 to May 1988.Obama entered Harvard Law School in late 1988.At the end of his first year, he was selected, based on his grades and a writing competition, as an editor of the Harvard Law Review.In February 1990, in his second year, he was elected president of the Law Review, a full-time volunteer position functioning as editor-in-chief and supervising the Law Review's staff of eighty editors.After graduating with a Juris Doctor(J.D.)magna cum laude from Harvard in 1991, he returned to Chicago.He served from 1994 to 2002 on the board of directors of the Woods Fund of Chicago, and also from 1994 to 2002 on the board of directors of The Joyce Foundation.Obama was elected to the Illinois Senate in 1996, In January 2003, Obama became chairman of the Illinois Senate's Health and Human Services Committee.He resigned from the Illinois Senate in November 2004 following his election to the US Senate.2008 Election 2008年参加美国大选
On February 10, 2007, Obama announced his candidacy for President of the United States in front of the Old State Capitol building in Springfield, Illinois.Throughout the campaign, Obama has emphasized the iues of rapidly ending the Iraq War, increasing energy independence, and providing universal health care.And he promised “change” in the campaign course.Barack Obama swept to victory as the nation's first black president Tuesday night in an electoral college landslide that overcame racial barriers as old as America itself.“Change has come,” he declared to a huge throng of cheering supporters.The Democratic senator from Illinois sealed his historic triumph by defeating Republican Sen.John McCain in a string of wins in hard-fought battleground states — Ohio, Florida, Virginia, Iowa and more.Romantic story“罗曼史”
Obama met his wife, Michelle Robinson, in June 1989 when he was employed as a summer aociate at the Chicago law firm of Sidley Austin.Aigned for three months as Obama's adviser at the firm, Robinson joined him at group social functions, but declined his initial offers to date.They began dating later that summer, became engaged in 1991, and were married on October 3, 1992.The couple's first daughter, Malia Ann, was born in 1998, followed by a second daughter, Natasha(“Sasha”), in 2001.A diversified family“小联合国”
In a 2006 interview, Obama highlighted the diversity of his extended family.“Michelle will tell you that when we get together for Christmas or Thanksgiving, it's like a little mini-United Nations,” he said.“I've got relatives who look like Bernie Mac, and I've got relatives who look like Margaret Thatcher.” Obama has seven half-siblings from his Kenyan father's family, six of them living, and a half-sister, Maya Soetoro-Ng, the daughter of his mother and her Indonesian second husband.Obama's mother was survived by her Kansas-born mother, Madelyn Dunham until her death on November 2, 2008, just before the presidential election.Obama plays basketball, a sport he participated in as a member of his high school's varsity team.Before announcing his presidential candidacy, he began a well-publicized effort to quit smoking.Cultural and Political image 文化及政治形象
With his Kenyan father and white American mother, his upbringing in Honolulu and Jakarta, and his Ivy League education, Obama's early life experiences differ markedly from those of African American politicians who launched their careers in the 1960s through participation in the civil rights movement.Expreing puzzlement over questions about whether he is “black enough,” Obama told an August 2007 meeting of the National Aociation of Black Journalists that the debate is not about his physical appearance or his record on iues of concern to black voters.Obama said that “we're still locked in this notion that if you appeal to white folks then there must be something wrong.”
Echoing the inaugural addre of John F.Kennedy, Obama acknowledged his youthful image in an October 2007 campaign speech, saying: “I wouldn't be here if, time and again, the torch had not been paed to a new generation.”
Many commentators mentioned Obama's international appeal as a defining factor for his public image.Not only did several polls show strong support for him in other countries, but Obama also established close relationships with prominent foreign politicians and elected officials even before his presidential candidacy, notably with then current British Prime minister Tony Blair, whom he met in London in 2005, with Italy's Democratic Party leader Walter Veltroni, who visited Obama's Senate office in 2005, and with French President Nicolas Sarkozy, who also visited him in Washington in 2006.
